Normativity And The Will
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Author | : R. Jay Wallace |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 356 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199287481 |
How to argue about practical reason -- Three conceptions of rational agency -- Explanation, deliberation, and reasons -- Normativity and the will -- Normativity, commitment, and instrumental reason -- Reason and responsibility -- Moral responsibility and the practical point of view -- Addiction as defect of the will : some philosophical reflections -- Caring, reflexivity, and the structure of volition -- Ressentiment, value, and self-vindication : making sense of Nietzsche's slave revolt -- Virtue, reason, and principle -- Scanlon's contractualism -- The rightness of acts and the goodness of lives -- Moral reasons and moral fetishes : rationalists and anti-rationalists on moral motivation.
Author | : Joseph Raz |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 290 |
Release | : 2011-12-08 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199693811 |
What are our duties or rights? How should we act? What are we responsible for? Joseph Raz examines the philosophical issues underlying these everyday questions. He explores the nature of normativity--the reasoning behind certain beliefs and emotions about how we should behave--and offers a novel account of responsibility.
Author | : Alan Millar |
Publisher | : Clarendon Press |
Total Pages | : 280 |
Release | : 2004-07-08 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0191531189 |
Alan Millar examines our understanding of why people think and act as they do. His key theme is that normative considerations form an indispensable part of the explanatory framework in terms of which we seek to understand each other. Millar defends a conception according to which normativity is linked to reasons. On this basis he examines the structure of certain normative commitments incurred by having propositional attitudes. Controversially, he argues that ascriptions of beliefs and intentions in and of themselves attribute normative commitments and that this has implications for the psychology of believing and intending. Indeed, all propositional attitudes of the sort we ascribe to people have a normative dimension, since possessing the concepts that the attitudes implicate is of its very nature commitment-incurring. The ramifications of these views for our understanding of people is explored. Millar offers illuminating discussions of reasons for belief and reasons for action; the explanation of beliefs and actions in terms of the subject's reasons; the idea that simulation has a key role in understanding people; and the limits of explanation in terms of propositional attitudes. He compares and contrasts the commitments incurred by propositional attitudes with those incurred by participating in practices, arguing that the former should not be assimilated to the latter. Understanding People will be of great interest to most philosophers of mind, as well as to those working on practical and theoretical reasoning.
Author | : Ralph Wedgwood |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 307 |
Release | : 2007-07-19 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199251312 |
The semantics of normative thought and discourse -- Thinking about what ought to be -- Expressivism -- Causal theories and conceptual analyses -- Conceptual role semantics -- Context and the logic of 'ought' -- The metaphysics of normative facts -- The metaphysical issues -- The normativity of the intentional -- Irreducibility and causal efficacy -- Non-reductive naturalism -- The epistemology of normative belief -- The status of normative intuitions -- Disagreement and the a priori.
Author | : Christine M. Korsgaard |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 294 |
Release | : 1996-06-28 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1107047943 |
Ethical concepts are, or purport to be, normative. They make claims on us: they command, oblige, recommend, or guide. Or at least when we invoke them, we make claims on one another; but where does their authority over us - or ours over one another - come from? Christine Korsgaard identifies four accounts of the source of normativity that have been advocated by modern moral philosophers: voluntarism, realism, reflective endorsement, and the appeal to autonomy. She traces their history, showing how each developed in response to the prior one and comparing their early versions with those on the contemporary philosophical scene. Kant's theory that normativity springs from our own autonomy emerges as a synthesis of the other three, and Korsgaard concludes with her own version of the Kantian account. Her discussion is followed by commentary from G. A. Cohen, Raymond Geuss, Thomas Nagel, and Bernard Williams, and a reply by Korsgaard.
Author | : Kevin Thompson |
Publisher | : Northwestern University Press |
Total Pages | : 144 |
Release | : 2019-05-15 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0810139944 |
Hegel’s Elements of the Philosophy of Right offers an innovative and important account of normativity, yet the theory set forth there rests on philosophical foundations that have remained largely obscure. In Hegel’s Theory of Normativity, Kevin Thompson proposes an interpretation of the foundations that underlie Hegel’s theory: its method of justification, its concept of freedom, and its account of right. Thompson shows how the systematic character of Hegel’s project together with the metaphysical commitments that follow from its method are essential to secure this theory against the challenges of skepticism and to understand its distinctive contribution to questions regarding normative justification, practical agency, social ontology, and the nature of critique.
Author | : Allan Gibbard |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 324 |
Release | : 2014-08 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9780198708025 |
What does talk of meaning mean? All thinking consists in natural happenings in the brain. Talk of meaning though, has resisted interpretation in terms of anything that is clearly natural, such as linguistic dispositions. This, Kripke's Wittgenstein suggests, is because the concept of meaning is normative, on the 'ought' side of Hume's divide between is and ought. Allan Gibbard's previous books Wise Choices, Apt Feelings and Thinking How to Live treated normative discourse as a natural phenomenon, but not as describing the world naturalistically. His theory is a form of expressivism for normative concepts, holding, roughly, that normative statements express states of planning. This new book integrates his expressivism for normative language with a theory of how the meaning of meaning could be normative. The result applies to itself: metaethics expands to address key topics in the philosophy of language, topics which in turn include core parts of metaethics. An upshot is to lessen the contrast between expressivism and nonnaturalism: in their strongest forms, the two converge in all their theses. Still, they differ in the explanations they give. Nonnaturalists' explanations mystify, whereas expressivists render normative thinking intelligible as something to expect from beings like us, complexly social products of natural selection who talk with each other.
Author | : Sacha Golob |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 289 |
Release | : 2014-01-16 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1107031702 |
This book offers a fundamentally new account of the arguments and concepts which define Heidegger's early philosophy, and locates them in relation to both contemporary analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy. Drawing on recent work in the philosophy of mind and on Heidegger's lectures on Plato and Kant, Sacha Golob argues against existing treatments of Heidegger on intentionality and suggests that Heidegger endorses a unique position with respect to conceptual and representational content; he also examines the implications of this for Heidegger's views on truth, realism and 'being'. He goes on to explore Heidegger's work on the underlying issue of normativity, and focuses on his theory of freedom, arguing that it is freedom that links the existential concerns of Being and Time to concepts such as reason, perfection and obligation. His book offers a distinctive new perspective for students of Heidegger and the history of twentieth-century philosophy.
Author | : Joshua Gert |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 246 |
Release | : 2004-08-19 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1139454153 |
This book presents an account of normative practical reasons and the way in which they contribute to the rationality of action. Rather than simply 'counting in favour of' actions, normative reasons play two logically distinct roles: requiring action and justifying action. The distinction between these two roles explains why some reasons do not seem relevant to the rational status of an action unless the agent cares about them, while other reasons retain all their force regardless of the agent's attitude. It also explains why the class of rationally permissible action is wide enough to contain not only all morally required action, but also much selfish and immoral action. The book will appeal to a range of readers interested in practical reason in particular, and moral theory more generally.
Author | : Konstantin Pollok |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 343 |
Release | : 2017-02-02 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1107127807 |
A milestone in Kant scholarship, this interpretation of his critical philosophy makes sense of his notorious 'synthetic judgments a priori'.