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| Author | : Martha De Melo |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 84 |
| Release | : 1994-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780821327975 |
Studies of Economies in Transformation Paper 11. The service industry is the largest and most dynamic sector of the newly emerging private sector in St. Petersburg. Little is known, however, about the entrepreneurs and firms in this sector or about
| Author | : Ira W. Lieberman |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 270 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780821339473 |
IFC Discussion Paper No. 32. Over the years, demand for education at all levels in Kenya has greatly outpaced supply, a gap that has been reduced by private schools catering to the needs of a wide range of socioeconomic groups. This gap will widen further unless the private sectors role is expanded, but private educational institutions face a number of serious constraints, primarily stemming from lack of adequate finance and, in many cases, limited management skills. This paper reviews the market and its constraints and focuses on conditions under which private financial institutions and the International Finance Corporation might play a useful role in the sector. Annexes include 1996 operating costs of Kenya's academic, technical, and vocational schools.
| Author | : Peter D. Ehrenhaft |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 80 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780821339169 |
Over the past 15 years, the availability of cheap and convenient microcomputers has changed the collection methods and analysis of household survey data in developing countries, making the data available within months, rather than years. Simultaneously, analysts have become more interested in exploring ways in which such data may be used to inform and improve the steps involved in policymaking. This book reviews the analysis of household survey data, including the construction of household surveys, the econometric tools that are the most useful for such analysis, and a range of problems in development policy for which the econometric analysis of household surveys is useful and informative. The author's approach remains close to the data, relying on transparent econometric and graphical techniques to present the data so that policy and academic debates are clearly informed. The author illustrates the analysis through examples of policy issues from several countries, including Cote d'Ivoire, India, Pakistan, Taiwan (China), and Thailand. Two introductory chapters discuss the content and construction of surveys, as well as the econometric methods that can be used with survey data. Survey design and sampling are covered in some detail, as are the effect of survey design on the calculation of statistics and the estimation of parameters. A chapter on econometrics explores issues such as heteroskedasticity, sample selection, and instrumental variables. Four chapters focus on poverty and inequality, demand analysis and intrahousehold allocation, price and tax reform, and savings. Each chapter presents a self-contained development of the topic, introduces the important empirical issues, and provides substantive results. The book also includes the computer code used to calculate the results so that readers can adapt the methods to yield similar results for other data
| Author | : Jeffrey Hass |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 2011-04-20 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1136728155 |
Advancing cutting-edge sociological theory and using unique data on everyday economic life, this book examines the centrality of power, culture, and practice in Russian post-socialist change - and provides a framework for addressing general economic change. The book is aimed to faculty and students in sociology, political science, economics, and area studies.
| Author | : Simon Commander |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 1996-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780821337257 |
Considers the achievements and challenges facing East Asia's workers. The report reviews labor outcomes and evaluates the benefits of rapid growth to workers and the impact that the region's role in the global economy has had on them. It also examines labor market policies and institutions in the region, labor in the transition economies, and the outlook for East Asian workers in the 21st century. Also available: World Development Report 1995: Workers in an Integrating World Stock no. 61102 (ISBN 0-19-521102-2).
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 534 |
| Release | : 1998-03-02 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780309059299 |
This ground-breaking new volume focuses on the interaction between political, social, and economic change in Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States. It includes a wide selection of analytic papers, thought-provoking essays by leading scholars in diverse fields, and an agenda for future research. It integrates work on the micro and macro levels of the economy and provides a broad overview of the transition process. This volume broadens the current intellectual and policy debate concerning the historic transition now taking place from a narrow concern with purely economic factors to the dynamics of political and social change. It questions the assumption that the post-communist economies are all following the same path and that they will inevitably develop into replicas of economies in the advanced industrial West. It challenges accepted thinking and promotes the utilization of new methods and perspectives.
| Author | : W. Bartley Hildreth |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 1021 |
| Release | : 2019-07-16 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1351564285 |
A groundbreaking reference, this book provides a comprehensive review of tax policy from political, legal, constitutional, administrative, and economic perspectives. A collection of writings from over 45 prominent tax experts, it charts the influence of taxation on economic activity and economic behavior. Featuring over 2400 references, tables, equations, and drawings, the book describes how taxes affect individual and business behavior, shows how taxes operate as work and investment incentives, explains how tax structures impact different income groups, weighs the balanced use of sales, property, and personal income taxes, traces the influence of recent tax changes, and more.
| Author | : Bart?omiej Kami?ski |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 76 |
| Release | : 1996-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780821336113 |
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 323. Presents a framework for evaluating the level and composition of public expenditures. The paper applies the framework to the analysis of intrasectoral allocations within key sectors, intersectoral allocations across sectors, and allocations for major cross-sectoral expenditure categories. It identifies the elements that should be an integral part of an ongoing exercise in analyzing the level and composition of public spending and highlights the importance of the institutional policy environment that determines these allocations and their outcomes.
| Author | : Eric Martinot |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780821340578 |
In the 1990s, the issue of human resource development in Malaysia has gained prominence in public and private policy circles. Discussions center around training policy, where there are concerns about acute labor shortages, and around industrial development policy, which strives to maintain a skilled and well-trained workforce to increase competitiveness and attract foreign direct investment. But policymakers have been forced to make critical decisions on resource allocation and to design policies without access to comprehensive training data, especially from the private sector. This usually results in supply-oriented policies stemming from mismatches between skills supplied by public training institutions and those actually needed by industry. This report attempts to fill this information gap on private sector training as an aid in formulating training policies that are more demand-driven. The report contains rigorous analysis of private sector-led training and addresses the issue of whether firms in Malaysia underinvest in training. Data came from the Malaysia Economic Planning Units 1994-95 survey and analysis of 2,200 manufacturing firms. The survey elicited information on firm-sponsored training and on a wide range of firm attributes, including size, industry, local or foreign ownership, equipment technology, quality control systems, markets and exports, workforce characteristics, wages and other compensation, and production. The data document, for the first time, the incidence and characteristics of training in Malaysian industry, across firms of different sizes, ownership, and output profiles. The data create an unprecedented opportunity to study the critical links between training, new technology, and quality control. A joint publication of the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, and the Malaysia Economic Planning Unit.
| Author | : Gérard Roland |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 440 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780262681483 |
The transition from socialism to capitalism in former socialist economies has transformed the economic structure. This book provides an overview of research on the issues raised by the shift from collective to private ownership.
