Obesity In America 1850 1939
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| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 209 |
| Release | : 2008-08-29 |
| Genre | : Health & Fitness |
| ISBN | : 0786441208 |
This is a study of obesity in America from 1850 to 1939, concentrating on how the condition was viewed, studied, and treated. It examines the images and stereotypes that were associated with fatness, the various remedies that were proposed for the condition, and the often bizarre theories used to explain it, including the idea that ordinary tap water was fattening. From about 1850 to 1879, obesity existed almost exclusively among the upper class, and it received very little medical attention. From 1880 to 1919, doctors, scientists, and other health professionals began to present a coherent theory of obesity. By 1920, the condition was recognized as a big enough health issue that various groups, ranging from private employers to public health officials, began developing some of the nation's first organized weight reduction programs.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 225 |
| Release | : 2015-01-28 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1476619816 |
Americans began chewing gum long before 1850, scraping resin from spruce trees, removing any bits of bark or insects and chewing the finished product. Commercially-made gum was of limited availability and came in three types--tree resin, pretroleum-based paraffin and chicle-based--the latter, a natural latex, ultimately eclipsing its rivals by 1920. Once considered a women-only bad habit, chewing gum grew in popularity and was soon indulged in by all segments of society. The gum industry tried vigorously to export the habit, but it proved uniquely American and would not stick abroad. This book examines the chewing gum industry in the United States from 1850 to 1920, the rise and spread of gum chewing and the reactions--nearly all negative--to the habit from editorial writers, reformers, religious figures, employers and the courts. The age-old problem of what to do with chewed gum--some saved it in lockets around their neck; some shared it with friends--is also covered.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 210 |
| Release | : 2011-10-14 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0786489073 |
The poverty that drives people to begging has been a pressing social issue in the United States since the beginning. This historical work explores begging1and beggars in the period 1850 to 1940, with emphasis on how the police, the courts, the media and private charity organizations dealt with them. Efforts to suppress mendicancy are explored, including legislation, police crackdowns, and public vouchers for meals and shelter. Of particular interest is the way in which media portrayals have guided public perception of mendicants. Despite the massive social upheavals the last two centuries have brought, all efforts to suppress begging have failed. Many of the complaints and arguments made against beggars and begging in 1850 and 1900 and 1940 were also made into the 21st century because, in the end, the public continued to give alms.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 231 |
| Release | : 2019-11-12 |
| Genre | : Transportation |
| ISBN | : 147663808X |
In the last third of the 1800s, America was struck by a bicycle craze. This trend massively impacted the lives of women, allowing them greater mobility and changing perceptions of women as weak or in need of chaperons. This book traces the history and development of the American bicycle, observing its critical role in the fight for gender equality. The bicycle radically changed the face of fashion, health and even morality and propriety in America. This thorough history traces the sweeping social advances made by women in relation to the development of the bicycle.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2017-08-11 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 147666904X |
When the need for telephone operators arose in the 1870s, the assumption was that they should all be male. Wages for adult men were too high, so boys were hired. They proved quick to argue with the subscribers, so females replaced them. Women were calmer, had reassuring voices and rarely talked back. Within a few years, telephone operators were all female and would remain so. The pay was low and working conditions harsh. The job often impaired their health, as they suffered abuse from subscribers in silence under pain of dismissal. Discipline was stern--dress codes were mandated, although they were never seen by the public. Most were young, domestic and anything but militant. Yet many joined unions and walked picket lines in response to the severely capitalistic, sexist system they worked under.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 2019-04-11 |
| Genre | : Transportation |
| ISBN | : 1476676712 |
The electric vehicle seemed poised in 1900 to be a leader in automotive production. Clean, odorless, noiseless and mechanically simple, electrics rarely broke down and were easy to operate. An electric car could be started instantly from the driver's seat; no other machine could claim that advantage. But then it all went wrong. As this history details, the hope and confidence of 1900 collapsed and just two decades later electric cars were effectively dead. They had remained expensive even as gasoline cars saw dramatic price reductions, and the storage battery was an endless source of problems. An increasingly frantic public relations campaign of lies and deceptive advertising could not turn the tide.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 247 |
| Release | : 2016-08-04 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1476624488 |
Police violence is not a new phenomenon. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, police officers in America assaulted or killed many ordinary citizens, often during improper detainments or arrests where no threat existed or no crime had been committed. Based on hundreds of newspaper accounts from 1869 through 1920, this history provides a chronological listing of interactions between police and unarmed citizens in which the citizens--some of them minors--were assaulted or killed. Police who committed such acts often lied to protect themselves, assisted by fellow officers and encouraging the media to demonize the victims. The author provides information on the prosecution and punishment of officers where available.
| Author | : Margaret Haerens |
| Publisher | : Greenhaven Publishing LLC |
| Total Pages | : 234 |
| Release | : 2011-11-02 |
| Genre | : Young Adult Nonfiction |
| ISBN | : 0737756616 |
This edition delivers contemporary perspectives on obesity, with the majority of the material reflecting stances of countries other than the United States. Primary sources and essays from international sources present a truly panoramic view. Across four chapters, readers will learn about the global obesity epidemic, obesity factors, obesity effects, and anti-obesity policies. Countries included are Australia, Mexico, Africa, the Czech Republic, Pakistan, India, Italy, Ireland, Germany, Canada, Indonesia, France, and Japan. Essay sources include the Kuwait Times, International Association for the Study of Obesity, I.R.I.N., and Medical News.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2014-11-29 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0786456841 |
This excursion into American cultural history looks at the toothpaste and toothbrush industries from 1900 to 2008. During these years, America moved from cleaning their teeth mostly with homemade powders to using an enormous array of brands, often applied with an electric toothbrush. From early 20th century products like Forhan's (which "cured" pyorrhea) to the whiteners of the 1920s (which unfortunately also removed tooth enamel), and from paste that eliminated "that clinging film" and to copywriters who "wondered where the yellow went," the history of toothpaste has long been a testament to the power of misleading advertising. Interrupting a steady flow of hyperbole was the one true wonder ingredient--fluoride, which enabled Crest to be for decades America's top-selling brand.
| Author | : Kerry Segrave |
| Publisher | : McFarland |
| Total Pages | : 270 |
| Release | : 2020-10-29 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1476682860 |
The early 20th century saw the founding of the National Security League, a nationalistic nonprofit organization committed to an expanded military, conscripted service and meritocracy. This book details its history, from its formation in December 1914 through 1922, at which point it was a spent force in decline. Founded by wealthy corporate lawyers based in New York City, it had secret backers in the capitalist class, who had two goals in mind. One was to profit immensely from the newly begun World War I. The other was to control the working classes in times of both war and peace. This agenda was presented to the public under the guise of preparedness, patriotism, and Americanization. Although the league was eventually found by Congress to have violated election spending limits, no sanctions of any kind were ever applied. This history details the secret machinations of an organization dedicated to solidifying the grip of the capitalist class over workers, all under the cover of American pride.
