Pingthe Diplomacy Of Imperial Retreat Britains South China Policy 1924 1931
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| Author | : Edmund S. K. Fung |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 332 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : |
Confronted by Chinese nationalism and the rise of the revolutionary movement in South China, Britain commenced a retreat motivated by political, commercial, and economic considerations and aimed at the protection of British interests without reliance on gunboat diplomacy. This book analyzes British policy-making, diplomatic, military, and commercial, against the background of civil strife and political instability in China, and, in the wider sphere, of greater international cooperation. In a closely argued study based on expansive use of British and Chinese sources, Fung presents a balanced picture of this important chapter in the history of Sino-British relations.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Phoebe Chow |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 262 |
| Release | : 2016-07-15 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1317437411 |
Britain’s relationship with China in the nineteenth and early twentieth century is often viewed in terms of gunboat diplomacy, unequal treaties, and the unrelenting pursuit of Britain’s own commercial interests. This book, however, based on extensive original research, demonstrates that in Britain after the First World War a combination of liberal, Labour party, pacifist, missionary and some business opinion began to argue for imperial retreat from China, and that this movement gathered sufficient momentum for a sympathetic attitude to Chinese demands becoming official Foreign Office policy in 1926. The book considers the various strands of this movement, relates developments in Britain to the changing situation in China, especially the rise of nationalism and the Guomindang, and argues that, contrary to what many people think, the reassertion of China’s national rights was begun successfully in this period rather than after the Communist takeover in 1949.
| Author | : Donna Brunero |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 219 |
| Release | : 2006-03-02 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1134340931 |
This is an in-depth account of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, a uniquely cosmopolitan institution established in the wake of China's defeat in the Opium Wars (1842 to 43), and a central feature of the Treaty Port system. The British-dominated service was headed by the famous Robert Hart who founded a far-reaching customs administration that also encompassed other responsibilities such as marine and harbour maintenance, quarantine, anti-piracy patrols and postal services. This institution sat at a crucial juncture between Chinese and foreign interests, and was intimately linked to British interests and fortunes in the Far East. Following the establishment of the Republic in 1911 there were grave misgivings as to whether the foreign element of the Service would survive. Yet the Service grew in influence and strength, ensuring the foreign inspectorate a continued role in China's affairs. Delivering an overview of the Service, its bureaucracy, fiscal responsibilities and life for foreigners in its employ, focusing especially on the later years of the Service, Donna Brunero draws on the experiences of the foreign administration of the Service as it attempted to negotiate between Chinese and foreign expectations and interests.
| Author | : Zhaodong Wang |
| Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |
| Total Pages | : 260 |
| Release | : 2022-03-21 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 3110706652 |
The book is a systematic study of the China-Britain relationship during the 1942–1949 period with a particular focus on the two countries’ discussions over both the 1943 Sino-British treaty and the discarded Sino-British commercial treaty, the future of Hong Kong, and the political status of Tibet. These were dominated by two underlying themes: the elimination of the British imperialist position in China and the establishment of an equal and reciprocal bilateral relationship. The negotiations started promisingly in 1942–1943, but, by 1949, had failed to reach a satisfactory settlement. Behind the failure lay a complex set of domestic considerations and external factors, including the powerful infl uence of the United States. Even after seven decades, the failure still has a contemporary impact. Recent Sino-British disputes over the Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement and incessant Indo-Chinese confl icts and skirmishes over their unsettled borders all attest to the enduring legacy of the years 1942–1949 as setting the scene for subsequent Sino-British and Sino-Indian relations. From this perspective, the history has never left us.
| Author | : Kerry Brown |
| Publisher | : Yale University Press |
| Total Pages | : 404 |
| Release | : 2024-07-23 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0300272928 |
A vivid history of the relationship between Britain and China, from 1600 to the present The relationship between Britain and China has shaped the modern world. Chinese art, philosophy and science have had a profound effect upon British culture, while the long history of British exploitation is still bitterly remembered in China today. But how has their interaction changed over time? From the early days of the East India Company through the violence of the Opium Wars to present-day disputes over Hong Kong, Kerry Brown charts this turbulent and intriguing relationship in full. Britain has always sought to dominate China economically and politically, while China's ideas and exports--from tea and Chinoiserie to porcelain and silk--have continued to fascinate in the west. But by the later twentieth century, the balance of power began to shift in China's favour, with global consequences. Brown shows how these interactions changed the world order--and argues that an understanding of Britain's relationship with China is now more vital than ever.
| Author | : David Clayton |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 291 |
| Release | : 1997-10-13 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1349138290 |
Communist China's integration into world diplomatic and trading systems in the 1950s was troublesome: relations with British governments and British business interests were no exception. The book examines the origins of `Two Chinas', the impact of the Korean War and focuses above all on British government policy towards China. It argues that the most significant influence on government policy was the relationship between the state and business elites; a symbiotic relationship that coalesced around an imperial concern: Hong Kong.
| Author | : Steve Tsang |
| Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2007-07-30 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0857730835 |
This major history of Hong Kong tells the remarkable story of how a cluster of remote fishing villages grew into an icon of capitalism. The story began in 1842 with the founding of the Crown Colony after the First Anglo-Chinese war - the original 'Opium War'. As premier power in Europe and an expansionist empire, Britain first created in Hong Kong a major naval station and the principal base to open the Celestial Chinese Empire to trade. Working in parallel with the locals, the British built it up to become a focus for investment in the region and an international centre with global shipping, banking and financial interests. Yet by far the most momentous change in the history of this prosperous, capitalist colony was its return in 1997 to 'Mother China', the most powerful Communist state in the world.
| Author | : Donna Brunero |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 199 |
| Release | : 2006-03-02 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 113434094X |
This book provides an overview of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, focussing especially on its later years and in particular on the experiences of the foreign administration.
| Author | : Ray S. Cline |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 413 |
| Release | : 1951 |
| Genre | : World War, 1939-1945 |
| ISBN | : |
