Predictive Modelling of Directed Evolution for De-novo Design of Solid Binding Peptides

Predictive Modelling of Directed Evolution for De-novo Design of Solid Binding Peptides
Author: Saransh Shreepal Jain
Publisher:
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:

Genetically engineered polypeptides for inorganics are the solid binding polypeptides designed to exploit their molecular specificity and binding affinity towards certain inorganic material surfaces. These solid binding polypeptides are selected using combinatorial methods such as phage display. These selections need to be optimized using directed evolution. Directed evolution involves the application of the molecular insights gained from the previous methods to evolve the activities of extant peptides and proteins. In the current thesis, we have identified quantitative amino acid properties from the biopanning data for predicting directed evolution trends. We have also trained machine learning models for the modelling of the binding behaviours of 12 amino acid length MoS2 binding peptides, and for the de-novo design of sequences. Overall, we have developed a simple and efficient methodology for the predictive modelling of directed evolution for de-novo design of solid binding peptides. The protocols developed are expected to impact the technological applications on the peptide-single layer solid based bio/nano soft interfaces such as biosensors, bioelectronics, and potentially also medical applications.

De Novo Peptide Design

De Novo Peptide Design
Author: Vibin Ramakrishnan
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2022-09-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323985432

De novo Peptide Design: Principles and Applications presents the latest developments in the fields of therapeutic peptides and bio-nanotechnology. The title focuses on the design of peptides, particularly how peptides may be tailored to specific functions. It includes computational and experimental protocols to assist in the design of peptides. Sections cover the basics of protein and peptide structure, modeling and simulation, solid phase peptide synthesis, peptide-based antibiotics, drug delivery, peptide nanomaterials, aromatic interactions directing nano-assembly, protein/peptide aggregation, therapeutic interventions against protein/peptide aggregation diseases, peptide based hydrogels, computational tools and algorithms for peptide design, and experimental protocols in peptide chemistry. In addition, the book covers key aspects in peptide design, providing a solution for researchers working within the 'peptidic universe' to create new therapeutic agents. - Gives comprehensive coverage, including peptide design, modeling, synthesis and applications - Presents emerging topics in the design of peptide-based therapeutics - Details the latest developments in the fields of therapeutic peptides and bio-nanotechnology - Considers peptide design and the tailoring of peptides to specific functions - Offers computational tools and algorithms for peptide design and experimental protocols for peptide chemistry

Structure Prediction and Design of Enzymes

Structure Prediction and Design of Enzymes
Author: Stephanie Cynthia Contreras
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN: 9781392859971

Protein engineering has two prevailing strategies: rational design and directed evolution. The method of directed evolution was pioneered by Frances Arnold in the 1990’s. It involves the construction and screening of variant libraries for the identification of mutations, generated randomly, for the improvement of enzymes through an evolutionary strategy (1). Rational design proposes mutations on the basis of structure and biochemical properties for the improvement of enzymes (2). With recent developments in computing power and accessibility of computation, computational protein design has become a popular method in protein engineering. In silico prediction and design of a protein structure presents the challenge of obtaining an accurate energy state of the protein by modeling and sampling a large number of different conformations of atoms (3). Stephen Mayo’s group was the first to successfully overcome this challenge with the de novo protein design of the second zinc finger module of the DNA binding protein Zif268. The successful redesign of this protein was done through the use of their algorithm that implemented the dead-end elimination theorem and use of physical chemistry principles (4). From this pioneering work other programs were developed to address the in silico challenge and resulted in another achievement in the field from David Baker’s group with the development of the biomolecular modeling suite Rosetta. The Baker group showed success with Rosetta by creating a new protein structure of a globular protein whereas previous methods sought to only redesign naturally occurring proteins (5). Rosetta uses a score function based on physical principles and a Monte Carlo search protocol for structure prediction, protein design, and other applications. Since the publication of this designed protein structure, Rosetta has reached many milestones when it comes to structure prediction and design (6). Advancements of computational and experimental methods within the protein engineering field have provided scientists with the tools needed to engineer proteins for use in real-world applications, such as in medicine, biofuels, and the food industry. With the continuous progress and efforts made to improve protein design and structure prediction we can get closer to obtaining more accurate models of engineered and naturally occurring proteins. The research being presented here builds on this progress of both the improvement of structure prediction and the design of novel enzymes.

Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications

Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications
Author: Knud Jensen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 306
Release: 2009-09-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780470749715

Peptides serve as effective drugs in the clinic today. However the inherent drawbacks of peptide structures can limit their efficacy as drugs. To overcome this researchers are developing new methods to create ‘tailor-made’ peptides and proteins with improved pharmacological properties. Design of Peptides and Proteins provides an overview of the experimental and computational methods for peptide and protein design, with an emphasis on specific applications for therapeutics and biomedical research. Topics covered include: Computer modeling of peptides and proteins Peptidomimetics Design and synthesis of cyclic peptides Carbohydrates in peptide and protein design De novo design of peptides and proteins Medical development applications An extended case study – the design of insulin variants Design of Peptides and Proteins presents the state-of-the-art of this exciting approach for therapeutics, with contributions from international experts. It is an essential resource for academic and industrial scientists in the fields of peptide and protein drug design, biomedicine, biochemistry, biophysics, molecular modelling, synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal/pharmaceutical chemistry.

De novo Molecular Design

De novo Molecular Design
Author: Gisbert Schneider
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 540
Release: 2013-10-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3527677038

Systematically examining current methods and strategies, this ready reference covers a wide range of molecular structures, from organic-chemical drugs to peptides, Proteins and nucleic acids, in line with emerging new drug classes derived from biomacromolecules. A leader in the field and one of the pioneers of this young discipline has assembled here the most prominent experts from across the world to provide first-hand knowledge. While most of their methods and examples come from the area of pharmaceutical discovery and development, the approaches are equally applicable for chemical probes and diagnostics, pesticides, and any other molecule designed to interact with a biological system. Numerous images and screenshots illustrate the many examples and method descriptions. With its broad and balanced coverage, this will be the firststop resource not only for medicinal chemists, biochemists and biotechnologists, but equally for bioinformaticians and molecular designers for many years to come. From the content: * Reaction-driven de novo design * Adaptive methods in molecular design * Design of ligands against multitarget profiles * Free energy methods in ligand design * Fragment-based de novo design * Automated design of focused and target family-oriented compound libraries * Molecular de novo design by nature-inspired computing * 3D QSAR approaches to de novo drug design * Bioisosteres in de novo design * De novo design of peptides, proteins and nucleic acid structures, including RNA aptamers and many more.

Data-driven Design of Spontaneously-organized Super-peptides on Atomic Single Layer Solids

Data-driven Design of Spontaneously-organized Super-peptides on Atomic Single Layer Solids
Author: Swapil Paliwal
Publisher:
Total Pages: 77
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

Rational design and analysis of protein databanks via data-driven algorithms have significantly accelerated drug discovery, in particular, and a wide range of biological research topics, in general, during last decades. A similar approach is gaining momentum in materials research but has garnered limited attention in areas such as the design of soft interfaces formed by solid-binding peptides at solid materials interfaces. The GEMSEC Laboratory (Genetically-Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center) has been working towards expanding this strategy in materials research via the development of peptide-based bioelectronic interfaces incorporating solid-binding peptides and single layer materials and, thereby, bridge biology to solid-state devices such as graphene field-effect transistors. We are presented with a challenge in peptide-based materials design as, in general, a vast store of relevant data is not available in materials science that is similar to protein databanks that are available in fields such as molecular biology. Thus, there is need for a knowledge-base, but that requires decades of research to draw on. In the present research, this was accounted by utilizing an innovative integration of combinatorial selection of solid-binding peptides, their rational design and bioinformatics based approach to model specific peptide-material interactions. From a data-base of 10s if not hundreds of peptides selected by this approach, the basis of the present method is to generate libraries of materials specific super-peptides that can attach, assemble and perform specific functions on atomically-flat material surfaces. As solid-state systems, single atomic layer materials, such as graphene and those that provide flat surfaces, such as quartz, have been chosen. Using these libraries, peptides that are capable of binding to their counterpart solid material of interest can be identified by performing combinatorial selection based on phage display approach. Typically, 50+ individual peptides are selected from of an original pool of ~1015 variants, which are then classified based on their binding strength using, e.g., fluorescent microscopy. Needleman-Wunsch based similarity analysis and machine learning algorithms are then used to create a scoring matrix capable of identifying robust and weak binders for the particular material amongst millions of random permutations of amino acid sequences in the peptides. The most powerful of these binders are fed into a decision-tree based rational design consisting of selection rules on hydropathicity, iconicity, aromaticity, and polarity of peptides identified to be capable of self-assembly from the previously conduted experiments. This process filters peptides and identifies those that are capable of strongly binding to as well as readily assembling on the atomically flat solid crystals. These model-based designed peptide sequences are then chemically synthesized and subsequently evaluated experimentally in terms of their binding and assembly characteristics using, e.g., atomic force microscopy to validate the success of the predictive model. As the experimental data become available in the assembly of the peptides under specific experimental parameters that are related to the particular chemistry of the sequences, the approach progressively creates a better outcome. Consequently, the model upon each experimental validation is further improvised and provides further knowledge and supply related sequences to the library to advance peptide-guided functional solid-state materials for practical nanotechnology and nanomedicine applications.

