Concrete-polymer Materials for Geothermal Applications. Progress Report No. 7, October--December 1975

Concrete-polymer Materials for Geothermal Applications. Progress Report No. 7, October--December 1975
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1975
Genre:
ISBN:

The availability of durable and economic materials of construction for handling hot brine and steam is a serious problem in the development of geothermal energy. The standard grouting materials used to cement well casings into the ground are severely attacked by brine and steam at temperatures>200°C. Progress in the research program to determine if concrete--polymer composite materials can be utilized in geothermal power systems, initiated in April 1974, is reported. (WHK).

Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers

Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers
Author: Carl Branan
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Total Pages: 438
Release: 2002
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780750675673

Fractionators, separators and accumulators, cooling towers, gas treating, blending, troubleshooting field cases, gas solubility, and density of irregular solids * Hundreds of common sense techniques, shortcuts, and calculations.

Applicability of Concrete Polymer Materials for Use in Geothermal Environments

Applicability of Concrete Polymer Materials for Use in Geothermal Environments
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1977
Genre:
ISBN:

The feasibility of using concrete polymer composites as materials of construction for handling hot brine was demonstrated in 1972. The results from these tests indicated that the composites had long-term stability in seawater at 177°C and in acid solutions. Since then the work has been extended to develop materials for use in geothermal systems. To date, high temperature polymer concrete systems have been formulated, and laboratory and field tests performed in brine, flashing brine, and steam at temperatures up to 240°C. Results are available from field exposures of up to 12 months in four geothermal environments. Testing at two other sites is in progress. Good durability is indicated. Based upon these results, potential applications in geothermal processes have been identified.

Alternate Materials of Construction for Geothermal Applications. Progress Report No. 15, October 1977--March 1978

Alternate Materials of Construction for Geothermal Applications. Progress Report No. 15, October 1977--March 1978
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1978
Genre:
ISBN:

A program to determine if non-metallic materials such as polymers, concrete polymer composites, and refractory cements can be utilized as materials of construction in geothermal processes is in progress. To date, several high temperature polymer concrete systems have been formulated, laboratory and field tests performed in brine, flashing brine, and steam at temperatures up to 260°C (500°F), and economic studies started. Laboratory data for exposure times> 2 years are available. Test results indicate that polymer concrete (PC) containing mixtures of styrene--acrylonitrile--acrylamide or methacrylamide produces composites with the best high temperature and chemical resistance obtained to date. The results show that the use of a 12 wt % concentration of a 55 wt % styrene--35 wt % acrylonitrile--5 wt % acrylamide--5 wt % trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate monomer mixture in conjunction with 88 wt % of a 70 wt % silica sand--30 wt % Portland cement aggregate produces a composite with a compressive strength at 20°C (68°F) in the range 25,000 to 30,000 psi. The PC is thermally stable to approximately 240°C (464°F). Results are also available from field exposures of up to 24 months in four geothermal environments. Good durability is indicated. Work at four of these sites is continuing, and plans to initiate tests at other sites are being implemented.