Pharmaceuticals In Northern Environments What Where And How Much
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| Author | : Carlsson, Pernilla |
| Publisher | : Nordic Council of Ministers |
| Total Pages | : 50 |
| Release | : 2020-02-19 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9289364971 |
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2020-502/ Abstract [en] The present study has investigated and collected sales statistics of pharmaceuticals in Sweden, Norway and Iceland. A literature review of waste water treatment plants (WWTP) and the efficiency of different WWTP techniques was conducted and combined with a literature review of metabolization of pharmaceuticals in humans. These data have been linked and used for calculations of the amount of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites that actually reaches the aquatic recipient. A future recommendation is to include metabolites of pharmaceuticals in environmental impact studies to be able to assess and account for the chemicals that actually pass through a WWTP to the aquatic environment. No large differences regarding pharmaceuticals used were observed, and many were common in both Sweden, Iceland and Norway.
| Author | : Klaus Kümmerer |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 531 |
| Release | : 2008-10-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3540746641 |
Following the success of the first edition, this pioneering study of pharmaceuticals in the environment has been updated and greatly extended. It includes the status of research on pharmaceuticals in soil, with attention to terrestrial and aquatic environments as well as new substance categories such as tetracylines and chinolones and the latest results concerning contamination of the environment and risk reduction.
| Author | : Bryan W. Brooks |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 303 |
| Release | : 2012-06-08 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461434734 |
Human interaction with the environment remains one of the most pervasive facets of modern society. In a world characterized by rapid population growth, unprecedented global trade and digital communications, energy security, natural resource scarcities, climatic changes and environmental quality, emerging diseases and public health, biodiversity and habitat modifications are routinely touted by the popular press as they canvas global political agendas and scholarly endeavors.
| Author | : Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) |
| Publisher | : IWA Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 138 |
| Release | : 2020-07-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1789061814 |
This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life‑cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source‑directed, use‑orientated and end‑of‑pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.
| Author | : Vieno, Niina |
| Publisher | : UNESCO Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 121 |
| Release | : 2017-09-25 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9231002139 |
| Author | : Patrick K. Jjemba |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 416 |
| Release | : 2018-09-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1119312299 |
The revised edition of the guide to environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products The revised and updated second edition of Pharma-Ecology joins the health and environmental sciences professions' concern over the occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment and explores how to best minimize their impact. The text highlights the biological effects of various classes of pharmaceutical compounds under clinical settings, their modes of action, and approximate quantities consumed. The second edition contains the most recent knowledge about the ecological impact of PPCPs as more sensitive detection techniques have become available, since the book was first published. The second edition offers the most up-to-date information on pharma ecology and bridges the gap between medicine, public health, and environmental science. This new edition contains helpful learning objectives for each chapter, as well as a brief section at the end of each chapter that presents a set of open ended questions. This vital resource: • Explores the biological effects of pharmaceutical compounds under clinical settings, their modes of action, approximate quantities consumed • Provides researchers and scientists with critical background data on the environmental impacts of PPCPs • Contains the most current information on PPCPs' ecological impacts, based on new detection techniques • Bridges the gap between medicine, public health, and environmental science Written for ecologists, engineers, microbiologists, pharmacists, toxicologists, chemists, physicians, and veterinarians involved in pollution and environmental analysis, the second edition of Pharma-Ecology contains the most current information available on the environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products.
| Author | : Juan Carlos Duran-Alvarez |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 704 |
| Release | : 2021-06-23 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0081029721 |
Pharmaceuticals in Marine and Coastal Environments: Occurrence, Effects, and Challenges in a Changing World is divided into three sections that address a) coastal areas as the main entrance of pharmaceuticals into the ocean, b) the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the environmental compartments of the ocean media, and c) the effects that such pollutants may cause to the exposed marine organisms. With its comprehensive discussions, the book provides a wide depiction of the current state-of-the-art on these topics in an effort to open new sources of investigation and find suitable solutions. - Includes maps edited by the Water Information Network System of the International Hydrological Program (IHP-WINS) - Provides a compilation of information regarding the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the marine environment which will help establish new and more efficient monitoring programs and new research lines - Depicts the most important results of environmental risk assessments that can be used as a first step for further toxicological studies
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : ScholarlyEditions |
| Total Pages | : 1111 |
| Release | : 2013-05-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1490107061 |
Issues in Global Environment—Pollution and Waste Management: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Particle and Fiber Toxicology. The editors have built Issues in Global Environment—Pollution and Waste Management: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Particle and Fiber Toxicology in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Global Environment—Pollution and Waste Management: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
| Author | : Diana S. Aga |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 408 |
| Release | : 2007-12-26 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1420052330 |
The detection of pharmaceutical residues remained elusive until instruments such as liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry became commonplace in environmental laboratories. The documentation of the occurrence of pharmaceutical residues and endocrine disrupting chemicals in water resources has raused questions about their long-term effects
| Author | : B.M. Peake |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 272 |
| Release | : 2015-11-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 190881845X |
The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment identifies pathways of entry of pharmaceuticals into the environment, beginning with the role of global prescribing and disposal practices. The book then discusses typical levels of common pharmaceuticals and how they can be determined in natural waters such as raw and treated sewage, and in potable water. In addition, sections examine methods currently available to degrade pharmaceuticals in natural waters and some of their ecotoxicological impacts, along with future considerations and the growing concept of product stewardship. - Encompasses the full lifecycle of common pharmaceuticals, from prescription and dispensing practices to their occurrence in a range of different types of natural waters and their environmental impact - Explores the role of the healthcare system and its affect on users - Beneficial for environmental engineers involved in the design and operation of appropriate degradation technologies of the pharmaceutical prescription and disposal practices
