Physics Of Behavior Across Scales
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| Author | : Dragutin Mihailović |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 202 |
| Release | : 2023-09-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1000927172 |
This book analyses the physics of complex systems to elaborate the problems encountered in teaching and research. Inspired by the of Kurt Gödel (including his incompleteness theorems) it considers the concept of time, the idea of models and the concept of complexity before trying to assess the state of physics in general. Using both general and practical examples, the idea of information is discussed, emphasizing its physical interpretation, debates ideas in depth using examples and evidence to provide detailed considerations on the topics. Based on the authors’ own research on these topics, this book puts forward the idea that the application of information measures can provide new results in the study of complex systems. Helpful for those already familiar with the concepts who wish to deepen their critical understanding, Physics of Complex Systems will be extremely valuable both for people that are already involved in complex systems and also readers beginning their journey into the subject. This work will encourage readers to follow and continue these ideas, enabling them to investigate the various topics further.
| Author | : Mark Wilson |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 2017-10-20 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0192525247 |
Mark Wilson presents a series of explorations of our strategies for understanding the world. "Physics avoidance" refers to the fact that we frequently cannot reason about nature in the straightforward manner we anticipate, but must seek alternative policies that allow us to address the questions we want answered in a tractable way. Within both science and everyday life, we find ourselves relying upon thought processes that reach useful answers in opaque and roundabout manners. Conceptual innovators are often puzzled by the techniques they develop, when they stumble across reasoning patterns that are easy to implement but difficult to justify. But simple techniques frequently rest upon complex foundations—a young magician learns how to execute a card-guessing trick without understanding how its progressive steps squeeze in on a proper answer. As we collectively improve our inferential skills in this gradually evolving manner, we often wander into unfamiliar explanatory landscapes in which simple words encode physical information in complex and unanticipated ways. Like our juvenile conjurer, we fail to recognize the true strategic rationales underlying our achievements and may turn instead to preposterous rationalizations for our policies. We have learned how to reach better conclusions in a more fruitful way, but we remain baffled by our own successes. At its best, philosophical reflection illuminates the natural developmental processes that generate these confusions and explicates their complexities. But current thinking within philosophy of science and language works to opposite effect by relying upon simplistic conceptions of "cause", "law of nature", "possibility", and "reference" that ignore the strategic complexities in which these concepts become entangled within real life usage. To avoid these distortions, better descriptive tools are required in philosophy. The nine new essays within this volume illustrate this need for finer discriminations through a range of revealing cases, of both historical and contemporary significance.
| Author | : David J Gross |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 348 |
| Release | : 2020-03-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9813239263 |
This book is indexed in Chemical Abstracts ServiceEver since 1911, the Solvay Conferences have shaped modern physics. The format is quite different from other conferences as the emphasis is placed on discussion. The 27th edition held in October 2017 in Brussels and chaired by Boris Shraiman continued this tradition and addressed some of the most pressing open questions in the fields of biophysics, gathering many of the leading figures working on a wide variety of profound problems.The proceedings contain the 'rapporteur talks' giving a broad overview with unique insights by distinguished renowned scientists. These lectures cover the five sessions: 'Intra-cellular Structure and Dynamics', 'Cell Behavior and Control', 'Inter-cellular Interactions and Patterns', 'Morphogenesis', 'Evolutionary dynamics'.In the Solvay tradition, the proceedings also include the prepared comments to the rapporteur talks. The discussions among the participants — expert, yet lively and sometimes contentious — have been edited to retain their flavor and are reproduced in full. The reader is taken on a breathtaking ride through a fascinating field which is expanding rapidly and which was for the first time the subject of a Solvay Conference on Physics.
| Author | : Jacob Fish |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 631 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0199233853 |
Small scale features and processes occurring at nanometer and femtosecond scales have a profound impact on what happens at a larger scale and over an extensive period of time. The primary objective of this volume is to reflect the state-of-the-art in multiscale mathematics, modeling, and simulations and to address the following barriers: What is the information that needs to be transferred from one model or scale to another and what physical principles must be satisfied during thetransfer of information? What are the optimal ways to achieve such transfer of information? How can variability of physical parameters at multiple scales be quantified and how can it be accounted for to ensure design robustness?The multiscale approaches in space and time presented in this volume are grouped into two main categories: information-passing and concurrent. In the concurrent approaches various scales are simultaneously resolved, whereas in the information-passing methods the fine scale is modeled and its gross response is infused into the continuum scale. The issue of reliability of multiscale modeling and simulation tools which focus on a hierarchy of multiscale models and an a posteriori model of errorestimation including uncertainty quantification, is discussed in several chapters. Component software that can be effectively combined to address a wide range of multiscale simulations is also described. Applications range from advanced materials to nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), biologicalsystems, and nanoporous catalysts where physical phenomena operates across 12 orders of magnitude in time scales and 10 orders of magnitude in spatial scales.This volume is a valuable reference book for scientists, engineers and graduate students practicing in traditional engineering and science disciplines as well as in emerging fields of nanotechnology, biotechnology, microelectronics and energy.
