A History of Education Before the Middle Ages

A History of Education Before the Middle Ages
Author: Franklin Pierrepont Graves
Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2005-12-01
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1596055863

This education of the early Romans produced a nation of warriors and loyal citizens, but it inevitably tended to make them calculating, selfish, overbearing, cruel, and rapacious. They never possessed either lofty ideals or enthusiasm. Their training was best adapted to a small state, and became unsatisfactory when they had spread over the entire peninsula. -from "Rome and the Roman World" This 1909 classic of educational history surveys the evolution of teaching from humanity's primitive roots through the organization of Christian monastic schools in the Middle Ages. Aimed at educators but of interest to anyone fascinated by the course of human progress, this is the story of how social forces shaped the ever-increasing sphere of knowledge our ancestors sought to understand, how educational ideals and traditions both helped to form and were formed by the advance from nature to culture as the driver of civilization, and how systematic training shifted civic focus from the group to the individual. Egypt, Babylon, China, Persia, India, Greece, and Rome: the influence of all is explored, and the inestimable legacies of these ancient cultures on contemporary education frankly assessed. American educator and classical scholar FRANK PIERREPONT GRAVES (1869-1943) taught at Ohio State University and the Universities of Missouri and Pennsylvania. From 1921 till 1940, he was commissioner of education and president of the University of the State of New York.

Beyond Education

Beyond Education
Author: Eli Meyerhoff
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Total Pages: 277
Release: 2019-07-23
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1452960224

A bold call to deromanticize education and reframe universities as terrains of struggle between alternative modes of studying and world-making Higher education is at an impasse. Black Lives Matter and #MeToo show that racism and sexism remain pervasive on campus, while student and faculty movements fight to reverse increased tuition, student debt, corporatization, and adjunctification. Commentators typically frame these issues as crises for an otherwise optimal mode of intellectual and professional development. In Beyond Education, Eli Meyerhoff instead sees this impasse as inherent to universities, as sites of intersecting political struggles over resources for studying. Meyerhoff argues that the predominant mode of study, education, is only one among many alternatives and that it must be deromanticized in order to recognize it as a colonial-capitalist institution. He traces how key elements of education—the vertical trajectory of individualized development, its role in preparing people to participate in governance through a pedagogical mode of accounting, and dichotomous figures of educational waste (the “dropout”) and value (the “graduate”)—emerged from histories of struggles in opposition to alternative modes of study bound up with different modes of world-making. Through interviews with participants in contemporary university struggles and embedded research with an anarchist free university, Beyond Education paves new avenues for achieving the aims of an “alter-university” movement to put novel modes of study into practice. Taking inspiration from Black Lives Matter, Occupy Wall Street, and Indigenous resurgence projects, it charts a new course for movements within, against, and beyond the university as we know it.

Democracy and Education

Democracy and Education
Author: John Dewey
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 456
Release: 1916
Genre: Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN:

. Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action. While the living thing may easily be crushed by superior force, it none the less tries to turn the energies which act upon it into means of its own further existence. If it cannot do so, it does not just split into smaller pieces (at least in the higher forms of life), but loses its identity as a living thing. As long as it endures, it struggles to use surrounding energies in its own behalf. It uses light, air, moisture, and the material of soil. To say that it uses them is to say that it turns them into means of its own conservation. As long as it is growing, the energy it expends in thus turning the environment to account is more than compensated for by the return it gets: it grows. Understanding the word "control" in this sense, it may be said that a living being is one that subjugates and controls for its own continued activity the energies that would otherwise use it up. Life is a self-renewing process through action upon the environment.

The History and Philosophy of Art Education

The History and Philosophy of Art Education
Author: Stuart Macdonald
Publisher: James Clarke & Co.
Total Pages: 436
Release: 2004
Genre: Art
ISBN: 9780718891534

Investigating the study of art and design education in Italy, France, Britain, Germany and the United States, this text traces the philosophies of teachers from the age of the guilds and the academies, setting them in the context of the general educationtheories of their times.