Price Principle And The Environment
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Author | : Mark Sagoff |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 298 |
Release | : 2004-09-06 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521545969 |
Mark Sagoff has written an engaging and provocative book about the contribution economics can make to environmental policy. Sagoff argues that economics can be helpful in designing institutions and processes through which people can settle environmental disputes. However, he contends that economic analysis fails completely when it attempts to attach value to environmental goods. It fails because preference-satisfaction has no relation to any good. Economic valuation lacks data because preferences cannot be observed. Willingness to pay is benchmarked on market price and thus may reflect producer cost not consumer benefit. Moreover, economists cannot second-guess market outcomes because they have no better information than market participants. Mark Sagoff's conclusion is that environmental policy turns on principles that are best identified and applied through political processes. Written with verve and fluency, this book will be eagerly sought out by students and professionals in environmental policy as well as informed general readers.
Author | : Mark Sagoff |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 278 |
Release | : 2007-12-03 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1139468006 |
Mark Sagoff draws on the last twenty years of debate over the foundations of environmentalism in this comprehensive revision of The Economy of the Earth. Posing questions pertinent to consumption, cost-benefit analysis, the normative implications of neo-Darwinism, the role of the natural in national history, and the centrality of the concept of place in environmental ethics, he analyses social policy in relation to the environment, pollution, the workplace, and public safely and health. Sagoff distinguishes ethical from economic questions and explains which kinds of concepts, arguments, and processes are appropriate to each. He offers a critique 'preference' and 'willingness to pay' as measures of value in environmental economics and defends political, cultural, aesthetic, and ethical reasons to protect the natural environment.
Author | : Horst Siebert |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 293 |
Release | : 2013-11-27 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 3662028425 |
"The IIlbor of nature is paid, not because she does little. In proportion as she becomes niggardly in her gifts, she exacts a greater price for her work. Where she is munificently benefi cient, she always works gratis. " David Ricardo * This book interprets nature and the environment as a scarce resource. Whereas in the past people lived in a paradise of environmental superabundance, at present environmental goods and services are no longer in ample supply. The environ ment fulfIlls many functions for the economy: it serves as a public-consumption good, as a provider of natural resources, and as receptacle of wastes. These dif ferent functions compete with each other. Releasing more pollutants into the environment reduces environmental quality, and a better environmental quality implies that the environment's use as a receptacle of wastes has to be restrained. Consequently, environmental disruption and environmental use are by nature allocation problems. This is the basic message of this book. If a resources is scarce and if a zero price is charged for its use, then misal location will result. The environment as a receptacle of wastes is heavily over used, and consequently environmental quality declines. Scarcity requires a price. This book analyzes how this price should be set, whether a correct price can be established through the market mechanism, and what role the government should play. The book offers a theoretical study of the allocation problem and describes different policy approaches to the environmental problem.
Author | : Frank Ackerman |
Publisher | : ReadHowYouWant.com |
Total Pages | : 358 |
Release | : 2010-10 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1459604253 |
As clinical as it sounds to express the value of human lives, health, or the environment in cold dollars and cents, cost-benefit analysis requires it. More disturbingly, this approach is being embraced by a growing number of politicians and conservative pundits as the most reasonable way to make many policy decisions regarding public health and the environment. By systematically refuting the economic algorithms and illogical assumptions that cost-benefit analysts flaunt as fact, Priceless tells a ''gripping story about how solid science has been shoved to the backburner by bean counters with ideological blinders'' (In These Times). Ackerman and Heinzerling argue that decisions about health and safety should be made ''to reflect not economists' numbers, but democratic values, chosen on moral grounds. This is a vividly written book, punctuated by striking analogies, a good deal of outrage, and a nice dose of humor'' (Cass Sunstein, The New Republic). Essential reading for anyone concerned with the future of human health and environmental protection, Priceless ''shines a bright light on obstacles that stand in the way of good government decisions''.
Author | : Steven Kelman |
Publisher | : Praeger Pub Text |
Total Pages | : 170 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780865690820 |
Sets forth in a straightforward and sensible way the philosophical reasons for the non-economist's skepticism of the economist's view of the world. Its relevance extends beyond environmental issues to other areas where microeconomic theory is being applied to public policy. Kelman cites results to confirm his view that both opponents and supporters of economic incentives have important philosophical concerns. He takes the role of an advocate of the use of incentives in formulating an environmental policy. He also discusses political strategy from the point of view of the policy entrepreneur who is trying to get ideas adopted. Economists and non-economists alike will welcome this book as a bridge over a perceptual gap in an important area of policymaking.
