Mycological Techniques Identification Of Mycotoxigenic Fungi And Mycotoxins
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| Author | : Ajay K. Gautam |
| Publisher | : Scientific Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 138 |
| Release | : 2019-03-15 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 938804391X |
Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins” is a manual designed to aid the guidelines and techniques applied in mycological laboratory and in the other allied fields. This handbook is based on research conducted by many renowned scientists on fungi and related mycotoxins, and the practical approach to the isolation and identification of toxigenic strains of fungi as well as their related fungal toxins, called as Mycotoxins, commonly met on stored food and other materials. Students hopefully will find the information on important fungi particularly related to storage and field conditions and secondary metabolites produced during the growth of fungi on food and other substrates. Reports of many esearchers, scientists, and books from all over globe indicate direct relation between the incidence of mycotoxigenic fungi, extent of mycotoxin contamination and their prevalence revealed their relation to some of the human ailments. Most of the mycotoxins mainly aflatoxins, ochratoxins A and fumonisins are posing serious health hazards in Asian countries. In the context of Indian climatic conditions, need of assessing and preparation of a comprehensive account related to consumption of contaminated food and feed is essential in order to highlight the problems and their health hazards due to mycotoxins. Present attempt is made to provide recent developments in the subject so that researchers interested may get clear understanding of the problems. This Handbook deals with general aspects of mycological techniques, mycotoxins covering detailed information of mycotoxigenic fungi and their identification.
| Author | : Antonio Moretti |
| Publisher | : Humana |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781493967056 |
This thorough volume explores the possibility of detecting and identifying toxigenic fungi, able to produce secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins, which cause severe health problems in humans and animals after exposure to contaminated food and feed, having a broad range of toxic effects, including carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Beginning with a section on fungal genera and species of major significance along with their associated mycotoxins, the book continues with sections on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based methods for the detection and identification of mycotoxigenic fungi, PCR-based methods for multiplex detection of mycotoxigenic fungi, as well as sections on combined approaches and new methodologies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Mycotoxigenic Fungi: Methods and Protocols will aid researchers working in this vital field to provide insight into possible actions to reduce mycotoxin contamination of crop plants and the food/feed byproducts.
| Author | : B.D. Singh |
| Publisher | : Scientific Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 544 |
| Release | : 2019-05-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9389061288 |
The discipline of plant breeding has undergone transformation due to the assimilation of the rapid developments in molecular biology. The existing books on plant breeding deal mainly with the classical approaches, while specialized books on molecular approaches usually lack discussion of the classical methods. The book Plant Breeding for 21st Century attempts to present the complete picture of plant breeding ranging from the classical to the molecular approaches applied to crop improvement. The book is divided into four sections: Classical Plant Breeding, Transgenic technology, Molecular Markers, and Miscellaneous. The first section deals with the classical plant breeding and is divided into eight chapters. The second section has four chapters and describes transgenic technology. The third section discusses various aspects of molecular markers and is spread over three chapters. The final section has a single chapter dealing with variety release, seed multiplication and intellectual property rights. This book is designed primarily for graduate students, viz., B.Sc. agriculture and B.Sc. science students with botany as one of the subjects, who would get their first exposure to plant breeding. It would also be useful for the post-graduate students, especially in botany, and to teachers of the subject. The book is written in simple and easy to understand language. Illustrations and photographs have been provided wherever they were expected to facilitate comprehension of the subject under discussion.
| Author | : John I. Pitt |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 599 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1461563917 |
This book is designed as a laboratory guide for the food microbiologist, to assist in the isolation and identification of common food-borne fungi. We emphasise the fungi which cause food spoilage, but also devote space to the fungi commonly encountered in foods at harvest, and in the food factory. As far as possible, we have kept the text simple, although the need for clarity in the descriptions has necessitated the use of some specialised mycological terms. The identification keys have been designed for use by microbiologists with little or no prior knowledge of mycology. For identification to genus level, they are based primarily on the cultural and physiological characteristics of fungi grown under a standardised set of conditions. The microscopic features of the various fungi become more important when identifying isolates at the species level. Nearly all of the species treated have been illustrated with colony photographs, together with photomicrographs or line drawings. The photomicrographs were taken using a Zeiss WL microscope fitted with Nomarski interference contrast optics. We are indebted to Mr W. Rushton and Ms L. Burton, who printed the many hundreds of photographs used to make up the figures in this book. We also wish to express out appreciation to Dr D.L. Hawksworth, Dr A.H.S.
