Nearshore Marine Paleoclimatic Regions, Increasing Zoogeographic Provinciality, Molluscan Extinctions, and Paleoshorelines, California

Nearshore Marine Paleoclimatic Regions, Increasing Zoogeographic Provinciality, Molluscan Extinctions, and Paleoshorelines, California
Author: Clarence A. Hall
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Total Pages: 502
Release: 2002
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780813723570

Approximately 3000 middle and late Cenozoic nearshore marine molluscan taxa from western California are assigned to six time periods, spanning ~25 m.y. In this interdisciplinary study, western California is palinspastically restored for each of the time periods by backsliding and back-rotating large fault blocks or crustal units. Marine fossil assemblages are assigned to nearshore paleoclimatic regions or water masses within palinspastically restored California. In addition, this volume reveals positive feedback mechanisms between paleolatitudinal changes in sea-surface paleotemperature gradients and changes in the diversity of marine mollusks along the California coast through time; defines "equable" based effective temperatures; and analyzes extinction rates among macroinvertebrate marine taxa from coastal California and the possible causes of these extinctions. The late Paleogene to Neogene faunas reflect an increase in faunal diversity related to strengthened temperature gradients, greater extremes in sea-surface temperatures, reduction in temperateness, and the development of an embayed California coastline.

European Neogene Mammal Chronology

European Neogene Mammal Chronology
Author: Everett H. Lindsay
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 657
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1489925139

During the last ZO years great progress has been achieved in our understanding of both earth history and vertebrate evolution. The result is that climatic/tectonic events in earth history can now be placed in a more precise and global time frame, that permit their evaluation as abiotic causal factors which might trigger extinction and dispersal events in vertebrate history. Great strides have also been made in genetics and cell biology, providing new insight into phylogenetic relationships among many vertebrates. These new data, along with data on chronologie resolution of earth history, provide tests of previous interpretations regarding ancestral-descendant relationships based solely on the fossil record. It is fitting and proper that a volume on European Neogene mammal chronology is produced at this time, to ensure that new interpretations of vertebrate evolution and chronology are based on the most accurate and current data. Vertebrate paleon tologists believe that the fossil record is the only secure data for measuring the actual course and tempo of vertebrate evolution. Knowledge of the fossil record must keep pace with advances in other areas of science so that inferences on vertebrate evolu tion are accurate and meaningful.

Evolution and Geological Significance of Larger Benthic Foraminifera

Evolution and Geological Significance of Larger Benthic Foraminifera
Author: Marcelle K. BouDagher-Fadel
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 571
Release: 2008-10-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080931758

The over-all aim of the book is to collect and add to the information published already on the larger benthic foraminifera and in cases their associated algae. Many decades of research in the Far East, to some extent in the Middle East and Americas has lead to numerous articles with confused systematics. Therefore, with the aid of new and precise age dates, from calcareous nannofossils and Sr isotopes, the current schemes of the larger foraminifera in a relatively precise chronostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic framework are revised. This is achieved by: 1) establishing the systematic and occurrences of larger foraminifera from carbonate rocks in successions covering the Carboniferous to Miocene, with careful taxonomic comparison with the known records in the different bioprovinces; 2) illustration fossils of different families and groups at generic levels. 3) illustrations of important species and comparing distributions of different taxa.The inventory of larger benthic foraminifera focuses on the main important groups and the illustration of their genera. Reviews of the global state of the art of each group are complemented with the new data, and the direct palaeobiogeographic relevance of the new data is analyzed. - A unique, comprehensive reference work on the larger foraminifera - A documentation of the biostratigraphic ranges and palaeoecological significance of larger foraminifera which is essential for understanding many major oil-bearing sedimentary basins - The palaeogeographic interpretations of the shallow marine late Palaeozoic to Cenozoic world

Foraminiferal Micropaleontology for Understanding Earth's History

Foraminiferal Micropaleontology for Understanding Earth's History
Author: Pratul Kumar Saraswati
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 341
Release: 2021-06-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128242302

Foraminiferal Micropaleontology for Understanding Earth's History incorporates new findings on taxonomy, classification and biostratigraphy of foraminifera. Foraminifera offer the best geochemical proxies for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment interpretation. The study of foraminifera was promoted by oil exploration due to its exceptional use in subsurface stratigraphy. A rapid technological development in the past 20 years in the field of imaging microfossils and in geochemical microanalysis have added novel information about foraminifera. Foraminiferal Micropaleontology for Understanding Earth's History builds an understanding of biology, morphology and classification of foraminifera for its varied applications. In the past two decades, a phenomenal growth has occurred in geochemical proxies in shells of foraminifera, and as a result, crucial information about past climate of the earth is achieved. Foraminifera is the most extensively used marine microfossils in deep-time reconstruction of the earth history. Its key applications are in paleoenvironment and paleoclimate interpretation, paleoceanography, and biostratigraphy to continuously improve the Geologic Time Scale. - Provides an overview of the Earth history as witnessed and evidenced by foraminifera - Discusses a variety of geochemical proxies used in reconstruction of environment, climate and paleobiology of foraminifera - Presents a new insight into the morphology and classification of foraminifera by modern tools of x-ray microscopy, quantitative methods, and molecular research