Physics 50 Years Later
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Author | : Walter Lewin |
Publisher | : Simon and Schuster |
Total Pages | : 322 |
Release | : 2011-05-03 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1439123543 |
“YOU HAVE CHANGED MY LIFE” is a common refrain in the emails Walter Lewin receives daily from fans who have been enthralled by his world-famous video lectures about the wonders of physics. “I walk with a new spring in my step and I look at life through physics-colored eyes,” wrote one such fan. When Lewin’s lectures were made available online, he became an instant YouTube celebrity, and The New York Times declared, “Walter Lewin delivers his lectures with the panache of Julia Child bringing French cooking to amateurs and the zany theatricality of YouTube’s greatest hits.” For more than thirty years as a beloved professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lewin honed his singular craft of making physics not only accessible but truly fun, whether putting his head in the path of a wrecking ball, supercharging himself with three hundred thousand volts of electricity, or demonstrating why the sky is blue and why clouds are white. Now, as Carl Sagan did for astronomy and Brian Green did for cosmology, Lewin takes readers on a marvelous journey in For the Love of Physics, opening our eyes as never before to the amazing beauty and power with which physics can reveal the hidden workings of the world all around us. “I introduce people to their own world,” writes Lewin, “the world they live in and are familiar with but don’t approach like a physicist—yet.” Could it be true that we are shorter standing up than lying down? Why can we snorkel no deeper than about one foot below the surface? Why are the colors of a rainbow always in the same order, and would it be possible to put our hand out and touch one? Whether introducing why the air smells so fresh after a lightning storm, why we briefly lose (and gain) weight when we ride in an elevator, or what the big bang would have sounded like had anyone existed to hear it, Lewin never ceases to surprise and delight with the extraordinary ability of physics to answer even the most elusive questions. Recounting his own exciting discoveries as a pioneer in the field of X-ray astronomy—arriving at MIT right at the start of an astonishing revolution in astronomy—he also brings to life the power of physics to reach into the vastness of space and unveil exotic uncharted territories, from the marvels of a supernova explosion in the Large Magellanic Cloud to the unseeable depths of black holes. “For me,” Lewin writes, “physics is a way of seeing—the spectacular and the mundane, the immense and the minute—as a beautiful, thrillingly interwoven whole.” His wonderfully inventive and vivid ways of introducing us to the revelations of physics impart to us a new appreciation of the remarkable beauty and intricate harmonies of the forces that govern our lives.
Author | : O Barnabei |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 228 |
Release | : 2000-08-04 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 981449402X |
For the Galvani Bicentenary Celebrations, the University of Bologna and its Academy of Sciences singled out subnuclear physics as the field of scientific research to be associated with this important event, as it would best illustrate, for the new generation of students, the challenge inherent in fundamental sciences.Subnuclear physics was born 50 years ago and has represented, ever since, the new frontiers of Galilean science. In his opening lecture delivered on the first day of the new academic year, Professor Antonino Zichichi analytically reviewed the basic conceptual developments and main discoveries achieved in subnuclear physics during the last 50 years. Given the importance of this field of fundamental research, Professor Zichichi was invited to expand the contents of his lecture into a book, and the outcome is this invaluable volume.
Author | : Antti Niemi |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 352 |
Release | : 2022-03-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9811255180 |
Frank Wilczek is one of the foremost theoretical physicists of the past half-century. He has made several fundamental contributions that shape our understanding of high energy physics, cosmology, condensed matter physics, and statistical physics. In all these fields his many discoveries continue to play a key role in shaping the direction of modern theoretical physics.Among Wilczek's major achievements is the discovery of asymptotic freedom, which predicts and explains the ultraviolet behavior of non-abelian gauge theories. The axion, which he co-discovered and named, has emerged as the prevalent candidate for explaining the origin of dark matter in the Universe. His invention of color-flavor locking explains chiral symmetry breaking in high density quantum chromodynamics. His introduction of fractional statistics and anyons are pivotal to our understanding of the fractional quantum Hall effect and form the building blocks of topological quantum computing. His invention of the time crystal concept has catalyzed extensive investigations of dynamical phases of physical systems.Frank Wilczek received the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of asymptotic freedom. He is also the recipient of several Prizes and honorary awards including the MacArthur Fellowship, the Lorentz Medal of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Lilienfeld Prize of the American Physical Society, the High Energy and Particle Physics Prize of the European Physical Society, and the King Faisal International Prize for Science of the King Faisal Foundation. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society. He is also a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Sweden.He is currently the Herman Feshbach Professor of Physics at MIT Center for Theoretical Physics. He also holds a professorship at Stockholm University, is a Distinguished Professor at Arizona State University, and is the founding director of the Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and Chief Scientist of the Wilczek Quantum Center at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.This volume serves as a tribute to Frank Wilczek's legendary scientific contributions, commemorating his 70th birthday and the first 50 years of his career as a theoretical physicist. The contributors include several of his PhD students, close collaborators, and both past and present colleagues.
Author | : Edvige Corbelli |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 551 |
Release | : 2007-10-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1402034075 |
Theideatocelebrate50yearsoftheSalpeterIMFoccurredduringtherecent IAU General Assembly in Sydney, Australia. Indeed, it was from Australia that in July 1954 Ed Salpeter submitted his famous paper "The Luminosity Function and Stellar Evolution" with the rst derivation of the empirical stellar IMF. This contribution was to become one of the most famous astrophysics papers of the last 50 years. Here, Ed Salpeter introduced the terms "original mass function" and "original luminosity function", and estimated the pro- bility for the creation of stars of given mass at a particular time, now known as the "Salpeter Initial Mass Function", or IMF. The paper was written at the Australian National University in Canberra on leave of absence from Cornell University (USA) and was published in 1955 as 7 page note in the Astroph- ical Journal Vol. 121, page 161. To celabrate the 50th anniversary of the IMF, along with Ed Salpeter’s 80th birthday, we have organized a special meeting that brought together scientists involved in the empirical determination of this fundamental quantity in a va- ety of astrophysical contexts and other scientists fascinated by the deep imp- cations of the IMF on star formation theories, on the physical conditions of the gas before and after star formation, and on galactic evolution and cosmology. The meeting took place in one of the most beautiful spots of the Tuscan countryside, far from the noise and haste of everyday life.
