Conventional navigation is dependent upon ground-based radio navigation aids. It has been the mainstay of aviation for the last years. Pilots, operators, and manufacturers are all familiar with the associated technology, avionics, instrumentation, operations, training and performance. Performance-based navigation (PBN) detailed in the Performance-based Navigation (PBN) Manual (ICAO Doc 9613), is based upon area navigation principles. While various methods of area navigation have been in existence for many years, the widespread use of area navigation as a primary navigation function is a more recent phenomenon. The PBN concept is intended to better define the use of area navigation systems and is expected to replace many of the existing conventional navigation routes within the next twenty years. The fundamentals of PBN operations are relatively straightforward, and operational approval need not be a complicated process for either applicant or regulator. However, the transition to new technology, new navigation and new operational concepts and the dependence on data-driven operations require careful management. In this manual you will learn all about PBN, RNAV and RNP procedures.