Performance Related Tests On Recycled Materials For Sustainable Design Of Pavement Systems
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| Author | : Athar Saeed |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Aggregate base |
| ISBN | : |
This paper provides recommendations for performance-related tests to select recycled materials to be used in pavement foundations (base/sub-base layers). The test protocol presented in this paper will help transportation agencies, pavement design engineers and construction industry professionals to mechanistically evaluate and select sources of recycled hot-mix asphalt and portland cement concrete materials and identify factors that contribute most to the longevity of layers using recycled pavement materials. Extensive literature review was conducted on the aggregate specifications in the United States and other countries to identify the protocols used to evaluate the suitability of virgin and recycled aggregates in base and sub-base layers. The test procedures, typically designed for virgin aggregates, were modified to account for the recycled materials in the aggregate mix. The test procedures were further evaluated on the basis of mechanical performance, accuracy, practicality, complexity, precision, and test cost. The performance of the developed aggregate evaluation systems was determined through testing and analysis of 12 aggregates with different lithology and known field performance history. These samples were selected from seven states with different seasonal frost cycles. The performance tests were conducted and modifications were made to the tests procedures to better understand the mechanical behavior of aggregate systems with recycled materials. This study revealed that shear strength, toughness, abrasion, durability, and frost susceptibility influence the performance of the unbound aggregate layers. Statistical analysis of the data showed that shear strength of the aggregate systems has the most impact on the performance of the unbound systems consisted of recycled materials.
| Author | : Louay Mohammad |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 335 |
| Release | : 2017-07-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 331961908X |
This volume on “Advancement in the Design and Performance of Sustainable Asphalt Pavements” includes a collection of research and practical papers from an international research and technology activities on Mixture Design Innovation, Structural Pavement Design, Advancement in Production and Construction, Climate Changes and Effects on Infrastructure, Green Energy, Technology and Integration. The volume constitutes an important contribution in view of the urgent need to develop materials, designs, and practices to ensure the sustainability of transportation infrastructure. This volume is part of the proceedings of the 1st GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2017.
| Author | : Amin Chegenizadeh |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 114 |
| Release | : 2022-02-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030942341 |
This book considers the application of recycled materials both in pavement and geotechnical engineering. Currently, Australia has faced the fundamental concern of recycling waste plastic. On 1 January 2018, China enforced a prohibition on the importation of waste plastic. China's ban is followed by other countries like India, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The ban caused many corporations to abandon waste collection agreements, and the stockpiling of waste, as there is nowhere to safely deposit this waste. This issue seems, to a great extent, to have placed Australia's recycling industry in a crisis. As a result, local councils will have to find strategic ways of recycling accumulated waste that will become a more significant issue in the coming years. In Australia, apart from economic growth, the road pavement has weakened rapidly as the current pavement unable to withstand this urgent traffic load demand. The adding of polymers to the mixtures improves the stiffness, rutting resistance, and fatigue cracking [1]. However, the application of virgin polymer is costly. Thus, using waste polymer such as waste plastic polymer is an inexpensive substitute. The potential for recycled plastic to improve the performance properties of asphalt mixtures has been demonstrated in many countries the UK, Canada, The Netherlands, and India [2]. Similarly, another application of recycled materials can be in geotechnical infrastructure. This book considers the application of recycled materials both in pavement and geotechnical engineering. References [1] Airey, G.D., Singleton, T.M., & Collop, A.C.(2002). Properties of polymer modified bitumen after rubber- bitumen interaction. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering .14(4), 344- 354. [2] K. O'Farrell. Australian Plastics Recycling Survey- National Report. Australian Government, Department of Environment and Energy, Australia. Project reference,2018 A21502.
| Author | : José Neves |
| Publisher | : Mdpi AG |
| Total Pages | : 182 |
| Release | : 2022-04-13 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9783036538440 |
This Special Issue focuses on recycled materials to promote pavement sustainability. It covers the use of construction and demolition waste (reclaimed asphalt pavement, recycled concrete aggregate and glass) and industrial waste (plastic and slag). The application of recycled materials concerns bituminous mixtures, concrete mixtures, and non-traditional interlocking blocks or cobbles.
| Author | : Louay Nadhim Mohammad |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 160 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING |
| ISBN | : |
As the price of liquid asphalt continuously climbs, methods are being sought to decrease material costs, which will also have less impact on ecological systems without compromising material or pavement performance. The use of recycled materials is one method that can replace a percentage of their virgin counterparts, thus reducing the negative impacts on the environment. Asphalt mixture performance is affected by the level of blending that occurs between aged and virgin asphalt binders. The interaction and compatibility of recycling agents (RAs) with recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) and reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) have not been thoroughly evaluated since the 1970s. To characterize laboratory mixture performance through their mechanistic and volumetric properties, a suite of tests was conducted to evaluate the low, intermediate, and high temperature performance of conventional asphalt mixtures and mixtures containing RAS and/or RAP with and without RAs. Also, the asphalt binders’ molecular structure was correlated with their cracking potential through binder fractionation. With respect to the mixes without RAs, results indicate that RAS binder does not fully blend with the virgin binder. The actual availability factor was found to range from 35 to 46%. Also shown was an improvement in rutting performance, with no adverse effects to intermediate temperature or low temperature performance because the mixtures are comprised of approximately 90% virgin asphalt. For mixtures containing RAs, a modified mixture design change was developed to improve blending between the aged and virgin asphalt binders. The actual availability factor was found to range from 50 to 100%. It was determined that RAs adversely affected the intermediate and low temperature properties of the mixtures studied due to the increase in the recycled binder content utilized within the mixture. In terms of low temperature properties, the use of soft binder performed similar to mixtures containing no RAs. The concentration of the high molecular RAS species exceeds 40% in which 25% of these are highly aggregated with apparent molecular weights approaching 100K. The use of RAs did not significantly dissociate the very high molecular weight species, and thus failed to improve mixture cracking resistance. In addition, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results were inconclusive.