Author | : Uri Haber-Schaim |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : Physics |
ISBN | : 9780840360250 |
Author | : Michael Bordag |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 410 |
Release | : 1999-04-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9814543853 |
This volume contains papers based on talks delivered at the Fourth Workshop on Quantum Field Theory Under the Influence of External Conditions. This series of workshops, held at the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Leipzig, was launched in 1989. The present meeting took place 50 years after Hendrik B Casimir discovered the effect named after him. This effect was found by Casimir in investigating the retarded long range van der Waals forces in colloids and re-expressing them as a change in the vacuum energy of the electromagnetic field. The story of why this work was done was told by Casimir himself at the workshop. A historical account of the development of vacuum energy in quantum theory starting from Planck's half quanta was given by H Rechenberg. Another interesting topic was about a possible explanation of sonoluminescence as a dynamical Casimir effect. Kim Milton reported on the work done by Julian Schwinger on this topic during the last years of the great physicist's life, as well as on his own research. M Bordag (Leipzig) provided a general analysis of the ultraviolet divergences of the vacuum energy of a dielectric sphere.The Casimir effect had been experimentally verified 10 years after its discovery on a rather qualitative level. Only last year and in another experiment this year, it became also quantitatively well established. It turned out to be of unexpectedly high sensitivity with respect to the presence of the so-called fifth forces, as V Mostepanenko showed in his talk.Modern methods of computing the Casimir effect rely on zeta functional regularization and heat kernel expansion. This mathematical background, together with a broader embedding into expansions of various spectral quantities, was the subject of the talk by S Fulling. Recent progress in the computation of the heat kernel coefficients was reported by V Kornyak and K Kirsten.A number of talks were devoted to magnetic background fields of various types; for instance, new trends in the Aharonov-Bohm effect. In cosmology, negative energy densities and the role of adiabatic vacuum states in a de Sitter universe were discussed.
Author | : Anthony Poulton-Smith |
Publisher | : The History Press |
Total Pages | : 194 |
Release | : 2013-02-01 |
Genre | : Transportation |
ISBN | : 0752492241 |
In 1963 Dr Beeching's infamous report signalled the end for over 15,000 miles of track, a third of Britain's stations, and for 70,000 jobs, as well as making irrevocable changes to the way of life of many consumers. Much misery was caused and Beeching's name was muddied, but in hindsight the report probably did more than any other single factor to preserve the nation's railway heritage. Without the Beeching cuts, much of the locomotives, stock, tracks, signals and signs would have crumbled, been forgotten or rotted. However, the gentle railway gradients lend themselves perfectly to walkways and cycle paths; buildings have been refurbished; memorabilia now commands prices at auction which would astonish those who painted the metal. And of course, the heritage lines continue to draw many thousands of visitors each year. After the initial shock of the cuts, this fresh appraisal considers these benefits and more, which may not have come about without the Beeching Report.
Author | : Valerio Tognetti |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 642 |
Release | : 1999-04-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9814543845 |
This book contains the invited contributions to the 6th International Conference on Path Integrals from peV to TeV, held in Florence in 1998. The conference, devoted to functional integration, brought together many physicists with interests ranging from elementary particles to nuclear, solid state, liquid state, polymer and complex systems physics. The variety of topics is reflected in the book, which is a unique collection of papers on manifold applications of functional methods in several areas of physics.
Author | : Roberto Lalli |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 337 |
Release | : 2024-07-09 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0198878699 |
This is an open access book available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read on the Oxford Academic platform and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Following the centenary of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, this volume features contributions from leading science historians from around the world on the changing roles of the institution in international affairs from its foundation in 1922 to the present. The case studies presented in this volume show the multitude of functions that IUPAP had and how these were related to the changing international political contexts. The book is divided into three parts. The first discusses the interwar period demonstrating how the exclusion of communities of the Central Powers from international scientific institutions imposed by victorious allied countries made IUPAP ineffective until the end of World War II. The second part analyzes the changing roles assumed by IUPAP starting from its complete renovation after World War II. Case studies covering the role of IUPAP in physics education, in metrology, in joint commissions with other unions and in defining the complex relations between pure and applied physics provide examples of IUPAP's impact on the world of science. Part III squarely addresses the science diplomacy aspects of IUPAP during the Cold War highlighting the importance of IUPAP in furthering diplomatic goals and explaining the origin of the pursuit of the free circulation of scientists as the activity that characterized the main function of international unions during the Cold War. Highlighting how often scientific agendas and political imperatives were entangled in the activities of IUPAP, the book analyzes the work of the Union as exercises of science diplomacy, thus contributing to the current debate on the use of science and technology in international relations.
Author | : Tony Gonis |
Publisher | : IOS Press |
Total Pages | : 380 |
Release | : 2001 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 9781586032111 |
Decoherence is the physical process by which the classical world - the world of common sense - emerges from its quantum underpinnings. This physical process refers to the loss of phase coherence between the parts of a quantum system, because of the interaction of the system with the environment.