Polymer Based Mesoporous Carbons
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| Author | : Joanna Gorka |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 174 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Mesoporous materials |
| ISBN | : |
The organic-organic self-assembly of phenolic resins and triblock copolymers, under acidic conditions, was used to synthesize ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) and carbon-based materials. The adsorption and structural properties of these materials were thoroughly studied by nitrogen adsorption, thermogravimetry, XRD and STEM. The first part of this work provides an insight into the self-assembly process under acidic conditions and shows that both the adsorption and structural properties of the polymer-templated OMCs can be easily tuned by varying the synthesis parameters such as the copolymer/carbon precursor ratio, acid concentration, and temperature. The next part covers the organosilane-assisted soft-templating synthesis of OMCs. The effect of the size, structure and concentration of the organosilane used on the mesostructure formation is discussed. In the case of small organosilanes, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), it was possible to obtain uniform silica-carbon mesostructures even with high TEOS loadings. Also, much larger organosilanes such as tris(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) isocyanurate were used, which resulted in OMCs doped with N and Si heteroatoms. Another chapter of this dissertation is devoted to the incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles into carbon mesostructures. Specifically, metal or metal oxide nanoparticles in the form of colloidal solutions can be added to the synthesis mixture. This strategy was demonstrated for the synthesis of mesostructured carbon-based composites with silica and alumina nanoparticles and crystalline alumina nanosheets. The final part of this dissertation is devoted to the enlargement of the specific surface area of the aforementioned carbons and carbon-based composites. It was shown that the surface area of these materials can be increased by adding TEOS into the synthesis of carbons in order to generate additional microporosity, and/or by post-synthesis activation of the resulting carbons with KOH, carbon dioxide or steam. A combination of this strategy with colloidal templating can be used to obtain hierarchically porous carbons with high surface area, at least two types of mesopores (generated by using block copolymer and colloidal silica templates) and enhanced microporosity (achieved by TEOS-assisted synthesis and/or post-synthesis activation).
| Author | : Dongyuan Zhao |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 544 |
| Release | : 2012-11-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527647899 |
Mesoporous materials are a class of molecules with a large and uniform pore size, highly regular nanopores, and a large surface area. This book is devoted to all aspects and types of these materials and describes, in an in-depth and systematic manner, the step-by-step synthesis and its mechanism, as well as the characterization, morphology control, hybridization, and applications, of mesoporous molecular sieves. In so doing, it covers silicates, metal-doped silicates, nonsilicates, and organic-inorganic hybrids. Although the emphasis is on synthesis, the expert authors also discuss characterization and applications, ranging from catalysis and biochemistry to optics and the use of these materials as templates for nanomaterial synthesis. Both the fundamentals and the latest research results are covered, ensuring that this monograph serves as a reference for researchers in and newcomers to the field.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
A mesoporous material prepared by polymerizing a resorcinol/formaldehyde system from an aqueous solution containing resorcinol, formaldehyde and a surfactant and optionally pyrolyzing the polymer to form a primarily carbonaceous solid. The material has an average pore size between 4 and 75 nm and is suitable for use in liquid-phase surface limited applications, including sorbent, catalytic, and electrical applications.
| Author | : An-Hui Lu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business |
| Total Pages | : 253 |
| Release | : 2014-04-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3642546463 |
This multi-authored book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in porous CO2 capture materials, including ionic liquid–derived carbonaceous adsorbents, porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, micro porous organic polymers. It also reviews the sorption techniques such as cyclic uptake and desorption reactions and membrane separations. In each category, the design and fabrication, the comprehensive characterization, the evaluation of CO2 sorption/separation and the sorption/degradation mechanism are highlighted. In addition, the advantages and remaining challenges as well as future perspectives for each porous material are covered. This book is aimed at scientists and graduate students in such fields as separation, carbon, polymer, chemistry, material science and technology, who will use and appreciate this information source in their research. Other specialists may consult specific chapters to find the latest, authoritative reviews. Dr. An-Hui Lu is a Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, China. Dr. Sheng Dai is a Corporate Fellow and Group Leader in the Chemical Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Tennessee, USA.
