Self-sufficiency in advanced computer science is fast becoming a major strategic resource. This book focuses on the medium- and long-term directions in software research, stimulated by national programmes in America, Japan and Europe. In it, leading academic and industrial researchers explore the state-of-the-art in knowledge-based systems, software technology and the applications of artificial intelligence in business. The description of the prospects for technical advance within the emerging infrastructure for pre-competitive research is essential reading for computer scientists involved in formulating the agenda for collaboration. It will also be invaluable to all those concerned with economic and social development who wish to make informed interventions in the processes of conception, evaluation and implementation of these programmes.