One-dimensional Stress Wave Propagation in Soils

One-dimensional Stress Wave Propagation in Soils
Author: Lynn Seaman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 175
Release: 1966
Genre:
ISBN:

Soil behavior during stress wave propagation was studied on a sand and two clays by making one-dimensional wave propagation tests on 5-meter long columns of the soils. Attempts were made to predict this behavior by determining soil properties in dynamic compression tests on small samples and by using these properties in a variety of mathematical models for soils. In all the wave propagation tests, stress and acceleration records were very similar, showing that the three soils differ in degree, not in kind. Peak stress and particle velocity attenuated to 20-40% of the peak value in the length of the 5-meter column. Two theoretical soil models were analyzed: one to investigate the effect of combined time-dependent and time-independent dissipation, and one to study the effects of nonlinear stress-strain relations and geostatic stress. Comparison of the theoretical predictions from the first of these and two previously studied models (using properties obtained from compression tests on soil samples) with the wave propagation results shows: (1) For clays the arrival time of the wave at the column base was within 10% of that calculated from the tangent modulus, and for sand it was within 25%. (2) Attenuation of peak stress and particle velocity was predicted within plus or minus 50% at the base of the column (5-meter length). (Author).

Theoretical Studies of Stress Wave Propagation in Laterally Confined Soils

Theoretical Studies of Stress Wave Propagation in Laterally Confined Soils
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1999
Genre:
ISBN:

In order to overcome the mathematical difficulties in the solution of one-dimensional stress wave propagation in soils, real soil stress-strain relationships are often idealized by various simple mathematical models. A considerable body of scientific literature on one-dimensional stress wave propagation for such models has been published in recent years by various researchers, both in the United States and abroad. The pertinent literature applicable to one-dimensional stress wave propagation in soils are collected and studied in detail. Comparative studies are made with the various mathematical models for a wave propagation problem. Fortran computer programs for each of the analytical solutions are included as appendixes.

Theoretical Studies of Stress Wave Propagation in Laterally Confined Soils

Theoretical Studies of Stress Wave Propagation in Laterally Confined Soils
Author: Behzad Rohani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1999
Genre: Shock (Mechanics)
ISBN:

In order to overcome the mathematical difficulties in the solution of one-dimensional stress wave propagation in soils, real soil stress-strain relationships are often idealized by various simple mathematical models. A considerable body of scientific literature on one-dimensional stress wave propagation for such models has been published in recent years by various researchers, both in the United States and abroad. The pertinent literature applicable to one-dimensional stress wave propagation in soils are collected and studied in detail. Comparative studies are made with the various mathematical models for a wave propagation problem. Fortran computer programs for each of the analytical solutions are included as appendixes.

Stress Waves in Non-Elastic Solids

Stress Waves in Non-Elastic Solids
Author: W. K. Nowacki
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 259
Release: 2018-03-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1483153932

Stress Waves in Non-Elastic Solids is a comprehensive presentation of the principles underlying the propagation of stress waves in non-elastic solids, with emphasis on wave problems in the theory of plasticity. This book exposes wave propagation problems for a range of material responses and justifies the hypotheses introduced in specialized theories and the simplifications made in the analysis of particular problems. Both analytical and numerical methods of solving problems are described, and a large number of solutions to specific problems of wave propagation in inelastic solids are given. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of the fundamental equations of the dynamics of inelastic media. The dynamical properties of metals and soils are discussed, offering an account of the most representative theories of plasticity and viscoplasticity. The next chapter considers the basic definitions of discontinuity surfaces and the conditions that must to be satisfied across these surfaces. Certain mathematical fundamentals are given, referring to systems of differential equations, quasi-linear and semi-linear, of the first order. Initial and boundary value problems for hyperbolic equations are also formulated. The remaining chapters focus on methods of solving stress wave propagation problems, including one-dimensional plane waves and longitudinal-transverse waves. Wave propagation problems for elastic-plastic and elastic/viscoplastic media are treated in detail, along with the most important problem of shock waves in metals and soils. The last chapter deals with thermal wave propagation problems. This monograph will be a valuable resource for students and practitioners of engineering, physics, and mathematics.

