Philosophy Of Chance
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Author | : Michael Heller |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2019-06 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9788378863830 |
In this book, which is written by the 2008 Templeton Prize laureate Michael Heller, the problems of chance and probability are seen in light of the advancements of physics and biology. Heller's claim is that chance finds its place within the structure of the universe and cosmic evolution. His insightful remarks may be considered a critique of both Dawkins' 'blind watchmaker' approach and Dembski's 'intelligent design' perspective.
Author | : Jacques Monod |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 198 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Biology |
ISBN | : 9780140256468 |
Change and necessity is a statement of Darwinian natural selection as a process driven by chance necessity, devoid of purpose or intent.
Author | : Klaas Landsman |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 274 |
Release | : 2016-06-09 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3319263005 |
This book presents a multidisciplinary perspective on chance, with contributions from distinguished researchers in the areas of biology, cognitive neuroscience, economics, genetics, general history, law, linguistics, logic, mathematical physics, statistics, theology and philosophy. The individual chapters are bound together by a general introduction followed by an opening chapter that surveys 2500 years of linguistic, philosophical, and scientific reflections on chance, coincidence, fortune, randomness, luck and related concepts. A main conclusion that can be drawn is that, even after all this time, we still cannot be sure whether chance is a truly fundamental and irreducible phenomenon, in that certain events are simply uncaused and could have been otherwise, or whether it is always simply a reflection of our ignorance. Other challenges that emerge from this book include a better understanding of the contextuality and perspectival character of chance (including its scale-dependence), and the curious fact that, throughout history (including contemporary science), chance has been used both as an explanation and as a hallmark of the absence of explanation. As such, this book challenges the reader to think about chance in a new way and to come to grips with this endlessly fascinating phenomenon.
Author | : Grant Ramsey |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 368 |
Release | : 2016-10-25 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 022640191X |
This illuminating volume explores the effects of chance on evolution, covering diverse perspectives from scientists, philosophers, and historians. The evolution of species, from single-celled organisms to multicellular animals and plants, is the result of a long and highly chancy history. But how profoundly has chance shaped life on earth? And what, precisely, do we mean by chance? Bringing together biologists, philosophers of science, and historians of science, Chance in Evolution is the first book to untangle the far-reaching effects of chance, contingency, and randomness on the evolution of life. The book begins by placing chance in historical context, starting with the ancients and moving through Darwin to contemporary biology. It documents the shifts in our understanding of chance as Darwin’s theory of evolution developed into the modern synthesis, and how the acceptance of chance in Darwinian theory affected theological resistance to it. Other chapters discuss how chance relates to the concepts of genetic drift, mutation, and parallel evolution—as well as recent work in paleobiology and the experimental evolution of microbes. By engaging in collaboration across biology, history, philosophy, and theology, this book offers a comprehensive overview both of the history of chance in evolution and of our current understanding of the impact of chance on life.
Author | : Timothy Childers |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 213 |
Release | : 2013-05-30 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 0199661820 |
Probability is increasingly important for our understanding of the world. What is probability? How do we model it, and how do we use it? Timothy Childers presents a lively introduction to the foundations of probability and to philosophical issues it raises. He keeps technicalities to a minimum, and assumes no prior knowledge of the subject. He explains the main interpretations of probability-frequentist, propensity, classical, Bayesian, and objective Bayesian-and uses stimulating examples to bring the subject to life. All students of philosophy will benefit from an understanding of probability, and this is the book to provide it.
Author | : Antony Eagle |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Olasılık-Felsefe |
ISBN | : 9780415483872 |
Alan Hajek, The Australian National University, Australia.
Author | : John Dudley |
Publisher | : State University of New York Press |
Total Pages | : 487 |
Release | : 2012-02-23 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1438432283 |
This landmark book is the first to provide a comprehensive account of Aristotle's concept of chance. Chance is invoked by many to explain order in the universe, the origins of life, even human freedom and happiness. An understanding of Aristotle's concept of chance is indispensable for an appreciation of his views on nature and ethics, views which have had a tremendous influence on the development of Western philosophy. Author John Dudley analyzes Aristotle's account of chance in the Physics, the Metaphysics, in his biological and ethical treatises, and in a number of his other works as well. Important complementary considerations such as Aristotle's criticism of Presocratic philosophers, particularly Empedocles and Democritus, Plato's concept of chance, the chronology of Aristotle's works, and the relevance of Aristotle's work to evolution and quantum theory are also covered in depth. This is an essential book for scholars and students of Western philosophy.
Author | : David Z Albert |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 188 |
Release | : 2003-02-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0674020138 |
This book is an attempt to get to the bottom of an acute and perennial tension between our best scientific pictures of the fundamental physical structure of the world and our everyday empirical experience of it. The trouble is about the direction of time. The situation (very briefly) is that it is a consequence of almost every one of those fundamental scientific pictures--and that it is at the same time radically at odds with our common sense--that whatever can happen can just as naturally happen backwards. Albert provides an unprecedentedly clear, lively, and systematic new account--in the context of a Newtonian-Mechanical picture of the world--of the ultimate origins of the statistical regularities we see around us, of the temporal irreversibility of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, of the asymmetries in our epistemic access to the past and the future, and of our conviction that by acting now we can affect the future but not the past. Then, in the final section of the book, he generalizes the Newtonian picture to the quantum-mechanical case and (most interestingly) suggests a very deep potential connection between the problem of the direction of time and the quantum-mechanical measurement problem. The book aims to be both an original contribution to the present scientific and philosophical understanding of these matters at the most advanced level, and something in the nature of an elementary textbook on the subject accessible to interested high-school students.
Author | : D. H. Mellor |
Publisher | : Psychology Press |
Total Pages | : 176 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 9780415282505 |
This work presents the basic concepts of probability to philosophy students who are new to this area of the subject.
Author | : Henry Ely Kyburg |
Publisher | : Open Court Publishing |
Total Pages | : 388 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 9780812695137 |
This collection of philosophical essays looks at various technical problems in the use of probability theory for guidance in practical decisions. This text is intended for those who already have a basic grounding in philosophy, logic and probabilty theory.