Multiscale Computational Methods in Chemistry and Physics

Multiscale Computational Methods in Chemistry and Physics
Author: Achi Brandt
Publisher:
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2001
Genre: Chemistry
ISBN:

This book brings together interdisciplinary contributions ranging from applied mathematics, theoretical physics, quantum chemistry and molecular biology, all addressing various facets of the problem to connect the many different scales that one has to deal with in the computer simulation of many systems of interest in chemistry (e.g. polymeric materials, biological molecules, clusters, surface and interface structure). Particular emphasis is on the "multigrid technique" and its applications, ranging from electronic structure calculations to the statistical mechanics of polymers.

Nanotechnology Research Directions: IWGN Workshop Report

Nanotechnology Research Directions: IWGN Workshop Report
Author: R.S. Williams
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 367
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9401595763

energy production, environmental management, transportation, communication, computation, and education. As the twenty-first century unfolds, nanotechnology's impact on the health, wealth, and security of the world's people is expected to be at least as significant as the combined influences in this century of antibiotics, the integrated circuit, and human-made polymers. Dr. Neal Lane, Advisor to the President for Science and Technology and former National Science Foundation (NSF) director, stated at a Congressional hearing in April 1998, "If I were asked for an area of science and engineering that will most likely produce the breakthroughs of tomorrow, I would point to nanoscale science and engineering. " Recognizing this potential, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) have issued a joint memorandum to Federal agency heads that identifies nanotechnology as a research priority area for Federal investment in fiscal year 2001. This report charts "Nanotechnology Research Directions," as developed by the Interagency W orking Group on Nano Science, Engineering, and Technology (IWGN) of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report incorporates the views of leading experts from government, academia, and the private sector. It reflects the consensus reached at an IWGN-sponsored workshop held on January 27-29, 1999, and detailed in contributions submitted thereafter by members of the V. S. science and engineering community. (See Appendix A for a list of contributors.

Complex Social and Behavioral Systems

Complex Social and Behavioral Systems
Author: Marilda Sotomayor
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020-08-21
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9781071603673

This volume in the Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, Second Edition, combines the main features of Game Theory, covering most of the fundamental theoretical aspects under the cooperative and non-cooperative approaches, with the procedures of Agent-Based Modeling for studying complex systems composed of a large number of interacting entities with many degrees of freedom. In Game Theory, the cooperative approach focuses on the possible outcomes of the decision-makers’ interaction by abstracting from the "rational" actions or decisions that may lead to these outcomes. The non-cooperative approach focuses on the actions that the decision-makers can take. As John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern argued in their path-breaking book of 1944 entitled Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, most economic questions should be analyzed as games. The models of game theory are abstract representations of a number of real-life situations and have applications to economics, political science, computer science, evolutionary biology, social psychology, and law among others. Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) is a relatively new computational modeling paradigm which aims to construct the computational counterpart of a conceptual model of the system under study on the basis of discrete entities (i.e., the agent) with some properties and behavioral rules, and then to simulate them in a computer to mimic the real phenomena. Given the relative immaturity of this modeling paradigm, and the broad spectrum of disciplines in which it is applied, a clear cut and widely accepted definition of high level concepts of agents, environment, interactions and so on, is still lacking. This volume explores the state-of-the-art in the development of a real ABM ontology to address the epistemological issues related to this emerging paradigm for modeling complex systems.

Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance

Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance
Author: William Sims Bainbridge
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 468
Release: 2014-03-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9789401703604

M. C. Roco and W.S. Bainbridge In the early decades of the 21st century, concentrated efforts can unify science based on the unity of nature, thereby advancing the combination of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and new technologies based in cognitive science. With proper attention to ethical issues and societal needs, converging in human abilities, societal technologies could achieve a tremendous improvement outcomes, the nation's productivity, and the quality of life. This is a broad, cross cutting, emerging and timely opportunity of interest to individuals, society and humanity in the long term. The phrase "convergent technologies" refers to the synergistic combination of four major "NBIC" (nano-bio-info-cogno) provinces of science and technology, each of which is currently progressing at a rapid rate: (a) nanoscience and nanotechnology; (b) biotechnology and biomedicine, including genetic engineering; (c) information technology, including advanced computing and communications; (d) cognitive science, including cognitive neuroscience. Timely and Broad Opportunity. Convergence of diverse technologies is based on material unity at the nanoscale and on technology integration from that scale.