| Author | : Yuhe Liao |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 498 |
| Release | : 2024-05-31 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527839852 |
Lignin Chemistry A thorough reference guide to Lignin Chemistry, from inherent structure revealing to transformation into chemicals, fuels, and materials Climate change, driven by rising greenhouse gas emissions, is the defining challenge of our time. Reducing our dependence on non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels will require alternative, more sustainable resources. Lignin, the only widely-occurring, renewable, aromatic bio-polymer in Nature, has a range of application potential in the production of chemicals, fuels, and other industrial materials. Lignin science has become one of the fastest-growing and most significant areas of sustainable chemistry in the world. Lignin Chemistry: Characterization, Isolation, and Valorization presents a systematic, multidisciplinary overview of this cutting-edge field and its current state of research. Beginning with a robust characterization of lignin, the book addresses the isolation and transformation of lignin, as well as the book inspires with a plethora of applications. The result is a critical resource for researchers and professionals in any area of academic or industry where renewable biomass, in particular lignin, has importance. Lignin Chemistry readers will find: Thermochemical and catalytic strategies for lignin conversion Detailed discussion of the valorization of lignin towards biopolymers, nanoparticles, carbon fibers and materials, and hydrogels An authorial team with immense and varied research experience Lignin Chemistry is ideal for chemical engineers, catalytic chemists, biochemists, material scientists, and analytical chemists in industry.
| Author | : Biao Kong |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 296 |
| Release | : 2024-01-09 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9819974984 |
This book introduces the synthesis of functional mesoporous carbon-based films and their applications in energy systems. In the last decades, the consumption of fossil fuels has led to many problems such as the energy crisis and climate change. The rapidly increasing energy demands and environmental issues have attracted lots of attention to develop new functional materials for sustainable energy technology. Mesoporous carbon-based films show unique properties and have been regarded as a promising material applied in highly efficient energy storage and conversion systems. Interfacial assembly strategies are usually employed to construct such film devices. In this book, recent developments in synthesis of mesoporous carbon-based film devices through interfacial assembly strategies are illustrated. Additionally, the applications of mesoporous carbon-based film devices for electrochemical energy systems including batteries and electrocatalysis are introduced to demonstrate their potential, as well as describing the mechanisms to enhance the performance of these systems. Finally, some challenges and future outlooks are presented to inspire better development and contributions to this field in coming years. Given its scope, this book appeals to undergraduate students, graduate students, engineers, and researchers involved in related fields.
| Author | : Ruren Xu |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 810 |
| Release | : 2017-02-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0444635955 |
Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry, Second Edition captures, in five distinct sections, the latest advancements in inorganic synthetic chemistry, providing materials chemists, chemical engineers, and materials scientists with a valuable reference source to help them advance their research efforts and achieve breakthroughs. Section one includes six chapters centering on synthetic chemistry under specific conditions, such as high-temperature, low-temperature and cryogenic, hydrothermal and solvothermal, high-pressure, photochemical and fusion conditions. Section two focuses on the synthesis and related chemistry problems of highly distinct categories of inorganic compounds, including superheavy elements, coordination compounds and coordination polymers, cluster compounds, organometallic compounds, inorganic polymers, and nonstoichiometric compounds. Section three elaborates on the synthetic chemistry of five important classes of inorganic functional materials, namely, ordered porous materials, carbon materials, advanced ceramic materials, host-guest materials, and hierarchically structured materials. Section four consists of four chapters where the synthesis of functional inorganic aggregates is discussed, giving special attention to the growth of single crystals, assembly of nanomaterials, and preparation of amorphous materials and membranes. The new edition’s biggest highlight is Section five where the frontier in inorganic synthetic chemistry is reviewed by focusing on biomimetic synthesis and rationally designed synthesis. Focuses on the chemistry of inorganic synthesis, assembly, and organization of wide-ranging inorganic systems Covers all major methodologies of inorganic synthesis Provides state-of-the-art synthetic methods Includes real examples in the organization of complex inorganic functional materials Contains more than 4000 references that are all highly reflective of the latest advancement in inorganic synthetic chemistry Presents a comprehensive coverage of the key issues involved in modern inorganic synthetic chemistry as written by experts in the field
