Physical Implementation Of Quantum Walks
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| Author | : Kia Manouchehri |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 252 |
| Release | : 2013-08-23 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3642360149 |
Given the extensive application of random walks in virtually every science related discipline, we may be at the threshold of yet another problem solving paradigm with the advent of quantum walks. Over the past decade, quantum walks have been explored for their non-intuitive dynamics, which may hold the key to radically new quantum algorithms. This growing interest has been paralleled by a flurry of research into how one can implement quantum walks in laboratories. This book presents numerous proposals as well as actual experiments for such a physical realization, underpinned by a wide range of quantum, classical and hybrid technologies.
| Author | : Salvador Venegas-Andraca |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 119 |
| Release | : 2022-05-31 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 3031025113 |
Quantum computation, one of the latest joint ventures between physics and the theory of computation, is a scientific field whose main goals include the development of hardware and algorithms based on the quantum mechanical properties of those physical systems used to implement such algorithms. Solving difficult tasks (for example, the Satisfiability Problem and other NP-complete problems) requires the development of sophisticated algorithms, many ofwhich employ stochastic processes as their mathematical basis. Discrete random walks are a popular choice among those stochastic processes. Inspired on the success of discrete random walks in algorithm development, quantum walks, an emerging field of quantum computation, is a generalization of random walks into the quantum mechanical world. The purpose of this lecture is to provide a concise yet comprehensive introduction to quantum walks. Table of Contents: Introduction / Quantum Mechanics / Theory of Computation / Classical Random Walks / Quantum Walks / Computer Science and Quantum Walks / Conclusions
| Author | : Kia Manouchehri |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Quantum groups |
| ISBN | : |
In this thesis we present a theoretical study of quantum walks, with a particular focus on the development of viable schemes concerned with their physical realization. Ever since their introduction over a decade ago, quantum walks have been extensively explored for their non-intuitive dynamics which may hold the key to a new generation of quantum algorithms. This growing interest in the theoretical applications of quantum walks has been paralleled by a flurry of research into a more practical problem: how does one physically implement a quantum walk in the laboratory? We begin this thesis by first presenting an overview of the quantum walk theory, including some of its algorithmic applications. This is then followed by a comprehensive survey of numerous proposals for a physical implementation of quantum walks, underpinned by a wide range of quantum, classical and hybrid technologies. This review consequently highlights what has so far remained a major challenge for the quantum walk enthusiasts; a physical realization that is experimentally viable whilst remaining readily scalable and not limited to problems with specific connectivity criteria. It is precisely this challenge that we seek to examine in the remaining parts of this thesis. To this end we first show that any physical implementation of a continuous-time quantum walk must adopt a discretized position space, otherwise the rich dynamics of the quantum walk are reduced to the simple quantum evolution of a particle in free space. We then describe a solid state approach for implementing a coined iii quantum walk on a line where, the quantum walker, an electron, hops from site to site in an array of quantum dots, prompted by a series of control lasers. Finally we introduce a universal framework for implementing general quantum walks on arbitrarily complex graphs. We demonstrate the utility of this universal scheme by providing a detailed description of one specific design based on the spin-dependant transport of a Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) trapped in a 2D optical lattice, driven by a sequence of control lasers. iv.
| Author | : Chandrashekar Madaiah |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 171 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This dissertation presents investigations on dynamics of discrete-time quantum walk and some of its applications. Quantum walks has been exploited as an useful tool for quantum algorithms in quantum computing. Beyond quantum computational purposes, it has been used to explain and control the dynamics in various physical systems. In order to use the quantum walk to its fullest potential, it is important to know and optimize the properties purely due to quantum dynamics and in presence of noise. Various studies of its dynamics in the absence and presence of noise have been reported. We propose new approaches to optimize the dynamics, discuss symmetries and effect of noise on the quantum walk. Making use of its properties, we propose the use of quantum walk as an efficient new tool for various applications in physical systems and quantum information processing. In the first and second part of this dissertation, we discuss evolution process of the quantum walks, propose and demonstrate the optimization of discrete-time quantum walk using quantum coin operation from SU(2) group and discuss some of its properties. We investigate symmetry operations and environmental effects on dynamics of the walk on a line and an n-cycle highlighting the interplay between noise and topology. Using the properties and behavior of quantum walk discussed in part two, in part three we propose the application of quantum walk to realize quantum phase transition in optical lattice, that is to efficiently control and redistribute ultracold atoms in optical lattice. We also discuss the implementation scheme. Another application we consider is creation of spatial entanglement using quantum walk on a quantum many body system.