Author | : Henk Folmer |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 824 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
New edition of a text in which Folmer (Wageningen U. and Tilburg U.) and Gabel (INSEAD, France) present 22 contributions that offer both an introduction to the economic causes and consequences of environmental and resource problems and an assessment of recent developments in environmental policy instruments and corporate responses to environmental problems. The first part gives a broad overview of the misallocation problems in a market economy and analyzes the implications of policy and the problems involved in valuation. Subsequent articles provide further insights into topics such as international trade and environmental policy, social accounting, green taxation, waste management, and the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author | : Nathaniel O. Keohane |
Publisher | : Island Press |
Total Pages | : 328 |
Release | : 2016-01-05 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1610916077 |
"A clear grasp of economics is essential to understanding why environmental problems arise and how we can address them. ... Now thoroughly revised with updated information on current environmental policy and real-world examples of market-based instruments .... The authors provide a concise yet thorough introduction to the economic theory of environmental policy and natural resource management. They begin with an overview of environmental economics before exploring topics including cost-benefit analysis, market failures and successes, and economic growth and sustainability. Readers of the first edition will notice new analysis of cost estimation as well as specific market instruments, including municipal water pricing and waste disposal. Particular attention is paid to behavioral economics and cap-and-trade programs for carbon."--Publisher's web site.
Author | : Tuula Honkonen |
Publisher | : Kluwer Law International B.V. |
Total Pages | : 434 |
Release | : 2009-01-01 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9041131531 |
Built in to every multilateral environmental agreement is a dilemma: how to incorporate justice and fairness on the one hand and effectiveness on the other. Our immense difficulty in meeting this two-edged imperative highlights the fact that we are, at best, at an early stage in the development of international environmental ethics, and that no coherent and effective ethical system yet exists in this context. This remarkable book starts from a conviction that the principle of common but differentiated responsibility (CBDR) offers the best way forward toward the much-desired goal of sustainable development. Presenting a full-scale, multidisciplinary assessment of the feasibility of the principle of CBDR in multilateral environmental agreements, encompassing legal and policy status perspectives as well as historical developments and future prospects, this study identifies issues and aspects in the theoretical and practical application of the CBDR principle. The author responds with in-depth knowledge and awareness to such specific questions as the following: What does the principle of common but differentiated responsibility entail in international environmental law, with special reference to international environmental treaties? How is the principle reflected in the burden-sharing design of current agreements? What problems and challenges does the practical application of the CBDR principle present to the international community and individual countries as well as to the international environmental regimes themselves? What factors should be taken into account when assessing the success or failure of the principle? What is the status of the principle in international environmental law (currently and possibly in the future), and what are its implications in the broader international context? The author examines methods for differentiation from both theoretical and actual treaty-level viewpoints. She offers examples from the negotiation history of international environmental treaties to shed light on the importance of information-sharing and wide participation during the negotiations. Recognizing that, in the international environmental field, problems of economic development and the geopolitics of global wealth distribution soon come to the fore, and that each stateands right to development should not be too heavily restricted under international environmental regimes, she demonstrates that the CBDR principle has a strong potential to formally integrate the environment and development at the international level. The study will be of immeasurable value in promoting understanding of how CBDR actually works. It will help lawyers and policymakers perceive how different parties want to use the principle, and to discern clearly what options could be chosen by the parties, which aspects are crucial, and what factors influence the effectiveness of the arrangements.
Author | : Nick Hanley |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 361 |
Release | : 2009-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 184980205X |
An impressive piece of work that deserves to be on every European agricultural economist s bookshelf. Jean-Christophe Bureau, European Review of Agricultural Economics This is an excellent text that could be used in specialist academic courses in environmental and natural resource economics, ecological economics and cost benefit analysis, as well as in interdisciplinary courses in public policy, planning and environmental management. David James, Australasian Journal of Environmental Management Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) is one of the most useful tools of applied economics for the social appraisal of public projects and government policies. Nick Hanley and Edward Barbier show how CBA can be applied to environmental policy choice and environmental resource management. They cover the conceptual underpinnings of CBA, practical methods for applying CBA, and a wide range of case study applications from Europe, North America and developing countries. Issues such as the value of ecosystem services and the special problems posed for CBA by environmental management are brought into close focus. The textbook is aimed at students on inter-disciplinary courses as well as those studying environmental economics, welfare economics and public policy. It will also be of interest to people in the policy community, NGOs and consultancy sectors.
Author | : Ludwig Krämer |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Environmental law |
ISBN | : 9781785365652 |
Environmental law principles, such as the polluter pays, the precautionary principle or the common but differentiated responsibilities, have had a very important function in the shaping and evolution of the young sector of environmental law which has developed over the last fifty years. Yet, their status, content, binding force and functions in law remain largely uncertain. Forming a key part of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law, this book examines the facets of environmental principles in international, national and regional law, as applied in different parts of the world and by a variety of courts. It assembles more than fifty contributions from all continents which clarify that, as the environment itself has no voice and cannot express its concerns, there is an overriding importance of scholars' active discussion of environmental principles. The book demonstrates that the necessity to preserve this planet requires a continuous, democratic discussion of values, objectives and concepts which are expressed in the numerous and continuously evolving environmental principles.