| Author | : Nithin Kundachira Subramani |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 2021-05-28 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128185090 |
Polymer-Based Advanced Functional Composites for Optoelectronic and Energy Applications explains how polymer-based smart composites and nanocomposites can be prepared and utilized for novel optical, sensor and energy-related applications. The book begins with an introductory section on the fundamentals of smart polymer composites, including structure-property relationships and conjugated polymers. Other sections examine optical applications, including the use of polymer-based smart composites for luminescent solar concentrators, electro-chromic applications, light conversion applications, ultraviolet shielding applications, LED encapsulation applications, sensor applications, including gas-sensing, strain sensing, robotics and tactile sensors, with final sections covering energy-related applications, including energy harvesting, conversion, storage, vibrational energy harvesting, and more. This is an essential guide for researchers, scientists and advanced students in smart polymers and materials, polymer science, composites, nanocomposites, electronics and materials science. It is also a valuable book for scientists, R&D professionals and engineers working with products that could utilize smart polymer composites. Provides thorough coverage of the latest pioneering research in the field of polymer-based smart composites Offers an applications-oriented approach, enabling the reader to understand state-of-the-art optical, sensor and energy applications Includes an in-depth introductory section, covering important aspects such as structure-property relationships and the role of conjugated polymers
| Author | : G Q Max Lu |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 911 |
| Release | : 2004-11-22 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 178326179X |
Porous materials are of scientific and technological importance because of the presence of voids of controllable dimensions at the atomic, molecular, and nanometer scales, enabling them to discriminate and interact with molecules and clusters. Interestingly the big deal about this class of materials is about the “nothingness” within — the pore space. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) classifies porous materials into three categories — micropores of less than 2 nm in diameter, mesopores between 2 and 50 nm, and macropores of greater than 50 nm. In this book, nanoporous materials are defined as those porous materials with pore diameters less than 100 nm.Over the last decade, there has been an ever increasing interest and research effort in the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, molecular modeling and design of nanoporous materials. The main challenges in research include the fundamental understanding of structure-property relations and tailor-design of nanostructures for specific properties and applications. Research efforts in this field have been driven by the rapid growing emerging applications such as biosensor, drug delivery, gas separation, energy storage and fuel cell technology, nanocatalysis and photonics. These applications offer exciting new opportunities for scientists to develop new strategies and techniques for the synthesis and applications of these materials.This book provides a series of systematic reviews of the recent developments in nanoporous materials. It covers the following topics: (1) synthesis, processing, characterization and property evaluation; (2) functionalization by physical and/or chemical treatments; (3) experimental and computational studies on fundamental properties, such as catalytic effects, transport and adsorption, molecular sieving and biosorption; (4) applications, including photonic devices, catalysis, environmental pollution control, biological molecules separation and isolation, sensors, membranes, hydrogen and energy storage, etc./a
| Author | : Ignazio Blanco |
| Publisher | : MDPI |
| Total Pages | : 310 |
| Release | : 2019-12-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3039219944 |
The combination of functional polymers with inorganic nanostructured compounds has become a major area of research and technological development owing to the remarkable properties and multifunctionalities deriving from their nano and hybrid structures. In this context, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) have increasing importance and a dominant position with respect to the reinforcement of polymeric materials. Although POSSs were first described in 1946 by Scott, these materials, however, have not immediately been successful if we consider that, starting from 1946 and up to 1995, we find in the literature 85 manuscripts regarding POSSs; which means that less than two papers per year were published over 50 years. Since 1995, we observe an exponential growth of scientific manuscripts concerning POSSs. It is changing from an annual average of 20 manuscripts for the period 1995–2000 to an annual average of about 400 manuscripts, with an increase of 2800%. The introduction of POSSs inorganic nanostructures into polymers gives rise to polymer nanostructured materials (PNMs) with interesting mechanical and physical properties, thus representing a radical alternative to the traditional filled polymers or polymer compositions.
