Poor Representation

Poor Representation
Author: Kristina C. Miler
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 237
Release: 2018-09-20
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1108473504

The poor are grossly underrepresented in Congress both overall and by individual legislators, even those who represent high-poverty districts.

Who Speaks for the Poor?

Who Speaks for the Poor?
Author: Karen Long Jusko
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 219
Release: 2017-08-29
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1108419887

Explains cross-national differences in the political and partisan representation of low-income voters, focusing attention on the electoral geography of income.

Poor Representation

Poor Representation
Author: Kristina C. Miler
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 237
Release: 2018-09-20
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 110868257X

Tens of millions of Americans live in poverty, but this book reveals that they receive very little representation in Congress. While a burgeoning literature examines the links between political and economic inequality, this book is the first to comprehensively examine the poor as a distinct constituency. Drawing on three decades of data on political speeches, party platforms, and congressional behavior, Miler first shows that, contrary to what many believe, the poor are highly visible to legislators. Yet, the poor are grossly underrepresented when it comes to legislative activity, both by Congress as a whole and by individual legislators, even those who represent high-poverty districts. To take up their issues in Congress, the poor must rely on a few surrogate champions who have little district connection to poverty but view themselves as broader advocates and often see poverty from a racial or gender-based perspective.

Poverty and Power

Poverty and Power
Author: Douglas R. Imig
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Total Pages: 188
Release: 1996-01-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780803225008

During the 1980s the rich got richer while the poor got poorer. In 1981 alone, 70 percent of the $35 billion cut from the federal budget came from programs for the poor. Although the disparity in incomes has been widely reported, the efforts of antipoverty activists and groups combating the Reagan/Bush agenda have largely been overlooked. Poverty and Power follows the rise, decline, and partial resurgence of poor Americans’ representation from the War on Poverty to the Reagan Revolution. Drawing on personal interviews and financial reports, Douglas R. Imig examines the political activity and organizational crises of antipoverty groups including the Center on Social Welfare Policy and Law, the Food Research and Action Center, the Community Nutrition Institute, Bread for the World, the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, and the Children’s Defense Fund. His findings delineate how electoral policy and economic change in the 1980s posed a direct threat to the welfare of the poor, and suggest reasons why no massive mobilization for social justice emerged. Still, the dogged efforts of advocates and activists culminated in the passage of the 1987 McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, the first positive federal intervention into domestic social policy since the Reagan inauguration. Imig helps us understand the complex relationships between opportunity and action that characterize all social movements.

Representations of Global Poverty

Representations of Global Poverty
Author: Nandita Dogra
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2013-09-30
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0857722492

Through the efforts of increasingly media-aware NGOs, people in the west are bombarded with images of poverty and inequality in the developing world. Representations of Poverty is the first comprehensive study of the communications and imagery used by international NGOs to represent the developing world. In this meticulously researched and original book, Nandita Dogra examines the full cycle of representation - integrating analyses of the public messages of international development NGOs in the UK with the views of their staff and audiences. Exploring the Europeanised discourses inherent in appeals to this notion of a 'common humanity', she argues for a greater acknowledgment of NGOs as significant mediating institutions which can expand understandings of global inequalities and their historical causation. The book is a timely addition to the growing fields of development and media studies and will be a key resource for academics, policymakers and practitioners alike who have an interest in global poverty, aid, NGOs, and the politics of representation.

Model Rules of Professional Conduct

Model Rules of Professional Conduct
Author: American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Publisher: American Bar Association
Total Pages: 216
Release: 2007
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9781590318737

The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

Putting Inequality in Context

Putting Inequality in Context
Author: Christopher Ellis
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2021-03-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0472902512

Rising income inequality is highlighted as one of the largest challenges facing the United States, affecting civic participation and political representation. Although the wealthy often can and do exert more political influence, this is not always the case. To fix political inequality, it is important to understand exactly how class divisions manifest themselves in political outcomes, and what factors serve to enhance, or depress, inequalities in political voice. Christopher Ellis argues citizens’—and legislators’—views of class politics are driven by lived experience in particular communities. While some experience is formally political, on an informal basis citizens learn a great deal about their position in the broader socioeconomic spectrum and the social norms governing how class intersects with day-to-day life. These factors are important for policymakers, since most legislators do not represent “the public” at large, but specific constituencies. Focusing on U.S. congressional districts as the contextual unit of interest, Ellis argues individuals’ political behavior cannot be separated from their environment, and shows how income’s role in political processes is affected by the contexts in which citizens and legislators interact. Political inequality exists in the aggregate, but it does not exist everywhere. It is, rather, a function of specific arrangements that depress the political influence of the poor. Identifying and understanding these factors is a crucial step in thinking about what reforms might be especially helpful in enhancing equality of political voice.

Framing Class

Framing Class
Author: Diana Elizabeth Kendall
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 311
Release: 2011
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1442202238

Class action in the media -- Twenty-four-karat gold frames : lifestyles of the rich and famous -- Gilded cages : media stories of how the mighty have fallen -- Fragile frames : the poor and homeless -- Tarnished metal frames : the working class and the working poor -- Splintered wooden frames : the middle class -- Framing class, vicarious living, and conspicuous consumption.

Who Speaks for the Poor?

Who Speaks for the Poor?
Author: Karen Long Jusko
Publisher:
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2017
Genre: Electoral geography
ISBN: 9781108329606

Who Speaks for the Poor? explains why parties represent some groups and not others. This book focuses attention on the electoral geography of income, and how it has changed over time, to account for cross-national differences in the political and partisan representation of low-income voters. Jusko develops a general theory of new party formation that shows how changes in the geographic distribution of groups across electoral districts create opportunities for new parties to enter elections, especially where changes favor groups previously excluded from local partisan networks. Empirical evidence is drawn first from a broadly comparative analysis of all new party entry and then from a series of historical case studies, each focusing on the strategic entry incentives of new low-income peoples' parties. Jusko offers a new explanation for the absence of a low-income people's party in the USA and a more general account of political inequality in contemporary democratic societies.