Study of Wave Propagation in Confined Soils

Study of Wave Propagation in Confined Soils
Author: D. Hampton
Publisher:
Total Pages: 159
Release: 1968
Genre: Soils
ISBN:

The report covers an experimental program dealing with the propagation of stress waves through horizontal columns of soil. The soil specimens were contained in a segmented hollow cylinder consisting of 1-in.-long aluminum sections of about 3 in. diam, with 1/8-in. foam rubber spacers on each end. Two soils were used in the study, EPK clay and McCormick Ranch sand. Embedded stress and strain gages were used to measure time histories and information was gained concerning stress-strain characteristics. Data were obtained on peak stress attenuation, velocities of wave propagation and peak stress, wave front development, and experimental error. Two test series were run. The first was for the purpose of perfecting the confining chamber and shock tube apparatus. The second was the main test series to be used for analysis. In the latter, data analysis took the form of a comparison of laboratory wave propagation results with predictions by a one-dimensional lumped parameter computer code developed at IITRI. (Author).

Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering

Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering
Author: Milutin Srbulov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 263
Release: 2008-09-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402086849

... "Included on the Choice list with the outstanding academic Earth Sciences titles 2008" ... This volume describes simplified dynamic analyses that bridge the gap between the rather limited provisions of design codes and the rather eclectic methods used in sophisticated analyses. Graphs and spreadsheets are included for the ease and speed of use of simplified analyses of: soil slope (in)stability and displacements caused by earthquakes, sand liquefaction and flow caused by earthquakes, dynamic soil-foundation interaction, bearing capacity and additional settlement of shallow foundations, earthquake motion effects on tunnels and shafts, frequent liquefaction potential mitigation measures. A number of comments on the assumptions used in different methods, limitation and factors affecting the results are given. Several case histories are also included in the appendices in order to assess the accuracy and usefulness of the simplified methods. Audience This work is of interest to geotechnical engineers, engineering geologists, earthquake engineers and students.

Stress-strain-time Behavior of Soil in One Dimensional Compression

Stress-strain-time Behavior of Soil in One Dimensional Compression
Author: Robert V. Whitman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 564
Release: 1963
Genre: Soil mechanics
ISBN:

Ground motion prediction formulas based upon elastic wave propagation in one-dimension (no strain transverse to the propagation direction) have been used widely in protective construction work. Actual soil materials exhibit many deviations from elastic behavior. This report assesses the probable influence of these non-elastic effects upon the accuracy of the above-mentioned prediction formulas, and upon the question of stress attenuation with depth. Three different models of soil behavior are assumed: a standard 3-element visco-elastic model (spring in series with spring-dashpot combination); a compacting model (straight line loading and unloading curves); and an ''elastic'' model in which any arbitrary shape may be assigned to the loading stress-strain curve. This report deals primarily with the first of these three models; the possible significance and probable importance of the third model are discussed briefly. By combining the theoretical and experimental results, it is shown that the elastic ground motion prediction formulas are generally valid (for cases where it is appropriate to think of one-dimensional motion); i.e. the possible effects of viscosity and inelasticity are no greater than uncertainties as to the order of magnitude of the compressibility of an in situ soil mass. (Author).

Stress Propagation in Soils

Stress Propagation in Soils
Author: L. Seaman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 202
Release: 1963
Genre: Soil mechanics
ISBN:

A knowledge of soil motions resulting from nuclear explosions is necessary for the design of underground structures which are to survive a nuclear attack. In this project the authors studied wave propagation in soil and developed methods for predicting wave propagation phenomena based on data from laboratory compression tests on soil samples. The study was restricted to one-dimensional wave propagation in a sand and a clay. Extensive wave propagation tests were made on 5-meter columns of Monterey sand of various densities subjected to transient loads of different intensities and duration. Stresses and particle velocities were measured at various locations in the column to test the validity of theoretical models representing sand. The main feature of stress wave propagation--stress attenuation--can be predicted for sand on the basis of a rate-independent model. In addition, wave front development, wave velocity, particle velocity attenuation, and duration of the stress wave are described qualitatively by this model in combination with a second rate-independent model. The parameters of the models can be determined from static or dynamic compression test data on small samples of sand. (Author).