| Author | : Athar Saeed |
| Publisher | : Transportation Research Board National Research |
| Total Pages | : 66 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : |
Explores performance-related procedures to test and select recycled hot-mix asphalt and portland cement concrete materials for use in unbound layers of highway pavements. Appendixes A through C of NCHRP Report 598, which cover the literature review and background information, new aggregate tests, and surface dielectric measurements, were published as NCHRP Web-Only Document 119.
| Author | : Imad L. Al-Qadi |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 924 |
| Release | : 2008-11-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0203881206 |
Internationally, significant attention is given to transport sustainability including planning, design, construction, evaluation, safety and durability of the road system. The 4th International Gulf Conference on Roads: Efficient Transportation and Pavement Systems - Characterization, Mechanisms, Simulation, and Modeling, hosted by the University o
| Author | : Manfred N. Partl |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 320 |
| Release | : 2018-02-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319710230 |
This book presents the detailed results of five task groups of the RILEM technical committee TC 237-SIB on Testing and Characterization of Sustainable Innovative Bituminous Materials and Systems. It concentrates on specific new topics in asphalt binder and mixture testing, dealing with new developments in asphalt testing, in particular also in view of new innovative bituminous materials, such as hot and cold recycled mixtures, grid reinforced pavements and recycled Reclaimed Asphalt Pavements (RAP), where test methods developed for traditional asphalt concrete are not a priori applicable. The main objective is providing a basis for pre-standardization by comparing different test methods and showing ways for fundamental improvements. Thus, the book also points the way for a further advanced chemo-physical understanding of materials and their role in pavement systems relying on fundamental material properties and suitable models for describing and predicting the intrinsic mechanisms that determine the material behavior.
| Author | : Carlos Chastre |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 382 |
| Release | : 2022-08-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3031058755 |
The book presents the recent advances on testing and experimentation in civil engineering, especially in the branches of geotechnics, transportation, hydraulics, and natural resources. It includes advances in physical modelling, monitoring techniques, data acquisition and analysis, and provides an invaluable contribution for the installation of new civil engineering experimental facilities. The first part of the book covers the latest advances in testing and experimentation in key domains of geotechnics: soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, rock mechanics and rock engineering, and engineering geology. Some of the topics covered include new developments in topographic survey acquisition for applied mapping and in situ geotechnical investigations; laboratory and in situ tests to estimate the relevant parameters needed to model the behaviour of rock masses and land structures; monitoring and inspection techniques designed for offshore wind foundations. The second part of the book highlights the relevance of testing and monitoring in transportation. Full-scale accelerated pavement testing, and instrumentation becomes even more important nowadays when, for sustainability purposes, non-traditional materials are used in road and airfield pavements. Innovation in testing and monitoring pavements and railway tracks is also developed in this part of the book. Intelligent traffic systems are the new traffic management paradigm, and an overview of new solutions is addressed here. Finally, in the third part of the book, trends in the field and laboratory measurements and corresponding data analysis are presented according to the different hydraulic domains addressed in this publication, namely maritime hydraulics, surface water and river hydraulics and urban water.
| Author | : Kamal H. Khayat |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 151 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
The main objective of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of using high-volume recycled materials for concrete production in rigid pavement. The goal was to replace 50% of the solids with recycled materials and industrial by-products. The performance of concrete mixtures made with different fine and coarse recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) contents and binder types was investigated. Both single-layer rigid pavement and two-lift concrete pavement (2LCP) were considered. The optimized mixtures developed 91-d compressive strength results from 5,900 to 8,600 psi. Flexural strength was mostly higher than 600 psi at 28 d. The modulus of elasticity ranged from 4.7 to 6.7 ksi at 56 d. Using the optimized binder incorporating 35% Class C fly ash and 15% slag reduced the 150-d drying shrinkage to values less than 350 to 500 micro epsilon. However, an increase in fine RCA content from 15% to 40% resulted in increased shrinkage values (up to 650 micro epsilon). The optimized mixtures exhibited frost durability factor higher than 88%. De-icing salt scaling ratings were limited to 3 for all mixtures, except the mixture with 15% GP and 35% FA-C. All mixtures exhibited comparable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values, ranging from 4.8 to 5.2 E-6 in/in/degrees F. Incorporation of RCA did not have a significant effect on CTE values. Based on the obtained data, it was concluded that concrete mixtures incorporating high volume recycled aggregate and SCMs can present viable choices for sustainable pavement construction. The following four mixtures exhibited satisfactory performance and can be used for construction of the single layer pavement: (1) MoDOT PCCP as the reference concrete; (2) concrete incorporating the optimized binder (15% slag and 35% Class C fly ash replacements), 0.40 w/cm, without any RCA; (3) concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.40 w/cm, and 30% coarse RCA (30C); concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.37 w/cm, and 50% coarse RCA (50C-37). The following three mixtures can be incorporated for construction of the top layer of the 2LCP systems: (1) MoDOT PCCP as reference; (2) concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.40 w/cm, without any RCA; (3) concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.40 w/cm, and 30% coarse RCA (30C). The following two mixtures can be employed for construction of the bottom layer of the 2LCP systems: (1) concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.37 w/cm, 50% coarse RCA, and 15% fine RCA (50C15F-37); (2) concrete incorporating the optimized binder, 0.37 w/cm, and 70% coarse RCA (70C-37).
