Ockhams Theory Of Terms
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| Author | : William Ockham |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Logic |
| ISBN | : 9781587316067 |
William of Ockham, the most prestigious philosopher of the fourteenth century, was a late Scholastic thinker who is regarded as the founder of Nominalism, the school of thought that denies that universals have any reality apart from the individual things signified by the universal or general term. Ockham's Summa Logicae was intended as a basic text in philosophy, but it's originality and scope encompass his whole system of philosophy. Yet the paucity of English translations and the structural complexity of the Latin have made the Summa, until now, almost completely inaccessible. Here Michael Loux has translated the first part of the Summa, one of the most original and influential medieval texts in logic. Preceding the translation are two essys: The first focuses on Ockham's ontology; the second deals with his theory of supposition. They are meant to introduce the reader to the central themes of Part I of the Summa, but, while introductory, these essays incorporate a controversial interpretation of Ockham which is intended to suggest a continuity between his philosophy and the work of contemporary analytic philosophy. Book jacket.
| Author | : Claude Panaccio |
| Publisher | : Fordham Univ Press |
| Total Pages | : 446 |
| Release | : 2017-02-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0823272613 |
The notion that human thought is structured like a language, with a precise syntax and semantics, has been pivotal in recent philosophy of mind. Yet it is not a new idea: it was systematically explored in the fourteenth century by William of Ockham and became central in late medieval philosophy. Mental Language examines the background of Ockham's innovation by tracing the history of the mental language theme in ancient and medieval thought. Panaccio identifies two important traditions: one philosophical, stemming from Plato and Aristotle, and the other theological, rooted in the Fathers of the Christian Church. The study then focuses on the merging of the two traditions in the Middle Ages, as they gave rise to detailed discussions over the structure of human thought and its relations with signs and language. Ultimately, Panaccio stresses the originality and significance of Ockham's doctrine of the oratio mentalis (mental discourse) and the strong impression it made upon his immediate successors.
| Author | : Thomas Michael Osborne |
| Publisher | : CUA Press |
| Total Pages | : 280 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0813221781 |
This book sets out a thematic presentation of human action, especially as it relates to morality, in the three most significant figures in Medieval Scholastic thought: Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham
| Author | : Paul Vincent Spade |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 440 |
| Release | : 1999-12-13 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780521587907 |
Offers a full discussion of all significant aspects of this medieval philosopher's thought.
| Author | : Rondo Keele |
| Publisher | : Open Court Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 203 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Biography & Autobiography |
| ISBN | : 0812696506 |
Ockham Explained is an important and much-needed resource on William of Ockham, one of the most important philosophers of the Middle Ages. His eventful and controversial life was marked by sharp career moves and academic and ecclesiastical battles. At 28, Ockham was a conservative English theologian focused obsessively on the nature of language, but by 40, he had transformed into a fugitive friar, accused of heresy, and finally protected by the German emperor as he composed incendiary treatises calling for strong limits on papal authority. This book provides a thorough grounding in Ockham's life and his many contributions to philosophy. It begins with an overview of the philosopher's youth and the Aristotelian philosophy he studied as a boy. Subsequent chapters cover his ideas on language and logic; his metaphysics and vaunted "razor," as well as his opponents' "anti-razor" theories; his invention of the church-state separation; and much more. The concluding chapter sums up Ockham's compelling philosophical personality and explains his modern appeal.
| Author | : Elliott Sober |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 325 |
| Release | : 2015-07-23 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 131636853X |
Ockham's razor, the principle of parsimony, states that simpler theories are better than theories that are more complex. It has a history dating back to Aristotle and it plays an important role in current physics, biology, and psychology. The razor also gets used outside of science - in everyday life and in philosophy. This book evaluates the principle and discusses its many applications. Fascinating examples from different domains provide a rich basis for contemplating the principle's promises and perils. It is obvious that simpler theories are beautiful and easy to understand; the hard problem is to figure out why the simplicity of a theory should be relevant to saying what the world is like. In this book, the ABCs of probability theory are succinctly developed and put to work to describe two 'parsimony paradigms' within which this problem can be solved.
| Author | : Han Thomas Adriaenssen |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 289 |
| Release | : 2017-04-13 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1107181623 |
The first comparative study of the sceptical reception of representationalism in medieval and early modern thought.
| Author | : Jenny Pelletier |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 309 |
| Release | : 2012-10-31 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9004230165 |
In William Ockham on Metaphysics, Jenny Pelletier offers an account of Ockham's concept of metaphysics as it emerges throughout his philosophical and theological work. She argues that Ockham (c. 1287-1347) believed metaphysics to be a fruitful branch of philosophy and gives a preliminary description of its distinctive subject-matter. Metaphysics is the science that studies all beings and their most general properties. Ockham was considered by some to be profoundly skeptical of metaphysics. Recent scholarship tends to focus on regional metaphysical issues (e.g. universals, relations), logic or semantics, theory of cognition, concepts, mental language. Jenny Pelletier provides a positive interpretation of Ockham on metaphysics as such that enriches our current understanding of this seminal medieval thinker.
| Author | : Katherine Tachau |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 450 |
| Release | : 2022-07-11 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9004451722 |
When William of Ockham lectured on Lombard’s Sentences in 1317-1319, he articulated a new theory of knowledge. Its reception by fourteenth-century scholars was, however, largely negative, for it conflicted with technical accounts of vision and with their interprations of Duns Scotus. This study begins with Roger Bacon, a major source for later scholastics’ efforts to tie a complex of semantic and optical explanations together into an account of concept formation, truth and the acquisition of certitude. After considering the challenges of Peter Olivi and Henry of Ghent, Part I concludes with a discussion of Scotus’s epistemology. Part II explores the alternative theories of Peter Aureol and William of Ockham. Part III traces the impact of Scotus, and then of Aureol, on Oxford thought in the years of Ockham’s early audience, culminating with the views of Adam Wodeham. Part IV concerns Aureol’s intellectual legacy at Paris, the introduction of Wodeham’s thought there, and Autrecourt’s controversies.
| Author | : Shane Parrish |
| Publisher | : Penguin |
| Total Pages | : 209 |
| Release | : 2024-10-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0593719972 |
Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.
