Perceived Discrimination, Social Connectedness, Religious Coping, and Perceived Climate on Traumatic Stress for Muslim International Students

Perceived Discrimination, Social Connectedness, Religious Coping, and Perceived Climate on Traumatic Stress for Muslim International Students
Author: Sathya Baanu Jeevanba
Publisher:
Total Pages: 143
Release: 2021
Genre: Electronic dissertations
ISBN:

Posttraumatic stress symptoms have been consistently found to be elevated among people of color due to experiences of discrimination. Current literature on posttraumatic stress symptoms has mainly focused on race and ethnicity. It is possible that Muslim international students, who hold racial/ethnic and religious minority identities, experience posttraumatic stress symptoms due to perceived discrimination and a negative social climate (i.e., racist and Islamophobic). Additionally, researchers have examined the role of social connectedness and religious coping in mitigating negative health outcomes among minority groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experience of Muslim international students in the United States during a social and political shift of increased Islamophobia and anti-immigration policies. In this study of 133 Muslim international students, I hypothesized that social connectedness (i.e., mainstream and Muslim communities) and religious coping would moderate the positive relationship between perceived discrimination and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The results indicated that perceived discrimination predicted posttraumatic stress symptoms above and beyond perceived general stress; however, the present results did not support the roles of mainstream or Muslim social connectedness or religious coping as moderators between perceived discrimination and posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, mainstream social connectedness was significantly associated with fewer posttraumatic stress symptoms.

The Impact of Islamic Religiosity on Perceived Discrimination, Coping, and Psychological Outcomes

The Impact of Islamic Religiosity on Perceived Discrimination, Coping, and Psychological Outcomes
Author: Ramy Bassioni
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre: Electronic dissertations
ISBN:

The present study examined the moderating effects of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between racial-ethnic discrimination, religious prejudice, environmental prejudice, religious coping, perceived stress, and Islam's effect on well-being. Through Amazon's Mechanical Turk, 875 participants met screening requirements and completed the online survey. Participants completed measures of discrimination (i.e., racial-ethnic, religious prejudice, and environmental prejudice), religious coping (i.e., positive religious coping and negative religious coping), religiosity, well-being, and perceived stress. Analysis revealed that positive and negative religious coping mediated the relationship between the three forms of discrimination and perceived stress. However, positive religious coping mediated the relationship between the three forms of discrimination and Islam's effect on well-being, and negative religious coping only mediated the relationship between religious prejudice and Islam's effect on well-being. Religiosity was found to significantly moderate the relationship between positive religious coping and perceived stress and Islam's effect on well-being. Keywords: Islamic religiosity, religious discrimination, religious coping, well-being, perceived stress.

Perceived Discrimination Among Muslim Americans

Perceived Discrimination Among Muslim Americans
Author: Deirdre Scolardi
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

This study examined whether religion provides an overall greater sense of well-being when the religion being practiced is Islam. Over 400 Muslims in the US completed a survey assessing perceived discrimination and a variety of well-being indicators. Results suggested that discrimination was positively associated with anxiety, but not significantly associated with religiosity. When examining the two subscales of the religiosity measure: God consciousness and formal practices (going to mosque, praying), discrimination was negatively associated with God consciousness, but positively associated with formal practices. There was no relationship between overall religiosity and anxiety, but overt religious presentation (wearing a hijab, being open about one's faith) was positively associated with discrimination. These findings suggest that for Muslims in the US, outwardly expressing one's faith is more strongly tied to experiences of discrimination than religious belief itself. Further analyses revealed that the relationship between experiences of discrimination and well-being outcomes such as anxiety and self-esteem was moderated by authenticity and religiosity. Overall, frequent experiences of discrimination were associated with low levels of well-being regardless of one's authenticity or religiosity. In contrast, religiosity and authenticity were associated with higher well-being for people with less frequent experiences of discrimination.In addition to these findings, differences were found in both race and gender. Future studies would benefit by focusing on this segment of the population.

Muslim Couples

Muslim Couples
Author: Emel Genc
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

Muslims are one of the most discriminated groups and frequent targets of negative stereotype and discrimination, especially after the attacks on the U.S. by Muslim terrorists on September 11, 2011. Although there is sufficient evidence of discrimination toward Muslim adults in the U.S., there is limited information specific to Muslim couples. Studies on minority couples claim that the social disapproval and discrimination experience result in adverse relationship outcomes, however how couples cope with discrimination is unclear. This study examined the relationship between religious congruity and clothing style with religion-based couple discrimination and how dyadic coping moderates the mediating effects of couple negative interaction on the relationship between partners and relationship satisfaction. Participants were 129 Muslim couples residing in the U.S. Results indicated that men's clothing style and feeling religiously congruent with the community were related to the perception of discrimination. Further, perceiving discrimination was linked with destructive interaction between couples, which caused lower relationship satisfaction. However, couples' abilities to cope with stress reduced the indirect effect of perceived religion-based couple discrimination on relationship satisfaction.

Communities in Action

Communities in Action
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 583
Release: 2017-04-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309452961

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism

Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 184
Release: 2003-08-26
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0309167922

The Oklahoma City bombing, intentional crashing of airliners on September 11, 2001, and anthrax attacks in the fall of 2001 have made Americans acutely aware of the impacts of terrorism. These events and continued threats of terrorism have raised questions about the impact on the psychological health of the nation and how well the public health infrastructure is able to meet the psychological needs that will likely result. Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism highlights some of the critical issues in responding to the psychological needs that result from terrorism and provides possible options for intervention. The committee offers an example for a public health strategy that may serve as a base from which plans to prevent and respond to the psychological consequences of a variety of terrorism events can be formulated. The report includes recommendations for the training and education of service providers, ensuring appropriate guidelines for the protection of service providers, and developing public health surveillance for preevent, event, and postevent factors related to psychological consequences.

Posttraumatic Growth

Posttraumatic Growth
Author: Richard G. Tedeschi
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2018-06-12
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 131552743X

Posttraumatic Growth reworks and overhauls the seminal 2006 Handbook of Posttraumatic Growth. It provides a wide range of answers to questions concerning knowledge of posttraumatic growth (PTG) theory, its synthesis and contrast with other theories and models, and its applications in diverse settings. The book starts with an overview of the history, components, and outcomes of PTG. Next, chapters review quantitative, qualitative, and cross-cultural research on PTG, including in relation to cognitive function, identity formation, cross-national and gender differences, and similarities and differences between adults and children. The final section shows readers how to facilitate optimal outcomes with PTG at the level of the individual, the group, the community, and society.