Railroad abandonment applications submitted to the I.C.C. for disposition have traditionally been supported by substantial evidence accumulated by the railroads' legal staffs. Individual users and communities faced with the loss of railroad service have lacked the organization and expertise to present effective counter arguments. In order to attain a more even balance between contending parties, abandonment proceedings should consider the impacts on shippers, consumer prices, industrial development, other transport modes, and the environment. In this report, issues in these areas are examined from the viewpoint of transport economics and technology, business logistics, and industrial location theory. The report presents recommendations concerning the organization of the analysis process. In particular, effective analysis requires coordination of all of the evidence, preferably by qualified personnel at the regional or state level who would develop expertise in this area.