The Joggins Fossil Cliffs

The Joggins Fossil Cliffs
Author: John Calder
Publisher: Formac Publishing Company
Total Pages: 98
Release: 2017-05-01
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1459504186

As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Joggins Fossil Cliffs offer an unprecedented glimpse into the Earth's history. Bearing fossils of organisms from the lush, tropical forests that existed in the Coal Age — when the continents were assembled into one huge land mass or supercontinent, Pangea — Joggins traces, through layers of sediment, the massive environmental and geologic shifts that have occurred in the planet in the intervening millennia. From fossilized trees that stood thirty metres high to the remains of the earliest known reptile, Hylonomus lyelli, Joggins holds important information about the development of life on Earth — including offering lessons about human impacts on the environment. The Cliffs also share a story of human tenacity and rigorous debate on historical theories of evolution. Sir Charles Lyell and Sir William Dawson, two early geologists who studied Joggins extensively, influenced Charles Darwin with their findings of early fossil remains, particularly hollow tree fauna. The extent of their research at the Joggins site remains unparalleled and significant to this day. The book outlines these stories and more, including Mi'kmaq settlement of the area and the rise of the coal mining industry in the 19th century. It also shares the perspectives of Joggins residents today, and their efforts to preserve this globally significant location and the precious historical information it holds.

Transportation and the Future

Transportation and the Future
Author: United States. Department of Transportation. Assistant Secretary for Governmental Affairs
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 1979
Genre: Government publications
ISBN:

Ice Tunnel Closure Phenomena

Ice Tunnel Closure Phenomena
Author: John F. Abel
Publisher:
Total Pages: 56
Release: 1961
Genre: Civil engineering
ISBN:

The mechanics of closure, exhibited by ice tunnels, can be understood by considering the ice as a viscous solid. The viscous solid will flow, when subjected to a force, at a rate dependent on the magnitude of the force, the area of relief open for flow, and the apparent viscosity of the viscous solid. In the case of the ice tunnels, the force inducing the flow is the weight of the overburden; the area of relief open for flow is the tunnel opening; and apparent viscosity is the resistance to flow exhibited by the ice. The closure of a rectangular opening made in ice was measured. Maximum closure occurs at the center of unsupported roof, wall, or floor spans. The vertical closure rate decreases negligibly approximately 2% from the center of a room to approximately 6 ft from the wall. From the point about 6 ft from the wall to the wall, the closure rate decreases about 30%. Approximately 30% of vertical closure at the center of the span is due to flexure of the floor and roof. The remaining 70% is due to shortening of the wall height; the major portion of this wall closure occurs at the bottom of the wall. Over 80% of closure due to flexure of the floor and roof results from flexure of the floor. (Author).

The Last Billion Years

The Last Billion Years
Author: Atlantic Geoscience Society
Publisher: Nimbus Publishing (CN)
Total Pages: 220
Release: 2001
Genre: History
ISBN:

This book is about the history of the rocks and fossils of the Maritime Provinces of Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and PEI) over the last billion years. The book is beautifully illustrated in full colour, with original paintings of ancient vistas, over 150 photographs, and crisp explanatory diagrams and sketches.

Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology

Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology
Author: John Meacham Hunt
Publisher: W H Freeman & Company
Total Pages: 743
Release: 1996
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780716724414

This text clearly integrates the contributions of geology, geophysics and other branches of geoscience into one complete, definitive volume. Abundant tables and figures, chapter summaries and references contribute to the book's clarity and comprehensiveness.