North Koreas Cyber Proxy Warfare
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Author | : Donghui Park |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 306 |
Release | : 2019 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
North Korea has been viewed as the world's most reclusive, repressive, and isolated country for the last 70 years. However, contrary to its undeveloped image, since the late 2000s, several governments, mainly the U.S. and South Korea, as well as global private cybersecurity companies, have attributed some of the massive and complicated cyberattacks to the North Korean regime. Even, since 2014, the U.S. Intelligence Community's annual report, Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community, has stated that North Korea is one of the four primary nation-state actors in cyberspace who threaten the national security of the United States and its allies, along with Russia, China, and Iran. This paradox prompts the central question of this dissertation: why and how did North Korea become a world-class cyber-threat actor? This dissertation is composed of three independent, but thematically-linked empirical studies, replying to the central question. The first study (chapter 2) seeks to bridge the gap between North Korea's undeveloped image and cyber reality. It contends that contrary to its image as a backward country, North Korea has sufficient IT infrastructure and human capital to conduct hostile cyberoperations against the outside world in order to attain its national goals. The second study (chapter 3) is an empirical analysis of North Korea's cyber strategy. It argues that North Korea's cyber-proxy-warfare strategy enables its cyber-warriors to accomplish aggressive cyber-missions while North Korean hackers keep a distance from their state sponsor, North Korea. The last study (Chapter 4) seeks to understand the influence of North Korea's cyber uncertainty on regional and world security dynamics. It illustrates that through the North Korea case, the impact of cyber buildup can be seen as the same as that of conventional military buildup. When combined, these three studies provide insight into the central question of this dissertation about why and how North Korea became a world-class cyber-threat actor. The Kim dictator family has understood the importance and impact of developing cybercapacity for their survival in security and military areas. North Korea has started to conduct massive and complicated cyberoperations through a proxy-warfare strategy which enables the state to deny its responsibility for those operations. Sufficient IT human capital from state-led intensive education systems is at the core of North Korea0́9s aggressive cyberoperations; this, in turn, threatens the national security of other countries and changes regional security dynamics.
Author | : Jenny Jun |
Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
Total Pages | : 106 |
Release | : 2016-01-11 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1442259035 |
This report presents an open source analysis of North Korea’s cyber operations capabilities and its strategic implications for the United States and South Korea. The purpose is to mitigate the current knowledge gap among various academic and policy communities on the topic by synthesizing authoritative and comprehensive open source reference material. The report is divided into three chapters, the first chapter examining North Korea’s cyber strategy. The authors then provide an assessment of North Korea’s cyber operations capabilities by examining the organizational structure, history, and functions of North Korea’s cyber units, their supporting educational training and technology base, and past cyber attacks widely attributed to North Korea. This assessment is followed by a discussion on policy implications for U.S. and ROK policymakers and the larger security community.
Author | : Journal of Law and Cyber Warfare |
Publisher | : Lulu.com |
Total Pages | : 141 |
Release | : 2014-12-30 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 1312794917 |
The Journal of Law & Cyber Warfare provides a public peer-reviewed professional forum for the open discussion and education of technology, business, legal, and military professionals concerning the legal issues businesses and governments arising out of cyber attacks or acts of cyber war. The Journal of Law and Cyber Warfare is published twice per year by top legal professionals and scholars from the law, technology, security, and business industries. The views expressed in the Journal of Law and Cyber Warfare are those of the authors and not necessarily of the Journal of Law and Cyber Warfare.
Author | : Fabio Rugge |
Publisher | : Ledizioni |
Total Pages | : 116 |
Release | : 2018-11-02 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 8867058665 |
The new US National Cyber Strategy points to Russia, China, North Korea and Iran as the main international actors responsible for launching malicious cyber and information warfare campaigns against Western interests and democratic processes. Washington made clear its intention of scaling the response to the magnitude of the threat, while actively pursuing the goal of an open, secure and global Internet.The first Report of the ISPI Center on Cybersecurity focuses on the behaviour of these “usual suspects”, investigates the security risks implicit in the mounting international confrontation in cyberspace, and highlights the current irreconcilable political cleavage between these four countries and the West in their respective approaches “in and around” cyberspace.
Author | : Tim Maurer |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 268 |
Release | : 2018-01-18 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 110857405X |
Cyber Mercenaries explores the secretive relationships between states and hackers. As cyberspace has emerged as the new frontier for geopolitics, states have become entrepreneurial in their sponsorship, deployment, and exploitation of hackers as proxies to project power. Such modern-day mercenaries and privateers can impose significant harm undermining global security, stability, and human rights. These state-hacker relationships therefore raise important questions about the control, authority, and use of offensive cyber capabilities. While different countries pursue different models for their proxy relationships, they face the common challenge of balancing the benefits of these relationships with their costs and the potential risks of escalation. This book examines case studies in the United States, Iran, Syria, Russia, and China for the purpose of establishing a framework to better understand and manage the impact and risks of cyber proxies on global politics.
Author | : Tim Stevens |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 429 |
Release | : 2024-07-05 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1803924853 |
This Research Handbook provides a rigorous analysis of cyberwarfare, a widely misunderstood field of contemporary conflict and geopolitical competition. Gathering insights from leading scholars and practitioners, it examines the actors involved in cyberwarfare, their objectives and strategies, and scrutinises the impact of cyberwarfare in a world dependent on connectivity.
