Nonlinear Analysis Of Pile Driving And Ground Vibrations In Saturated Cohesive Soils Using The Finite Element Method
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| Author | : Mehmet Serdar Serdaroglu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 245 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Finite element method |
| ISBN | : |
Two numerical applications are performed to predict the load capacity of single piles in normally consolidated clays. It is observed that the model with no slippage at the interface predicts almost twice as much load capacity as the model with interface. In regards with the end bearing capacities, Coyle & Castello's method is found to be most conservative followed by the finite element method, the Janbu's method, the Meyerhof's method, and finally the Vesic's method. In respect to skin friction resistance, the finite element is found to be the most conservative method, followed by the Beta, the Lambda, and the Alpha method. In the dynamic analysis, the amplitudes of ground vibrations are investigated based on the variation of: (1) the soil type, (2) the pile embedment length and (3) the released hammer energy. In the first analysis, five types of soils - loose and dense sands and, soft, medium stiff, and stiff clays - are modeled. The highest vibration amplitude is calculated for the loose sand with a peak particle velocity (PPV) of 10.0 mm/s followed by the dense sand with a PPV of around 4.0 mm/s. Among the clay types, the vibrations are higher for the stiffer clay in the near field, which is 9 m (half a pile length) or less away from the pile. In the second analysis, three different embedment lengths - full, half, and quarter pile length - are modeled. It is found that the quarter embedded piles produce greater vibration amplitudes as compared to the half and fully embedded piles. Larger amplitudes of vibrations are encountered on the ground surface for shorter pile embedment lengths. In the third analysis, three different impact forces consisting of 2,000 kN (F), 6,000 kN (3F) and 10,000 kN (5F) are applied on the pile head. It is concluded that increase in hammer energy causes increase in the peak particle velocities.
| Author | : Peter James Algie |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 205 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Finite element method |
| ISBN | : |
This thesis investigates the lateral response of single piles embedded in saturated cohesionless soils on flat ground, with no crust layer. OpenSeesPL, a numerical modelling software programme, was used as the principal means of this investigation. Several 'rules of thumb' that could be used in pseudo-static methods were developed. Soil-pile interaction in saturated cohesionless soils is a changing and multi-variable problem, and therefore is not well understood. This is because the soil is prone to liquefaction when subject to dynamic loads. These variables include changing soil stiffness and damping, changing soil-pile-structure resonant frequency and changing loads. The response of piles subject to lateral static pushover loads was considered. OpenSeesPL and an elastic continuum pile analysis method proposed by Budhu and Davies (1987) can predict lateral pile response reasonably accurately. Initial soil stiffness equal to approximately 1/3 to 1/4 of the small strain moduli should be used. The friction angle in both analysis methods has to account for strain softening beyond peak resistance in dense sands. Pile response subject to lateral dynamic loads at the pile head was analysed. It was found that piles dynamically loaded at the pile head can lead to the adjacent soil liquefying, which reduces the soil stiffness and increases the strain dependent material damping. Nonlinear OpenSeesPL models and an inertial pseudo-static method along with the Budhu and Davies method for elastic soils with appropriate reductions in soil stiffness can be used to reasonably predict the response of piles dynamically excited at the pile head. The lateral response of piles subject to dynamic excitation of the underlying bedrock was investigated. Maximum ground surface accelerations and pile response in liquefiable soils was found to occur during an initial transient phase before the onset of full liquefaction. During this phase, the soil has a linear stiffness distribution with depth and the soil stiffness near the ground surface (i.e. at one pile diameter) is equal to approximately 20% of the initial stiffness at that depth. An elastic equivalent pseudo- static method for determining lateral pile response subject to kinematic and inertial interaction was developed.
