In this probing critique of "androcentric culture," pioneering feminist Charlotte Perkins Gilman analyzes with wit and insight the many negative effects of male domination, not only on women in particular but on the welfare of the human race as a whole. Society's long history of male hegemony and female subservience has not enhanced the natural qualities of the human race but rather distorted them, says Gilman, as can be seen in many of society's institutions. In separate chapters she discusses family, art, literature, games and sports, ethics and religion, education, fashion, law and government, crime and punishment, politics and warfare, and industry and economics. In each case she shows how the domineering male influence has caused grievous problems.For example, in regard to family, she notes, "We live to-day in a democracy. . . the man-made family is a despotism. . . . The male is esteemed 'the head of the family.'. . . A normal home, where there was human equality between mother and father, would have a better influence. . . . Friendship does not need 'a head.' Love does not need 'a head.' Why should a family?"Critiquing politics and warfare, she observes, "The inextricable confusion of politics and warfare is part of the stumbling block in the minds of men. As they see it, a nation is primarily a fighting organization; and its principal business is offensive and defensive warfare. . . . Fighting, when all is said, is to them the real business of life." By contrast, for women, "Service and love and doing good are the spirit of motherhood, and the essence of human life. Human life is service, and is not combat. There you have the nature of the change upon us."