Oxidative Stress and Hormesis in Evolutionary Ecology and Physiology

Oxidative Stress and Hormesis in Evolutionary Ecology and Physiology
Author: David Costantini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 359
Release: 2014-03-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642546633

This book discusses oxidative stress and hormesis from the perspective of an evolutionary ecologist or physiologist. In the first of ten chapters, general historical information, definitions, and background of research on oxidative stress physiology, hormesis, and life history are provided. Chapters 2-10 highlight the different solutions that organisms have evolved to cope with the oxidative threats posed by their environments and lifestyles. The author illustrates how oxidative stress and hormesis have shaped diversity in organism life-histories, behavioral profiles, morphological phenotypes, and aging mechanisms. The book offers fascinating insights into how organisms work and how they evolve to sustain their physiological functions under a vast array of environmental conditions.

Molecular Evolutionary Models in Drug Discovery

Molecular Evolutionary Models in Drug Discovery
Author: Juan Bueno
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2020-01-22
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128189290

Molecular Evolutionary Models in Drug Discovery explores the application of evolutionary molecular models in drug discovery in which secondary metabolites play a fundamental role. Secondary metabolites are not produced in isolation, they are the result of the interaction of genes, metabolism and the environment. The book examines the role of secondary metabolites as leads in drug discovery and on the development of a rational bioprospecting model for new medicines based on the evolution of secondary metabolism. These evolutionary models are part of biological systems and are the most reliable expression of the functioning of living beings. - Examines the integration and application of evolutionary models in the pharmaceutical industry to create new drug development platforms - Investigates the biotechnological prospecting of secondary metabolites and their potential use in the discovery of new drugs - Evaluates the ecosystem of living beings and how its molecular adaptation might improve the success of therapies

Fundamental Principles of Oxidative Stress in Metabolism and Reproduction

Fundamental Principles of Oxidative Stress in Metabolism and Reproduction
Author: Faiza Alam
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 370
Release: 2024-04-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0443188068

Fundamental Principles of Oxidative Stress in Metabolism and Reproduction: Prevention and Management is a comprehensive resource for anyone needing awareness and recognition of oxidative stress as a basic component of disease to determine the precise treatment plan considering the cause of the disease. It describes the effects of oxidative stress in the human body, the detection of metabolic changes, psychological impact and effect on reproductive outcomes. In addition, it discusses alterations at the cellular level occurring due to oxidative stress along with the genetic aspects involved in its pathogenesis. - Provides a holistic approach to the impact of oxidative stress on various systems - Incorporates recent advances in basic sciences for improvement in oxidative stress leading to better prognosis of metabolic conditions - Summarizes knowledge to detect oxidative stress for improvement of fertility outcomes

Development Strategies and Biodiversity

Development Strategies and Biodiversity
Author: David Costantini
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 319
Release: 2022-02-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030901319

Development is a complex and highly dynamic process involving the cross talk among genes, maternal effects and environmental circumstances. Widespread evidence from plant to animal species show that variation in developmental conditions can modulate life history trajectories and influence key traits, such as growth, reproduction, and senescence. These effects are not limited to a single generation but can also be passed on future generations. This book aims to bring together studies of early life effects from the fields of evolutionary biology, global change biology, and biomedicine to synthesise and improve current knowledge of the mechanisms involved, and how variation in early life conditions translates into Darwinian fitness outcomes. Relying on examples of organisms’ responses to the ongoing and future environmental challenges of the Anthropocene, this book takes a novel approach to address the adaptive meaning of early life effects. The book has a broad scientific approach, targeting eco-evolutionary biologists, behavioural biologists, eco-physiologists, eco-toxicologists, as well as epidemiologists and biomedical scientists.

Ecology of Wild Bird Diseases

Ecology of Wild Bird Diseases
Author: Sasan Fereidouni
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 527
Release: 2024-06-14
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1351206931

The book focuses on the ecology of the most important infectious diseases of wild avian hosts, especially those with high morbidity and mortality rates. Disease ecology is an important scientific approach to study the relationships and interactions between living organisms, their environment, and potential pathogens. Birds have high diversity, and the very special ability to fly and migrate. They migrate over long distances, and share ecosystems with other animals, even humans. They serve as the most important natural source of several pathogens with zoonotic potential. Bird-pathogen interactions are increasingly changing due to the continuous anthropogenic disturbances in habitats and ecosystems. With intensified climate change and improved environmental conditions for vectors, as well as higher susceptibility of avian hosts due to simultaneous exposure to environmental stressors (e.g., contamination, food limitation, etc.), the probability of emerging new infections and their expansion into new territories increase tremendously. The Covid-19 pandemic has shown that neglected ecological and epidemiological interactions between wildlife, domestic animals and humans are paramount to global health. The book has a different approach to understanding complex and multiscale interactions among various ecological factors for the most important infectious diseases of wild birds. It provides valuable data to students and everyone who deals with avian species including biologists, researchers, conservationists, and policymakers.

Toxicology of Amphibian Tadpoles

Toxicology of Amphibian Tadpoles
Author: Eduardo Alves de Almeida
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 558
Release: 2023-12-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 100383714X

Anuran amphibians are among the animal groups with the highest rate of population decline on the planet. Among the factors driving this decline are environmental pollutants, whose negative effects on larvae and tadpoles are still relatively little studied. This is the first book devoted entirely to studying the effects of environmental pollutants on amphibian tadpoles. Throughout its 14 chapters, various aspects of the toxic effects of different classes of environmental contaminants are explored, such as the toxicokinetics of toxic compounds in tadpoles and their health effects, which may result in negative consequences at populations level.

Nests, Eggs, and Incubation

Nests, Eggs, and Incubation
Author: D. Charles Deeming
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 440
Release: 2015-08-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0191028797

Nests, Eggs, and Incubation brings together a global team of leading authorities to provide a comprehensive overview of the fascinating and diverse field of avian reproduction. Starting with a new assessment of the evolution of avian reproductive biology in light of recent research, the book goes on to cover four broad areas: the nest, the egg, incubation, and the study of avian reproduction. New research on nest structures, egg traits, and life history is incorporated, whilst contemporary methodologies such as self-contained temperature probes and citizen science are also discussed. Applied chapters describe how biological knowledge can be applied to challenges such as urbanisation and climate change. The book concludes by suggesting priorities for future research. This book builds upon the foundations laid down by Charles Deeming's 2002 work Avian Incubation (available for readers of this book to access online for free), much of which remains relevant today. Read in conjunction with this previous volume, it provides an up-to-date and thorough review of egg biology, nest function, and incubation behaviour, which will be an essential resource for students of avian biology, as well as both professional and amateur ornithologists working in the field of avian reproduction.

The Kestrel

The Kestrel
Author: David Costantini
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2020-08-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1108612660

Widespread across open lands and cities of Europe, Africa, and Asia, the common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) is one of the most abundant and studied birds of prey. This book brings together and synthesises the results of research on kestrels for professional ornithologists and scientists that seek to consolidate a vast body of literature. It is also a reference for those readers who may not have the depth of scientific knowledge to navigate new fields of scientific enquiry. It examines many aspects of the species' biology, from the reproductive strategies to the behavioural and demographic adaptations to changes of environmental conditions. It also discusses the roles of physiology and immunology in mediating the adaptability of kestrels to the ongoing environmental changes with a particular focus on contaminants. This volume presents new and exciting avenues of research on the ecology and behaviour of the common kestrel.