Since the emergence of civilization, man has been marching in search of knowledge and wisdom. Various research studies have been proposed through education so that humanity, brotherhood and harmony are wedded together. Education is central for making life meaningful and purposeful. Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: central, state, and local. Takshasila was the earliest recorded centre of higher learning in India from at least 5th century B.C. and it is debatable whether it could be regarded a university or not. The Nalanda University was the oldest university system of education in the world. Western education became ingrained into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. Since gaining independence, India has made considerable progress in education with reference to overall literacy, infrastructure and universal access and enrolment in schools. This book covers a wide range of important topics on the development of education and ist progress at National level. The author is extremely grateful to the number of authors and scholars whose material has been consulted and referred to in this book. The author would heartily welcome and acknowledge quires, suggestions and comments, both from the teachers and the students for further improvement in the next edition.