| Author | : Chen-Fu Chiang |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 162 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Quantum computers |
| ISBN | : |
In this thesis, I investigate quantum walks in quantum computing from three aspects: the insights, the implementation, and the applications. Quantum walks are the quantum analogue of classical random walks. For the insights of quantum walks, I list and explain the required components for quantizing a classical random walk into a quantum walk. The components are, for instance, Markov chains, quantum phase estimation, and quantum spectrum theorem. I then demonstrate how the product of two reflections in the walk operator provides a quadratic speed-up, in comparison to the classical counterpart. For the implementation of quantum walks, I show the construction of an efficient circuit for realizing one single step of the quantum walk operator. Furthermore, I devise a more succinct circuit to approximately implement quantum phase estimation with constant precision controlled phase shift operators. From an implementation perspective, efficient circuits are always desirable because the realization of a phase shift operator with high precision would be a costly task and a critical obstacle. For the applications of quantum walks, I apply the quantum walk technique along with other fundamental quantum techniques, such as phase estimation, to solve the partition function problem. However, there might be some scenario in which the speed-up of spectral gap is insignificant. In a situation like that that, I provide an amplitude amplification-based approach to prepare the thermal Gibbs state. Such an approach is useful when the spectral gap is extremely small. Finally, I further investigate and explore the effect of noise (perturbation) on the performance of quantum walks.
| Author | : Henry O. Everitt |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 303 |
| Release | : 2007-04-03 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387277323 |
Practical quantum computing still seems more than a decade away, and researchers have not even identified what the best physical implementation of a quantum bit will be. There is a real need in the scientific literature for a dialogue on the topic of lessons learned and looming roadblocks. This reprint from Quantum Information Processing is dedicated to the experimental aspects of quantum computing and includes articles that 1) highlight the lessons learned over the last 10 years, and 2) outline the challenges over the next 10 years. The special issue includes a series of invited articles that discuss the most promising physical implementations of quantum computing. The invited articles were to draw grand conclusions about the past and speculate about the future, not just report results from the present.
| Author | : Renato Portugal |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 314 |
| Release | : 2018-08-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319978136 |
The revised edition of this book offers an extended overview of quantum walks and explains their role in building quantum algorithms, in particular search algorithms. Updated throughout, the book focuses on core topics including Grover's algorithm and the most important quantum walk models, such as the coined, continuous-time, and Szedgedy's quantum walk models. There is a new chapter describing the staggered quantum walk model. The chapter on spatial search algorithms has been rewritten to offer a more comprehensive approach and a new chapter describing the element distinctness algorithm has been added. There is a new appendix on graph theory highlighting the importance of graph theory to quantum walks. As before, the reader will benefit from the pedagogical elements of the book, which include exercises and references to deepen the reader's understanding, and guidelines for the use of computer programs to simulate the evolution of quantum walks. Review of the first edition: “The book is nicely written, the concepts are introduced naturally, and many meaningful connections between them are highlighted. The author proposes a series of exercises that help the reader get some working experience with the presented concepts, facilitating a better understanding. Each chapter ends with a discussion of further references, pointing the reader to major results on the topics presented in the respective chapter.” - Florin Manea, zbMATH.
| Author | : Mikio Nakahara |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 439 |
| Release | : 2008-03-11 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1420012290 |
Covering both theory and progressive experiments, Quantum Computing: From Linear Algebra to Physical Realizations explains how and why superposition and entanglement provide the enormous computational power in quantum computing. This self-contained, classroom-tested book is divided into two sections, with the first devoted to the theoretical aspect
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2019-04-27 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 030947969X |
Quantum mechanics, the subfield of physics that describes the behavior of very small (quantum) particles, provides the basis for a new paradigm of computing. First proposed in the 1980s as a way to improve computational modeling of quantum systems, the field of quantum computing has recently garnered significant attention due to progress in building small-scale devices. However, significant technical advances will be required before a large-scale, practical quantum computer can be achieved. Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects provides an introduction to the field, including the unique characteristics and constraints of the technology, and assesses the feasibility and implications of creating a functional quantum computer capable of addressing real-world problems. This report considers hardware and software requirements, quantum algorithms, drivers of advances in quantum computing and quantum devices, benchmarks associated with relevant use cases, the time and resources required, and how to assess the probability of success.
| Author | : Maria Schuld |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 2021-10-17 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030830985 |
This book offers an introduction into quantum machine learning research, covering approaches that range from "near-term" to fault-tolerant quantum machine learning algorithms, and from theoretical to practical techniques that help us understand how quantum computers can learn from data. Among the topics discussed are parameterized quantum circuits, hybrid optimization, data encoding, quantum feature maps and kernel methods, quantum learning theory, as well as quantum neural networks. The book aims at an audience of computer scientists and physicists at the graduate level onwards. The second edition extends the material beyond supervised learning and puts a special focus on the developments in near-term quantum machine learning seen over the past few years.
