Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms

Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms
Author: Juan A. Morales-Ramos
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 642
Release: 2022-09-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128221488

Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens, Second Edition explores the latest advancements and technologies for large-scale rearing and manipulation of natural enemies while presenting ways of improving success rate, predictability of biological control procedures, and demonstrating their safe and effective use. Organized into three sections, Parasitoids and Predators, Pathogens, and Invertebrates for Other Applications, this second edition contains important new information on production technology of predatory mites and hymenopteran parasitoids for biological control, application of insects in the food industry and production methods of insects for feed and food, and production of bumble bees for pollination.Beneficial organisms include not only insect predators and parasitoids, but also mite predators, nematodes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. In the past two decades, tremendous advances have been achieved in developing technology for producing these organisms. Despite that and the globally growing research and interest in biological control and biotechnology applications, commercialization of these technologies is still in progress. This is an essential reference and teaching tool for researchers in developed and developing countries working to produce “natural enemies in biological control and integrated pest management programs. Highlights the most advanced and current techniques for mass production of beneficial organisms and methods of evaluation and quality assessment Presents methods for developing artificial diets and reviews the evaluation and assurance of the quality of mass-produced arthropods Provides an outlook of the growing industry of insects as food and feed and describes methods for mass producing the most important insect species used as animal food and food ingredients

True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics

True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics
Author: Antônio R. Panizzi
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 904
Release: 2015-09-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401798613

True bugs (Heteroptera) are a diverse and complex group of plant-feeding and predatory insects important to food production, human health, the global economy and the environment. Within the nearly 43,000 species described around the world, Neotropical true bugs are particularly diverse, and much remains to be discovered about their biology and relations with other species. Inspired by the need for a comprehensive assessment, True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics is the most complete and thorough review ever published. Experts in each of the seven infraorders have drawn together the scattered literature to provide detailed treatments of each major taxon. The most common and important species as well as select lesser known species in each major family are covered, highlighting morphology, classification, biology and ecology. The numerous color illustrations highlight key species and their adaptations, and importance to basic and applied sciences is discussed. Each chapter is based on an up-to-date review of the literature, and with a bibliography of more than 3,000 references, readers are presented with an unprecedented and vital and timely account of the true bugs of the Neotropical Region.

Biology of the Plant Bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Biology of the Plant Bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Author: Alfred George Wheeler
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Total Pages: 558
Release: 2001
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9780801438271

Plant bugs--Miridae, the largest family of the Heteroptera, or true bugs--are globally important pests of crops such as alfalfa, apple, cocoa, cotton, sorghum, and tea. Some also are predators of crop pests and have been used successfully in biological control. Certain omnivorous plant bugs have been considered both harmful pests and beneficial natural enemies of pests on the same crop, depending on environmental conditions or the perspective of an observer.As high-yielding varieties that lack pest resistance are planted, mirids are likely to become even more important crop pests. They also threaten crops as insecticide resistance in the family increases, and as the spread of transgenic crops alters their populations. Predatory mirids are increasingly used as biocontrol agents, especially of greenhouse pests such as thrips and whiteflies. Mirids provide abundant opportunities for research on food webs, intraguild predation, and competition.Recent worldwide activity in mirid systematics and biology testifies to increasing interest in plant bugs. The first thorough review and synthesis of biological studies of mirids in more than 60 years, Biology of the Plant Bugs will serve as the basic reference for anyone studying these insects as pests, beneficial IPM predators, or as models for ecological research.

Heteroptera of Economic Importance

Heteroptera of Economic Importance
Author: Carl W. Schaefer
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 852
Release: 2000-07-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1420041851

Heteropterans regularly cause a wide variety and large number of problems for humans - at times on a catastrophic scale. The 37,000 described species of this suborder including many pests, disease transmitters, and nuisances exist worldwide, inflicting damage on crops, forests, orchards, and human life. Inspired by the widespread economic impact of

Worldwide Predatory Insects in Agroecosystems

Worldwide Predatory Insects in Agroecosystems
Author: Kitherian Sahayaraj
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 868
Release: 2023-11-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9819910005

This book brings out the world record of various predatory insects and their role in pestiferous insect management in a safer manner. The main focus of the book is to address the ecological and environmentally safe methods of managing pests of various crops. The utilization of various types of chemical pesticides for our crop protection and food production leads to environmental concerns and health hazards to plants and animals. This book mainly focuses on the distribution and diversity of various predatory insects in different crops. It also sellout the bionomics, biological control potential at a laboratory, controlled fields and natural conditions. Moreover, mass production technology and environmental safety aspects are also highlighted in various chapters. This book is of interest and useful to undergraduates, post-graduates, research scholars and doctoral candidates, extension workers, and agricultural professionals, and also a valuable source of reference to the relevant researchers and students in the region.

Drugs from Bugs

Drugs from Bugs
Author: Maike Fischer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023*
Genre:
ISBN:

The true bugs (Heteroptera) represent a hyper-diverse suborder of insects that inhabit a wide range of habitats around the world. They inject protein-rich saliva into their food, pre-digest it, and take up the liquefied components. Predatory Heteroptera have evolved venomous saliva, which enables them to overwhelm, kill and pre-digest animal prey, in some cases many times larger than themselves. However, the protein composition and activity of most true bug venoms is unknown and their role in the adaptation of true bugs to new ecological niches has not been studied in detail. This thesis aims to identify differences in venom composition, activity and deployment between heteropteran species occupying different ecological niches, using a proteotranscriptomic and bioassay-based approach. It shows that venom composition and activity differ interspecifically and likely reflect adaptions to the microhabitat, feeding style and foraging strategy of different heteropteran species. More in-depth analysis of venom from the African assassin bug Psytalla horrida, using cation-exchange chromatography and bioassays, revealed that redulysins and the uncharacterized venom protein family 2 play a key role in antimicrobial defense, prey overwhelming, prey killing and/or liquefaction. This work contributes to a better understanding of the ecology of predatory Heteroptera and provides new insights into venom functions and novel compounds.