Payout Composition and Investors' Reaction to Dividend and Stock Repurchase Announcements

Payout Composition and Investors' Reaction to Dividend and Stock Repurchase Announcements
Author: David Gelb
Publisher:
Total Pages: 28
Release: 2000
Genre:
ISBN:

This study investigates the relative magnitude of the market reactions to dividend and stock repurchase announcements. Prior studies motivate conflicting predictions as to how investors perceive dividend distributions versus stock repurchase announcements as signals about future cash flows. Lucas and McDonald (1998) predict that firms with more favorable private information will pay less dividends and repurchase more shares. Other studies (Brickley [1983], Jagannathan et al. [1999]) argue that an increase in the regular dividend, because it entails an implicit commitment to maintain the higher payout level in future periods, represents a more positive signal about future cash flows. These studies predict that firms anticipating a more quot;permanentquot; increase in cash flows are more likely to distribute dividends than stock repurchases.I test these competing hypotheses by investigating how the market reaction to an announced distribution is affected by the composition of the firm's total (year-to-date) announced cash payout during the fiscal year. Lucas and McDonald (1998) argue that firms employ a combination of dividends and stock repurchases to minimize their total signaling costs and the market reaction to an announced cash distribution depends on the composition of the total payout (the proportion of the announced stock repurchase program to the sum of the announced value of the stock repurchase program and the dividend increase). I find that after controlling for the magnitude of the distribution and the information environment, the market reaction is more favorable when regular (but not one-time) dividends comprise a larger proportion of the total payout. My findings suggest that regular dividends are a more positive signal about future cash flows and elicit a more favorable market reaction than stock repurchases.Key Words: Corporate signaling; Dividends; Stock repurchases.

Dividends, Share Repurchases, and the Substitution Hypothesis

Dividends, Share Repurchases, and the Substitution Hypothesis
Author: Gustavo Grullon
Publisher:
Total Pages: 51
Release: 2001
Genre:
ISBN:

Over the past 20 years share repurchase programs have become an important payout method for US firms. Are these repurchases substitute for dividends? And if so, why has it taken so long to start to pay shareholders in a way that reduces their tax liability? Analyzing this trend we show that, unlike in the past, young firms have a strong tendency to pay cash through repurchases rather than dividends and that repurchases have become the preferred form of payout among firms initiating cash distributions to their equityholders. Large-established firms also show a higher propensity to payout cash through repurchases. Although we do not find that these firms have been cutting dividends, it seems that they have been financing their repurchase programs with funds that otherwise would have been used to increase dividends. These findings indicate that large-established firms have been gradually substituting repurchases for dividends. We also find evidence that suggests that investors view dividends and share repurchases as substitute payout methods. Specifically, we show that (1) the market reaction to dividend cuts is not significantly different from zero for repurchasing firms and (2) the market reaction surrounding share repurchase announcements is significantly more positive during periods where the benefit of substituting share repurchases for dividends is relatively large. Finally we address the question of why corporations have been waiting for so long to substitute repurchases for dividends. We present evidence consistent with the notion that regulatory constraints inhibited firms from aggressively repurchasing shares until 1982. Our findings may provide a partial explanation for the dividend puzzle.

Payout Policy

Payout Policy
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2007
Genre: Corporations
ISBN: 9781846632563

Dividend policy continues to be among the premier unsolved puzzles in finance. A number of theories have been advanced to explain dividend policy. This e-book briefly reviews the principal theories of payout policy and dividend policy and summarizes the empirical evidence on these theories. Empirical evidence is equivocal and the search for new explanation for dividends continues.

Corporate Payout Policy

Corporate Payout Policy
Author: Harry DeAngelo
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Total Pages: 215
Release: 2009
Genre: Corporations
ISBN: 1601982046

Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.

Dividends and Dividend Policy

Dividends and Dividend Policy
Author: H. Kent Baker
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 552
Release: 2009-05-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470455802

Dividends And Dividend Policy As part of the Robert W. Kolb Series in Finance, Dividends and Dividend Policy aims to be the essential guide to dividends and their impact on shareholder value. Issues concerning dividends and dividend policy have always posed challenges to both academics and professionals. While all the pieces to the dividend puzzle may not be in place yet, the information found here can help you gain a firm understanding of this dynamic discipline. Comprising twenty-eight chapters—contributed by both top academics and financial experts in the field—this well-rounded resource discusses everything from corporate dividend decisions to the role behavioral finance plays in dividend policy. Along the way, you'll gain valuable insights into the history, trends, and determinants of dividends and dividend policy, and discover the different approaches firms are taking when it comes to dividends. Whether you're a seasoned financial professional or just beginning your journey in the world of finance, having a firm understanding of the issues surrounding dividends and dividend policy is now more important than ever. With this book as your guide, you'll be prepared to make the most informed dividend-related decisions possible—even in the most challenging economic conditions. The Robert W. Kolb Series in Finance is an unparalleled source of information dedicated to the most important issues in modern finance. Each book focuses on a specific topic in the field of finance and contains contributed chapters from both respected academics and experienced financial professionals.

