The papers compiled in this report attempt to determine under what conditions and to what extent cultural factors make a difference in the elaboration and execution of non-proliferation, arms control, and disarmament (NACD) policies. They seek to clarify a concept of security cultures that draws upon the diplomatic, political, strategic, and social elements that go into security policy-making. Culture, as it refers to NACD issues, consists of those enduring and widely-shared beliefs, traditions, attitudes, and symbols that inform the ways in which a state's or society's interests and values with respect to security, stability and peace are perceived, articulated, and advanced by political actors and elites. The papers cover a range of states and regions: south-east Asia, China, India, Latin America, and the Middle East. Each examines a range of concrete issues and cases connected with NACD issues, and orientations towards security more generally.