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Author | : Otto Jespersen |
Publisher | : Forgotten Books |
Total Pages | : 156 |
Release | : 2017-10-18 |
Genre | : Foreign Language Study |
ISBN | : 9780265474600 |
Excerpt from Negation in English and Other Languages The history of negative expressions in various languages makes us witness the following curious fluctuation: the original negative adverb is first weakened, then found insufficient and therefore strengthened, generally through some additional word, and this in its turn may be felt as the negative proper and may then in course of time be subject to the same develop ment as the original word. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 152 |
Release | : 1966 |
Genre | : Brazilian fiction |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Laurence R. Horn |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 350 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 3110219298 |
Negation is at the core of human language; without negation there can be no denial, contradiction, irony, or lies. This book examines the form and function of negative sentences in a variety of languages and offers state-of-the-art surveys of the acquisition of negation by children, its processing by adults, its historical development, and its interaction with other operators and predicates within natural language sentences. Topics covered include the nature of negative polarity, the phenomenon of pleonastic or illogical negation, and the role of morphological, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic.
Author | : Laurence R. Horn |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 350 |
Release | : 2010-05-27 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 3110219301 |
Negation is a sine qua non of every human language but is absent from otherwise complex systems of animal communication. In many ways, it is negation that makes us human, imbuing us with the capacity to deny, to contradict, to misrepresent, to lie, and to convey irony. The apparent simplicity of logical negation as a one-place operator that toggles truth and falsity belies the intricate complexity of the expression of negation in natural language. Not only do we find negative adverbs, verbs, copulas, quantifiers, and affixes, but the interaction of negation with other operators (including multiple iterations of negation itself) can be exceedingly complex to describe, extending (as first detailed by Otto Jespersen) to negative concord, negative incorporation, and the widespread occurrence of negative polarity items whose distribution is subject to principles of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters in this book survey the patterning of negative utterances in natural languages, spanning such foundational issues as how negative sentences are realized cross-linguistically and how that realization tends to change over time, how negation is acquired by children, how it is processed by adults, and how its expression changes over time. Specific chapters offer focused empirical studies of negative polarity, pleonastic negation, and negative/quantifier scope interaction, as well as detailed examinations of the form and function of sentential negation in modern Romance languages and Classical Japanese.
Author | : Viviane Déprez |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 832 |
Release | : 2020-03-25 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 019256627X |
In this volume, international experts in negation provide a comprehensive overview of cross-linguistic and philosophical research in the field, as well as accounts of more recent results from experimental linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience. The volume adopts an interdisciplinary approach to a range of fundamental questions ranging from why negation displays so many distinct linguistic forms to how prosody and gesture participate in the interpretation of negative utterances. Following an introduction from the editors, the chapters are arranged in eight parts that explore, respectively, the fundamentals of negation; issues in syntax; the syntax-semantics interface; semantics and pragmatics; negative dependencies; synchronic and diachronic variation; the emergence and acquisition of negation; and experimental investigations of negation. The volume will be an essential reference for students and researchers across a wide range of disciplines, and will facilitate further interdisciplinary work in the field.
Author | : Edward Augustus Freeman |
Publisher | : CUP Archive |
Total Pages | : 356 |
Release | : 2017-07-23 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : |
Excerpt from The Origin of the English Nation 1587 - 1588. By Alhed II. 1110. By Anne Isabella Thackeray B11de of Landeck. Dr G. L'. R. James. L101'jacoh. - '1'l1e Lifted Veil. By Geo. 1111111 hadow on the Tlneehold. By Mmy Cecil. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author | : Viviane Déprez |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 889 |
Release | : 2020-03-31 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 0198830521 |
In this volume, international experts in negation provide a comprehensive overview of cross-linguistic and philosophical research in the field, as well as accounts of more recent results from experimental linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience. The volume adopts an interdisciplinary approach to a range of fundamental questions ranging from why negation displays so many distinct linguistic forms to how prosody and gesture participate in the interpretation of negative utterances. Following an introduction from the editors, the chapters are arranged in eight parts that explore, respectively, the fundamentals of negation; issues in syntax; the syntax-semantics interface; semantics and pragmatics; negative dependencies; synchronic and diachronic variation; the emergence and acquisition of negation; and experimental investigations of negation. The volume will be an essential reference for students and researchers across a wide range of disciplines, and will facilitate further interdisciplinary work in the field.
