Livelihood Pathways of Indigenous People in Vietnam’s Central Highlands

Livelihood Pathways of Indigenous People in Vietnam’s Central Highlands
Author: Huỳnh Anh Chi Thái
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 165
Release: 2018-01-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319711717

This study focuses on impacts of the environmental and socio-economic transformation on the indigenous people's livelihoods in Vietnam's Central Highlands recent decades since the country's reunification in 1975. The first empirical section sheds light on multiple external conditions (policy reforms, population trends, and market forces) exposed onto local people. The role of human and social capital is examined again in a specific livelihood of community-based tourism to testify the resilience level of local people when coping with constraints. The study concludes with an outlook on implications of development processed which still places agriculture at the primary position livelihood, and pays attention to human capital and social capital of indigenous groups in these highlands.

Africa's Land Rush

Africa's Land Rush
Author: Ruth Hall
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2015
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1847011306

Interrogates the narratives of land grabbing and agricultural investment through detailed local studies that illuminate how these are experienced on the ground and the implications for Africa's land and agricultural economy.

Land, Livelihood, the Economy and the Environment in Indonesia

Land, Livelihood, the Economy and the Environment in Indonesia
Author: Anne Booth
Publisher: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2012
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9794618241

This volume of essays is intended to honour an exceptional, indeed a unique scholar. Joan Hardjono grew up in Sydney and graduated from Sydney University in the mid-1950s. She majored in English and Geography and like most girls in those years who had managed to complete a tertiary degree, she probably expected to embark on a career as a high school teacher in Australia. But no doubt prompted by the spirit of adventure which she has kept throughout her long career, she decided to go to Indonesia as a volunteer teacher. The scheme which brought young Australian graduates to Indonesia at that time was pioneering; it pre-dated the US Peace Corps and several of the participants went on to distinguished academic careers. On the boat from Australia to Indonesia, she met a young Indonesian called Hardjono, who after participating in the struggle against the Dutch in the late 1940s, gained an engineering degree at the Institute of Technology in Bandung, then as now Indonesia’s leading tertiary institute for the study of engineering and technology. Joan was posted to teach in Semarang, the capital of the province of Central Java, and family legend has it that Hardjono used a borrowed motor cycle to pay her frequent visits, bringing with him Javanese delicacies as gifts. Since the late 1980s, Joan has been busy as a consultant to a number of bilateral and multilateral aid agencies. She has retired as a university teacher, but served for several years as an active member of the advisory board of a Bandung-based research organization, AKATIGA. She has also served since its inception in early 2001 on both the Board of Trustees and the Advisory Board of the Jakarta-based research group, The SMERU Research Institute. The editors are pleased that four chapters in this volume have been contributed by staff of these two institutions. Joan continues to be an active member of the SMERU boards, and in her advisory role, she has always stressed that SMERU should focus on what it does best, namely conducting solid research on the problems of poverty, social protection and unemployment, rather than engaging in policy advocacy. She worked very hard editing the institute’s first international publication, Poverty and Social Protection in Indonesia, which was published by the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore in 2011. Joan has often regretted the fact that so few Indonesian social scientists publish internationally, and has assisted a number of scholars over the years to turn their research findings into publishable papers in English-language outlets. Like many Indonesians in her age group, Joan has at times been disappointed that the country’s macroeconomic progress over the last four decades has not yet achieved the elusive goal of a just and prosperous society. To friends, she can be at times very critical of the performance of politicians and senior bureaucrats, both during the Suharto era and subsequently. But she would be the last to deny that some progress has been made. She continues to visit Australia on a regular basis, but Bandung remains her home, and she remains steadfast in her love for, and commitment to, the people of Indonesia.

Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization

Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization
Author: A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 483
Release: 2007-01-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134121903

A host of internationally eminent scholars are brought together here to explore the structural causes of rural poverty and income inequality, as well as the processes of social exclusion and political subordination encountered by the peasantry and rural workers across a wide range of countries. This volume examines the intersection of politics and economics and provides a critical analysis and framework for the study of neo-liberal land policies in the current phase of globalization. Utilizing new empirical evidence from ten countries, it provides an in-depth analysis of key country studies, a comparative analysis of agrarian reforms and their impact on rural poverty in Africa, Asia, Latin America and transition countries. Presenting an agrarian reform policy embedded in an appropriate development strategy, which is able to significantly reduce and hopefully eliminate rural poverty, this work is a key resource for postgraduate students studying in the areas of development economics, development studies and international political economy.

Migration, Land and Livelihoods

Migration, Land and Livelihoods
Author: George Curry
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 113
Release: 2016-03-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1317620569

This book critically and succinctly examines recent changes in land ownership, mobility and livelihoods in various Pacific island states, from East Timor to the Solomon Islands, where climate change, environmental change (including hazards of various origins), population growth and urbanization have contributed to new tensions and discords and resulted in complex structures of migration and resettlement. This has brought new and varied experiences of income and livelihood generation, and consequent reinterpretations of ‘modernity’ and ‘tradition’. In a series of detailed case studies this book traces various responses to such socio-economic changes both in how they are locally envisaged, as pressures on land have intensified, urban informal settlements and livelihoods have expanded and perceptions of identity and property rights have changed, and in national development policy responses. It offers valuable reflections on the complex balance between continuity and change, the tensions between social and economic development, the will to develop and the management of dissent and difference. This book was published as a special issue of Australian Geographer.