Computational Protein Design

Computational Protein Design
Author: Ilan Samish
Publisher: Humana
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2016-12-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781493966356

The aim this volume is to present the methods, challenges, software, and applications of this widespread and yet still evolving and maturing field. Computational Protein Design, the first book with this title, guides readers through computational protein design approaches, software and tailored solutions to specific case-study targets. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Computational Protein Design aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.

Modeling Peptide-Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols

Modeling Peptide-Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols
Author: Ora Schueler-Furman
Publisher: Methods in Molecular Biology
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2019-03-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781493983025

This volume covers an array of techniques available for studying peptide-protein docking and design. The book is divided into four sections: peptide binding site prediction; peptide-protein docking; prediction and design of peptide binding specificity; and the design of inhibitory peptides. The chapters in Modeling Peptide-Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols cover topics such as the usage of ACCLUSTER and PeptiMap for peptide binding site prediction; AnchorDock and ATTRACT for blind, flexible docking of peptides to proteins; flexible peptide docking using HADDOCK and FlexPepDock; identifying loop-mediated protein-protein interactions using LoopFinder; and protein-peptide interaction design using PinaColada. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary details for successful application of the different approaches and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, as well as tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Modeling Peptide-Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols provides a diverse and unified overview of this rapidly advancing field of major interest and applicability.

Therapeutic Antibody Engineering

Therapeutic Antibody Engineering
Author: William R Strohl
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 697
Release: 2012-10-16
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1908818093

The field of antibody engineering has become a vital and integral part of making new, improved next generation therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, of which there are currently more than 300 in clinical trials across several therapeutic areas. Therapeutic antibody engineering examines all aspects of engineering monoclonal antibodies and analyses the effect that various genetic engineering approaches will have on future candidates. Chapters in the first part of the book provide an introduction to monoclonal antibodies, their discovery and development and the fundamental technologies used in their production. Following chapters cover a number of specific issues relating to different aspects of antibody engineering, including variable chain engineering, targets and mechanisms of action, classes of antibody and the use of antibody fragments, among many other topics. The last part of the book examines development issues, the interaction of human IgGs with non-human systems, and cell line development, before a conclusion looking at future issues affecting the field of therapeutic antibody engineering. - Goes beyond the standard engineering issues covered by most books and delves into structure-function relationships - Integration of knowledge across all areas of antibody engineering, development, and marketing - Discusses how current and future genetic engineering of cell lines will pave the way for much higher productivity

Computational Design of Ligand Binding Proteins

Computational Design of Ligand Binding Proteins
Author: Barry L. Stoddard
Publisher: Humana
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2016-04-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781493935673

This volume provides a collection of protocols and approaches for the creation of novel ligand binding proteins, compiled and described by many of today's leaders in the field of protein engineering. Chapters focus on modeling protein ligand binding sites, accurate modeling of protein-ligand conformational sampling, scoring of individual docked solutions, structure-based design program such as ROSETTA, protein engineering, and additional methodological approaches. Examples of applications include the design of metal-binding proteins and light-induced ligand binding proteins, the creation of binding proteins that also display catalytic activity, and the binding of larger peptide, protein, DNA and RNA ligands. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.