Stock repurchase and abnormal returns in den USA and Germany

Stock repurchase and abnormal returns in den USA and Germany
Author: Jan Heise
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 21
Release: 2008-02-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3638012379

Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: A+, University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth (Charlton Business School), course: Masters Kurs: Finance for Decision Making, language: English, abstract: Two of the most prominent trends in corporate finance in the U.S. during the past 15 years are the growing popularity of share repurchases and the decreasing popularity of dividends. Repurchasing stocks is another way for managers to distribute money to shareholders, thus it plays an equivalent role as dividend payments. Consistent with Grullon and Michaely (2002) U.S. corporations distribute cash by rather repurchasing stock than by paying dividends to shareholders. Fama and French (2001) argue in the same direction. Their study provides evidence that the proportion of corporations paying cash dividends fell from 66.5% in 1978 to 20.8% in 1999. According to Grullon’s (2000) findings the total of share repurchases exceeded the total of dividend payment for industrial firms in 1998. In Germany share repurchases were highly restricted until 1998. As a consequence the volume of repurchases was small. The popularity of repurchases in the U.S. and in other countries was a strong argument for lifting the restrictions. These days, German companies announce buybacks regularly. Although capital markets in the USA and Germany are efficient the impact of stock repurchase programs differ, resulting in higher stock performance after buyback announcements in Germany than in the USA.

Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities

Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities
Author: Donald DePamphilis
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 784
Release: 2011-08-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0123854857

Two strengths distinguish this textbook from others. One is its presentation of subjects in the contexts wherein they occur. The other is its use of current events. Other improvements have shortened and simplified chapters, increased the numbers and types of pedagogical supplements, and expanded the international appeal of examples.

Share Repurchases

Share Repurchases
Author: Theo Vermaelen
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Total Pages: 117
Release: 2005
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1933019166

This survey derives some of the key results on the taxation of international investment in variants of one model of multinational investment.

Mergers and Acquisitions Basics

Mergers and Acquisitions Basics
Author: Donald DePamphilis
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2010-10-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0080959091

Mergers and Acquisitions Basics: All You Need to Know provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts of mergers and acquisitions. Key concepts discussed include M&As as change agents in the context of corporate restructuring; legal structures and strategies employed in corporate restructuring; takeover strategies and the impact on corporate governance; takeover defenses; and players who make mergers and acquisitions happen. The book also covers developing a business plan and the tools used to evaluate, display, and communicate information to key constituencies both inside and outside the corporation; the acquisition planning process; the negotiation, integration planning, and closing phases; financing transactions; and M&A post-merger integration.This book is written for buyers and sellers of businesses, financial analysts, chief executive officers, chief financial officers, operating managers, investment bankers, and portfolio managers. Others who may have an interest include bank lending officers, venture capitalists, government regulators, human resource managers, entrepreneurs, and board members. The book may also be used as a companion or supplemental text for undergraduate and graduate students taking courses on mergers and acquisitions, corporate restructuring, business strategy, management, governance, and entrepreneurship. - Describes a broad view of the mergers and acquisition process to illustrate agents' interactions - Simplifies without overgeneralizing - Bases conclusions on empirical evidence, not experience and opinion - Features a recent business case at the end of each chapter

Financial Performance

Financial Performance
Author: Rory Knight
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2000-11-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0080477747

Financial Performance presents the foundation concepts underlying the Senior Executive Programmes the Authors have taught together and separately over the last 15 years in Europe, Asia and North America.These programmes includeThe Oxford Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Oxford Senior Executive Finance ProgrammeThe INSEAD Advanced Management ProgrammeThe IMI, Geneva, Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Harvard Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Oxford International Executive Programme, SingaporeThe IMI International Finance Programme, Singapore The book is intended as a reference manual as well as a textbook and will be of value to anyone with an interest in financial performance - particularly senior executives. The developments in modern finance over the last two decades have considerable implications for the way senior executives think about the finance discipline. It is no longer enough to have a rudimentary knowledge of basic finance and a heavy reliance on financial specialists. CEOs of course need excellent financial professionals - however they need to go beyond this and provide strategic leadership. This requires a conceptual framework for dealing with financial matters. This book provides a description of the underlying ideas and will be of value to anyone with an interest in financial performance - particularly senior executives. This book revolves around the concept of value and it is organised into two parts.Part I Performance MeasurementConsists of three chapters, all of which focus on the real and fairly complex set of financial statements of DaimlerChrysler AG. The first two chapters provide a detailed guided tour of the financial statements which deconstruct the complexity and then reconstruct the financials to provide a clearer base for analysis. These chapters have been arranged to deal with each line item of financial statements which have been highlighted in such a way to allow the reader to treat the materials as a reference as well as a sequential read. Chapter three presents a framework for evaluating financial health and introduces a cash flow based model for understanding the short and medium term constraints on a firm's growth. This exposition revolves around the concept of sustainable growth. Part 2 ValuationIn the second part of the book chapter 4 introduces the cost of capital concept followed by chapter 5 which provides a general source of reference for valuation and a variety of difference applications.Chapter 6 concludes the book with a review of concept of shareholder value from a European perspective.Rory Knight MA(Oxon), MCom, PhD, CADean (Emeritus), Templeton College, University of Oxford For the last five years Rory has been Dean of Templeton College, the University of Oxford's business college. During this time he led the Oxford Advanced Management Programme and he created the Oxford Senior Executive Finance Programme. He has considerable experience in business and management development. He is actively involved in briefing the senior executives of leading companies on issues in Finance and Strategy. Prior to coming to Oxford Dr Knight was the deputy director of a foundation within the Swiss National Bank (SNB) and previously a Professor in Finance at IMI, Geneva & IMD, Lausanne.Marc Bertoneche MA, MBA, DBA, PhdVisiting Professor, Harvard Business School Marc is a Professor in Business Administration at the University of Bordeaux and has been on the faculty at INSEAD, the European Institute of Business Administration in Fontainebleau France for more than twenty years. His areas of interest include corporate and financial strategy, mergers and acquisitions, venture capital, financial markets, corporate ownership and governance, risk management and international finance. He is currently visiting professor at the Harvard Business School.