Atlas of agricultural livelihoods and climate risk of the Lao People's Democratic Republic 2019–2020

Atlas of agricultural livelihoods and climate risk of the Lao People's Democratic Republic 2019–2020
Author: ?Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Total Pages: 87
Release: 2022-08-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9251366780

This Atlas presents the first national dataset on livelihoods and the farmers capacity to adapt to climate change in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Maps included in the Atlas include the satisfaction of farmers’ basic needs, farmers’ access to the resources needed for innovation and the farmers’ capacity to translate innovation into action. The landscape characteristics mapped include attitudes towards livelihood-related change, economic activity, soil fertility, supporting infrastructure, food security issues, water security, institutional support and extension services, access to climate information through information and communication technologies (ICTs ), market access vis-a-vis production orientation, use of and access to agricultural inputs, livelihood diversification, and dependency on agriculture, including the rearing of livestock and fish. The dataset has been generated using an innovative method that combines participatory mapping and advanced data analysis, and which is, both in terms of technical standard and scientific innovation, state-of-the-art. The livelihood data is available online in the Land Resources Information Management System thanks to the work of two collaborating teams: "Applying seasonal climate forecasting and innovative insurance solutions to climate risk management in the agriculture sector in Southeast Asia” (De-Risk) project, implemented by CIAT; and the "Strengthening Agro-Climatic Monitoring and Information Systems (SAMIS)" project, implemented by FAO.

Single women, land and livelihood vulnerability in a communal area in Zimbabwe

Single women, land and livelihood vulnerability in a communal area in Zimbabwe
Author: Gaynor Gamuchirai Makura-Paradza
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 295
Release: 2023-09-04
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9086867006

There has been limited research on single women in customary tenure areas. Single women's experiences have been marginalized in research that focuses on notions of property, male headed domestic units and relies on normative research methods to investigate resource access in the communal farming areas of Zimbabwe. This work focuses on the hearth-hold as a domestic unit and uses innovative research methods to investigate how women outside the marriage institution negotiate access to land, livelihood resources and make decisions to cope with livelihood vulnerability in customary tenure areas. The research illustrates through a focus on pathways and rural-urban connections how single women make decisions to secure livelihoods under fast changing conditions. The findings that patriarchy is only one but not the only institution governing land access in customary tenure areas and that women have more room to negotiate land access in communal areas especially through entitlements, family obligations and exploitation of multi-layered tenure systems are some of the publication's contribution to knowledge on single women, customary land tenure and livelihood vulnerability.

Mitigating Land Degradation and Improving Livelihoods

Mitigating Land Degradation and Improving Livelihoods
Author: Feras Ziadat
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 281
Release: 2015-07-16
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1317624130

The research presented in this book demonstrates how an integrated ‘systems’ approach to farming in the watershed context increases the effectiveness of a production system and improves people’s livelihoods. It takes an integrated approach, using one watershed in Ethiopia as a ‘laboratory’ or model case study to focus on the interaction and interdependence between land, water, crops, soil, water harvesting, supplemental irrigation, forestry, socio-economic aspects, livestock and farm tools. A range of linked studies was conducted with active participation of the farming community and other relevant stakeholders, such as the local offices of agriculture and extension services. The starting point for the work was the premise that previous efforts to solve farming system constraints using a piecemeal approach or discipline-specific focus have not been successful. Thus, addressing agricultural and environmental constraints through a holistic approach enables the generation of comprehensive technologies to sustainably improve the natural resource base and livelihoods of communities. The authors discuss trade-offs and resource allocation, demonstrating how the environment can be protected while also improving productivity. A unique feature is the methodology developed for the selection of suitable fields and farmers to implement new approaches or improved technologies, to achieve production increases while reducing degradation of sensitive agro-ecosystems. It is also shown how the watershed scale is a valuable basis for assessing the protection of fragile lands.

Shifting Cultivation, Livelihood and Food Security

Shifting Cultivation, Livelihood and Food Security
Author: Christian Erni
Publisher:
Total Pages: 415
Release: 2015
Genre: Food security
ISBN: 9789251087619

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 13 September 2007. Since then, the importance of the role that indigenous peoples play in economic, social and environmental conservation through traditional sustainable agricultural practices has been gradually recognized. Consistent with the mandate to eradicate hunger, poverty and malnutrition--and based on the due respect for universal human rights--in August 2010 the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations adopted a policy on indigenous and tribal peoples in order to ensure the relevance of its efforts to respect, include, and promote indigenous people's related issues in its general work. This publication is an outcome of a regional consultation held in Bangkok, Thailand in November 2013. It documents seven case studies which were conducted in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Nepal and Thailand to take stock of the changes in livelihood and food security among indigenous shifting cultivation communities in South and Southeast Asia against the backdrop of the rapid socio-economic transformations currently engulfing the region. The case studies identify external--macro-economic, political, legal, policy--and internal--demographic, social, cultural--factors that hinder and facilitate achieving and sustaining livelihood and food security. The case studies also document good practices in adaptive changes among shifting cultivation communities with respect to livelihood and food security, land tenure and natural resource management, and identify intervention measures supporting and promoting good practices in adaptive changes among shifting cultivators in the region.