Author | : Albert Bertilsson |
Publisher | : Albert Bertilsson |
Total Pages | : 317 |
Release | : 2024-08-17 |
Genre | : Fiction |
ISBN | : 9153100328 |
Drawn into a conflict in a country far away from An Arath, our adventurers battle against humans in the service of evil. Strong allies are found… but will they remain victorious when deadlier supernatural enemies are discovered? Will victories on new battlefields prove decisive, or are the conflicts merely a distraction, hiding a greater plan? Discover a world ruled by sorceresses and join them in their struggle to make the world a better place. Who'll ultimately decide the fate of the world—and what will that future look like?
Author | : Joseph E. Persico |
Publisher | : Random House Trade Paperbacks |
Total Pages | : 594 |
Release | : 2002-10-22 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0375761268 |
Despite all that has already been written on Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Joseph Persico has uncovered a hitherto overlooked dimension of FDR's wartime leadership: his involvement in intelligence and espionage operations. Roosevelt's Secret War is crowded with remarkable revelations: -FDR wanted to bomb Tokyo before Pearl Harbor -A defector from Hitler's inner circle reported directly to the Oval Office -Roosevelt knew before any other world leader of Hitler's plan to invade Russia -Roosevelt and Churchill concealed a disaster costing hundreds of British soldiers' lives in order to protect Ultra, the British codebreaking secret -An unwitting Japanese diplomat provided the President with a direct pipeline into Hitler's councils Roosevelt's Secret War also describes how much FDR had been told--before the Holocaust--about the coming fate of Europe's Jews. And Persico also provides a definitive answer to the perennial question Did FDR know in advance about the attack on Pearl Harbor? By temperament and character, no American president was better suited for secret warfare than FDR. He manipulated, compartmentalized, dissembled, and misled, demonstrating a spymaster's talent for intrigue. He once remarked, "I never let my right hand know what my left hand does." Not only did Roosevelt create America's first central intelligence agency, the OSS, under "Wild Bill" Donovan, but he ran spy rings directly from the Oval Office, enlisting well-placed socialite friends. FDR was also spied against. Roosevelt's Secret War presents evidence that the Soviet Union had a source inside the Roosevelt White House; that British agents fed FDR total fabrications to draw the United States into war; and that Roosevelt, by yielding to Churchill's demand that British scientists be allowed to work on the Manhattan Project, enabled the secrets of the bomb to be stolen. And these are only a few of the scores of revelations in this constantly surprising story of Roosevelt's hidden role in World War II.
Author | : Assaf Moghadam |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 572 |
Release | : 2023-07-28 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1000914240 |
This Handbook is the first volume to comprehensively examine the challenges, intricacies, and dynamics of proxy wars, in their various facets. The volume aims to capture the significantly growing interest in the topic at a critical juncture when wars of many guises are becoming multifaceted proxy wars. Most often, proxy wars have wide-ranging implications for international security and are, therefore, a critically important subject of inquiry. The Handbook seeks to understand and explain proxy wars conceptually, theoretically, and empirically, with a focus on the numerous policy challenges and dilemmas they pose. To do so, it presents a multi- and interdisciplinary assessment of proxy wars focused on the causes, dynamics, and processes underpinning the phenomenon, across time and space and a multitude of actors throughout human history. The Handbook is divided into six thematic sections, as follows: Part I: Approaches to the Study of Proxy Wars Part II: Historical Perspectives on Proxy Wars Part III: Actors in Proxy Wars Part IV: Dynamics of Proxy Wars Part V: Case Studies of Proxy Wars Part VI: The Future of Proxy Wars By bringing together many leading scholars in a synthesis of expertise, this Handbook provides a unique and rigorous account of research into proxy war, which so far has been largely missing from the debate. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, security studies, foreign policy, political violence, and International Relations.
Author | : A. B. Abrams |
Publisher | : SCB Distributors |
Total Pages | : 789 |
Release | : 2020-10-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1949762319 |
North Korea and the United States have been officially at war for over 70 years, one of the longest lasting and most unbalanced conflicts in world history, in which a small East Asian state has held its own against a Western superpower for over three generations. With the Western world increasingly pivoting its attention towards Northeast Asia, and the region likely to play a more central role in the global economy, North Korea’s importance as a strategically located country, potential economic powerhouse and major opponent of Western regional hegemony will only grow over the coming decades. This work is the first fully comprehensive study of the ongoing war between the two parties, and covers the history of the conflict from the first American clashes with Korea’s nationalist movement in 1945 and imposition of its military rule over southern Korea to North Korea’s nuclear deterrence program and ongoing tensions with the U.S. today. The nature of the antagonism between the two states, one profoundly influenced by both decolonisation and wartime memory, and the other uncompromising in its attempts to globally impose its leadership and ideology, is covered in detail. Northern Korea is one of very few inhabited parts of the world never to have been placed under Western rule, and its fiercely nationalist identity as a deeply Confucian civilization state has made it considerably more difficult to tackle than almost any other American adversary. This work elucidates the conflicting ideologies and the discordant designs for the Korean nation which have fueled the war, and explores emerging fields of conflict which have become increasingly central in recent years such as economic and information warfare. Prevailing trends in the conflict and its global implications, including the multiple wars that have been waged by proxy, are also examined in detail. An in-depth assessment of the past provides context key to understanding the future trajectories this relationship could take, and how a continuing shift in global order away from Western unipolarity is likely to influence its future. "To understand where the Korean Peninsula might go in the rest of the 21st century, Abrams’ telling of the story of how the two countries got to where they are today is essential.” – ANKIT PANDA, senior editor, The Diplomat "...even those who find his conclusions unpalatable will be forced to weigh them carefully.”– JOHN EVERARD, former British Ambassador to North Korea