| Author | : Toufic Elias Smayra |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 180 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Finite element method |
| ISBN | : |
The analysis of axially-loaded driven piles is examined in this study using a finite-element model. The three-dimensional model accounts for the nonlinear behavior of the soil undergoing large deformation. The simulation of the penetration of the pile in the soil in the course of driving has been attempted in a previous study; the computational cost was however found excessive, thus, limiting the study to the driving of piles that are already in place (prebored piles). In this research, the penetration of the pile is simulated by gradually expanding a cavity in the soil in the form of the pile, until the desired depth of penetration is reached. The pile is then placed in the cavity to reach equilibrium. The driving of the pile is then continued using a nonlinear time-domain dynamic analysis in which the hammer blows are simulated by a periodic forcing function. A comparison is made between the response of actually (computationally) driven piles and piles driven by the expansion simulation. The response of prebored piles will also be compared with driven piles. The evolution of the state of stress and deformation in the soil and the soil resistance against the pile will be traced at all stages of the analysis.
| Author | : Amir M. Kaynia |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 401 |
| Release | : 2021-08-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1000398587 |
This book presents computational tools and design principles for piles used in a wide range of applications and for different loading conditions. The chapters provide a mixture of basic engineering solutions and latest research findings in a balanced manner. The chapters are written by world-renowned experts in the field. The materials are presented in a unified manner based on both simplified and rigorous numerical methods. The first four chapters present the basic elements and steps in analysis of piles under static and cyclic loading together with clear references to the appropriate design regulations in Eurocode 7 when relevant. The analysis techniques cover conventional code-based methods, solutions based on pile-soil interaction springs, and advanced 3D finite element methods. The applications range from conventional piles to large circular steel piles used as anchors or monopiles in offshore applications. Chapters 5 to 10 are devoted to dynamic and earthquake analyses and design. These chapters cover a range of solutions from dynamic pile-soil springs to elasto-dynamic solutions of large pile groups. Both linear and nonlinear soil behaviours are considered along with response due to dynamic loads and earthquake shaking including possible liquefaction. The book is unique in its unified treatment of the solutions used for static and dynamic analysis of piles with practical examples of application. The book is considered a valuable tool for practicing engineers, graduate students and researchers.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 9 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
A quasi-three-dimensional method of analysis is presented for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of single piles and pile groups. The analysis is performed in the time domain using strain-dependent moduli and damping, yielding at failure, and a no-tension cutoff. The analysis has been incorporated into the computer program PILE-3D and has been validated using data from centrifuge tests on a single pile and a 2 X 2 pile group under simulated earthquake loading. Analyses of the centrifuge tests demonstrated a significant reduction in soil moduli around the piles during strong shaking and a corresponding reduction in pile stiffnesses. The time-dependent shear modulus distribution in soil around the pile is obtained as part of the output. This allows the time variation of dynamic impedances of pile foundationsduring shaking to be established and allows a realistic assessment of thesingle-valued stiffnesses and damping factors usually incorporated into commercial structural analysis programs for the seismic analysis of pile-supported structures. The analysis also demonstrates the importance of inertial interaction between foundation and structure.
| Author | : David Michael Holloway |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 1975 |
| Genre | : Foundations |
| ISBN | : |
Foundation conditions and structural constraints often require the use of pile foundations to support the structure and to minimize objectionable settlements. The accurate prediction of foundation performance and the effective interpretation of field load tests are urgent economic and technical needs of geotechnical engineering practice. This study represents the final phase of an investigation into the analysis of pile load tests. Overall study objectives have been: (a) to compile and make available to the Corps of Engineers (CE) offices the results of pile load tests performed by CE offices and other investigators; (b) to review analytical solutions for determining pile load capacity; (c) to compare pile load tests results with theoretical solutions; (d) to develop improved methods for conducting and interpreting pile load tests; and (e) to develop design guidelines.
| Author | : Jan Ekström |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 270 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Dilatometer |
| ISBN | : 9789170323997 |
| Author | : Nasly Mohamed Ali |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 564 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Finite element method |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1528 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Petroleum |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 10 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
A quasi-three-dimensional finite element method of analysis is proposed for the dynamic response analysis of pile foundations that is computationally feasible for practical applications. The method uses a simplified three-dimensional wave equation for describing the dynamic response of the soil. The response of the pile foundation is computed directly without having to use pile-soil-pile interaction factors. The quasi-three-dimensional solution greatly reduces the computational time for the direct analysis of pile groups. The method is presented here for an elastic response so that itcan be validated against existing more exact elastic solutions and low-amplitude field vibration tests. The method is extended to nonlinear dynamicresponse analysis in an accompanying paper.