| Author | : Peter W. Hawkes |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 475 |
| Release | : 2003-05-20 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080490069 |
Image processing and a major contribution on microscopy dominate the latest volume of these advances. This volume looks at theory and it's application in a practical sense, with a full account of the methods used and realistic detailed application. The authors do this by examining the latest developments, historic illustrations and mathematical fundamentals of the exciting developments in imaging and applying them to realistic practical situations.Addressing and solving daily issues faced by researchers, consultants and engineers working in this field, makes this book essential reading*Emphasizes broad and in depth article collaborations between world-renowned scientists in the field of image and electron physics*Emphasises theory and it's application in a practical sense*Provides the FIRST full statement of a radical new approach to 'phase calibration' and the solution of this important and difficult problem, pioneered by A, Lannes
| Author | : Brigitte Falkenburg |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 283 |
| Release | : 2015-02-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3662439115 |
The physics of condensed matter, in contrast to quantum physics or cosmology, is not traditionally associated with deep philosophical questions. However, as science - largely thanks to more powerful computers - becomes capable of analysing and modelling ever more complex many-body systems, basic questions of philosophical relevance arise. Questions about the emergence of structure, the nature of cooperative behaviour, the implications of the second law, the quantum-classical transition and many other issues. This book is a collection of essays by leading physicists and philosophers. Each investigates one or more of these issues, making use of examples from modern condensed matter research. Physicists and philosophers alike will find surprising and stimulating ideas in these pages.
| Author | : Robert W. Batterman |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 701 |
| Release | : 2013-01-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0199908354 |
This Oxford Handbook provides an overview of many of the topics that currently engage philosophers of physics. It surveys new issues and the problems that have become a focus of attention in recent years. It also provides up-to-date discussions of the still very important problems that dominated the field in the past. In the late 20th Century, the philosophy of physics was largely focused on orthodox Quantum Mechanics and Relativity Theory. The measurement problem, the question of the possibility of hidden variables, and the nature of quantum locality dominated the literature on the quantum mechanics, whereas questions about relationalism vs. substantivalism, and issues about underdetermination of theories dominated the literature on spacetime. These issues still receive considerable attention from philosophers, but many have shifted their attentions to other questions related to quantum mechanics and to spacetime theories. Quantum field theory has become a major focus, particularly from the point of view of algebraic foundations. Concurrent with these trends, there has been a focus on understanding gauge invariance and symmetries. The philosophy of physics has evolved even further in recent years with attention being paid to theories that, for the most part, were largely ignored in the past. For example, the relationship between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics---once thought to be a paradigm instance of unproblematic theory reduction---is now a hotly debated topic. The implicit, and sometimes explicit, reductionist methodology of both philosophers and physicists has been severely criticized and attention has now turned to the explanatory and descriptive roles of "non-fundamental,'' phenomenological theories. This shift of attention includes "old'' theories such as classical mechanics, once deemed to be of little philosophical interest. Furthermore, some philosophers have become more interested in "less fundamental'' contemporary physics such as condensed matter theory. Questions abound with implications for the nature of models, idealizations, and explanation in physics. This Handbook showcases all these aspects of this complex and dynamic discipline.
| Author | : Christina Hueschen |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 437 |
| Release | : 2024-08-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0691236372 |
An essential introduction to the physics of active matter and its application to questions in biology In recent decades, the theory of active matter has emerged as a powerful tool for exploring the differences between living and nonliving states of matter. The Restless Cell provides a self-contained, quantitative description of how the continuum theory of matter has been generalized to account for the complex and sometimes counterintuitive behaviors of living materials. Christina Hueschen and Rob Phillips begin by illustrating how classical field theory has been used by physicists to describe the transport of matter by diffusion, the elastic deformations of solids, and the flow of fluids. Drawing on physical insights from the study of diffusion, they introduce readers to the continuum theory protocol—a step-by-step framework for developing equations that describe matter as a continuum—and show how these methods and concepts can be generalized to the study of living, energy-consuming matter. Hueschen and Phillips then present a range of engaging biological case studies across scales, such as the symmetry breaking that occurs in developing embryos, the perpetual flows that take place in giant algal cells, and the herding of wildebeest on the plains of the Serengeti. An essential resource for students and researchers in biological physics and quantitative biology, The Restless Cell gives complete derivations of all calculations and features illustrations by Nigel Orme that seamlessly bridge conceptual models and continuum descriptions of living matter.
| Author | : Jan Gliński |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 1075 |
| Release | : 2011-06-07 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9048135842 |
This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a "first-up" volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering.
| Author | : Rachael Scarborough King |
| Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2023-06-01 |
| Genre | : Literary Criticism |
| ISBN | : 1350242306 |
Bringing together an exciting group of knowledge workers, scholars and activists from across fields, this book revisits a foundational question of the Enlightenment: what is the last or furthest end of knowledge? It is a book about why we do what we do, and how we might know when we are done. In the reorganization of knowledge that characterized the Enlightenment, disciplines were conceived as having particular ends, both in terms of purposes and end-points. As we experience an ongoing shift to the knowledge economy of the Information Age, this collection asks whether we still conceptualize knowledge in this way. Does an individual discipline have both an inherent purpose and a natural endpoint? What do an experiment on a fruit fly, a reading of a poem, and the writing of a line of code have in common? Focusing on areas as diverse as AI; biology; Black studies; literary studies; physics; political activism; and the concept of disciplinarity itself, contributors uncover a life after disciplinarity for subjects that face immediate threats to the structure if not the substance of their contributions. These essays whether reflective, historical, eulogistic, or polemical chart a vital and necessary course towards the reorganization of knowledge production as a whole.