Author | : Matti Miestamo |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 505 |
Release | : 2008-08-22 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 3110197634 |
This book is the first cross-linguistic study of clausal negation based on an extensive and systematic language sample. Methodological issues, especially sampling, are discussed at length. Standard negation – the basic structural means languages have for negating declarative verbal main clauses – is typologized from a new perspective, paying attention to structural differences between affirmatives and negatives. In symmetric negation affirmative and negative structures show no differences except for the presence of the negative marker(s), whereas in asymmetric negation there are further structural differences, i.e. asymmetries. A distinction is made between constructional and paradigmatic asymmetry; in the former the addition of the negative marker(s) is accompanied by further structural differences in comparison to the corresponding affirmative, and in the latter the correspondences between the members of (verbal etc.) paradigms used in affirmatives and negatives are not one-to-one. Cross-cutting the constructional-paradigmatic distinction, asymmetric negation can be further divided into subtypes according to the nature of the asymmetry. Standard negation structures found in the 297 sample languages are exemplified and discussed in detail. The frequencies of the different types and some typological correlations are also examined. Functional motivations are proposed for the structural types – symmetric negatives are language-internally analogous to the linguistic structure of the affirmative and asymmetric negatives are language-externally analogous to different asymmetries between affirmation and negation on the functional level. Relevant diachronic issues are also discussed. The book is of interest to language typologists, descriptive linguists and to all linguists interested in negation.
Author | : Janebová, Markéta |
Publisher | : Palacký University Olomouc |
Total Pages | : 401 |
Release | : |
Genre | : Foreign Language Study |
ISBN | : 802445940X |
Jedná se o třetí – a poslední – svazek kritické edice sebraných spisů Ivana Poldaufa (1915–1984), významného českého lingvisty, anglisty, bohemisty a lexikografa, zakladatele anglistiky na FF UP v Olomouci (působil zde v letech 1949–1961) a později profesora Karlovy Univerzity. Zatímco první dva svazky Poldaufových Sebraných spisů (vydané stejným kolektivem autorů v r. 2016 a 2018) zahrnovaly jeho česky psané práce lingvistické, lexikografické s obecně lingvistickým přesahem a úvahy o stavu jazykovědy, doposud dostupné pouze na stránkách českých lingvistických časopisů a sborníků z konferencí, třetí svazek se zaměřuje na jeho práce psané anglicky, které podobně jako jeho česky psané práce nejsou nikde jinde dostupné v ucelené podobě. Třetí svazek tak kromě české lingvistické obce může oslovit i mezinárodní publikum. K tomuto účelu práce zahrnuje anglicky psaný úvod, který představí osobnost I. Poldaufa. This monograph is the third and last volume of the critical edition of the linguistic papers of Ivan Poldauf, a prominent Czech linguist and lexicographer, the founder of English Studies at Palacký University Olomouc, and later a professor at Charles University in Prague. Ivan Poldauf (15 September 1915 – 9 August 1984) was an Anglicist and a Bohemist whose scope of interests was incredibly broad, ranging from theoretical linguistics (his works cover all levels of language representation) to applied linguistics. The third volume comprises his works published in English, covering 34 years of his career between 1950 and 1984.
Author | : Laurence R. Horn |
Publisher | : Center for the Study of Language and Information Publica Tion |
Total Pages | : 692 |
Release | : 2001 |
Genre | : Grammar, Comparative and general |
ISBN | : |
This book offers a unique synthesis of past and current work on the structure, meaning, and use of negation and negative expressions, a topic that has engaged thinkers from Aristotle and the Buddha to Freud and Chomsky. Horn's masterful study melds a review of scholarship in philosophy, psychology, and linguistics with original research, providing a full picture of negation in natural language and thought; this new edition adds a comprehensive preface and bibliography, surveying research since the book's original publication.