Comprehensible Science

Comprehensible Science
Author: Tatiana Antipova
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 430
Release: 2021-01-18
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030660931

This proceedings book gathers selected papers that were submitted to the 2020 International Conference on Comprehensible Science (ICCS 2020) that aims to make available the discussion and the publication of papers on all aspects of single and multi-disciplinary research on Conference topics. ICCS 2020 held on October 30–31, 2020. An important characteristic feature of Conference is the short publication time and world-wide distribution. Written by respected researchers, the book covers a range of innovative topics related to: Big Data & Data Mining; Business, Finance & Accounting & Statistics; COVID-19 Impact; Educational Technologies; Innovative Applied Sciences; Innovative Economics; Management Technologies & Systems; Media Technologies; Physical & Material Sciences; Medicine, Public Health & Rehabilitation. This book is useful for private and professional non-commercial research and classroom use (e.g. sharing the contribution by mail or in hard copy form with research colleagues for their professional non-commercial research and classroom use); for use in presentations or handouts for any level students, researchers, etc.; for the further development of authors’ scientific career (e.g. by citing and attaching contributions to job or grant application).

The Fourth Paradigm

The Fourth Paradigm
Author: Anthony J. G. Hey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2009
Genre: Computers
ISBN:

Foreword. A transformed scientific method. Earth and environment. Health and wellbeing. Scientific infrastructure. Scholarly communication.

Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction

Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction
Author: Yuri Bazilevs
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2013-01-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 111848357X

Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction: Methods and Applications takes the reader from the fundamentals of computational fluid and solid mechanics to the state-of-the-art in computational FSI methods, special FSI techniques, and solution of real-world problems. Leading experts in the field present the material using a unique approach that combines advanced methods, special techniques, and challenging applications. This book begins with the differential equations governing the fluid and solid mechanics, coupling conditions at the fluid–solid interface, and the basics of the finite element method. It continues with the ALE and space–time FSI methods, spatial discretization and time integration strategies for the coupled FSI equations, solution techniques for the fully-discretized coupled equations, and advanced FSI and space–time methods. It ends with special FSI techniques targeting cardiovascular FSI, parachute FSI, and wind-turbine aerodynamics and FSI. Key features: First book to address the state-of-the-art in computational FSI Combines the fundamentals of computational fluid and solid mechanics, the state-of-the-art in FSI methods, and special FSI techniques targeting challenging classes of real-world problems Covers modern computational mechanics techniques, including stabilized, variational multiscale, and space–time methods, isogeometric analysis, and advanced FSI coupling methods Is in full color, with diagrams illustrating the fundamental concepts and advanced methods and with insightful visualization illustrating the complexities of the problems that can be solved with the FSI methods covered in the book. Authors are award winning, leading global experts in computational FSI, who are known for solving some of the most challenging FSI problems Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction: Methods and Applications is a comprehensive reference for researchers and practicing engineers who would like to advance their existing knowledge on these subjects. It is also an ideal text for graduate and senior-level undergraduate courses in computational fluid mechanics and computational FSI.

Homogeneous Turbulence Dynamics

Homogeneous Turbulence Dynamics
Author: Pierre Sagaut
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 912
Release: 2018-03-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319731629

This book provides state-of-the-art results and theories in homogeneous turbulence, including anisotropy and compressibility effects with extension to quantum turbulence, magneto-hydodynamic turbulence and turbulence in non-newtonian fluids. Each chapter is devoted to a given type of interaction (strain, rotation, shear, etc.), and presents and compares experimental data, numerical results, analysis of the Reynolds stress budget equations and advanced multipoint spectral theories. The role of both linear and non-linear mechanisms is emphasized. The link between the statistical properties and the dynamics of coherent structures is also addressed. Despite its restriction to homogeneous turbulence, the book is of interest to all people working in turbulence, since the basic physical mechanisms which are present in all turbulent flows are explained. The reader will find a unified presentation of the results and a clear presentation of existing controversies. Special attention is given to bridge the results obtained in different research communities. Mathematical tools and advanced physical models are detailed in dedicated chapters.