| Author | : Solomon Kadis |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 419 |
| Release | : 2013-10-22 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1483259684 |
Microbial Toxins: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume VIII, Fungal Toxins is devoted to topics related to algal and fungal toxins and includes critically reviewed articles from different experts in related fields. The text is divided into three sections. Section A covers coumarins — its isolation, identification, biological action, natural occurrence, and uses. Section B deals with the epizootiology, clinical characteristics, and pathological findings of Stachybotryotoxicosis. Section C talks about phytopathogenic and helminthosporium toxins, toxic peptides found in Amanita species as well as other mushroom toxins, compounds accumulating in plants after an infection, and ergot. The book is recommended for microbiologists and toxicologists, especially those who would like to know more about the toxins produced by algae and fungi and their effects.
| Author | : Youssuf Gherbawy |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 511 |
| Release | : 2010-03-03 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642050425 |
Fungi enjoy great popularity in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnological applications. Recent advances in the decipherment of whole fungal genomes promise an acceleration of these trends. This timely book links scientists from different parts of the world who are interested in the molecular identification of fungi combined with the exploration of the fungal biodiversity in different ecosystems. It provides a compendium for scientists who rely on a rapid and reliable detection of fungal specimens in environmental as well as clinical resources in order to ensure the benefit of industrial and clinical applications. Chapters focus on the opportunities and limits of the molecular marker-mediated identification of fungi. Various methods, procedures and strategies are outlined. Furthermore, the book offers an update of the current progress in the development of fungal molecular techniques, and draws attention to potential and associated problems, as well as integrating theory and practice.
| Author | : P. Gopalakrishnakone |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 502 |
| Release | : 2018-03-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789400764484 |
In recent years, the field of Toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand it studies venomous animals, plants and micro organisms in detail to understand their mode of action on targets. While on the other, it explores the biochemical composition, genomics and proteomics of toxins and venoms to understand their three interaction with life forms (especially humans), development of antidotes and exploring their pharmacological potential. Therefore, Toxinology has deep linkages with biochemistry, molecular biology, anatomy and pharmacology. In addition, there is a fast developing applied subfield, clinical toxinology, which deals with understanding and managing medical effects of toxins on human body. Given the huge impact of toxin-based deaths globally, and the potential of venom in generation of drugs for so-far incurable diseases (for example, Diabetes, Chronic Pain), the continued research and growth of the field is imminent. This has led to the growth of research in the area and the consequent scholarly output by way of publications in journals and books. Despite this ever growing body of literature within biomedical sciences, there is still no all-inclusive reference work available that collects all of the important biochemical, biomedical and clinical insights relating to Toxinology. The Handbook of Toxinology aims to address this gap and cover the field of Toxinology comprehensively.
| Author | : Sarah De Saeger |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 452 |
| Release | : 2011-02-07 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0857090976 |
Mycotoxins - toxic secondary metabolites produced by mycotoxigenic fungi – pose a significant risk to the food chain. Indeed, they may be the most hazardous of all food contaminants in terms of chronic toxicity and legislative limits on their levels in food and feed continue to be developed worldwide. Rapid and reliable methods for the determination of both mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in food and feed are therefore essential. This book reviews current and emerging methods in this area.Part one focuses on the essentials of mycotoxin determination, covering sampling, sample preparation and clean-up and key determination techniques, such as chromatographic separation, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and immunochemical methods. Part two then goes on to describe quality assurance, official methods and performance criteria for determining mycotoxins in food and feed. Topics covered include laboratory accreditation, method validation and measurement uncertainty. The development and analysis of biomarkers for mycotoxins are discussed in part three. Individual chapters focus on detecting exposure in humans and animals. Part four is concerned with the processes involved in determining mycotoxigenic fungi in food and feed. It also describes the identification of genes and gene clusters involved in mycotoxin synthesis, as well as DNA barcoding of toxigenic fungi. Finally, part five explores some of the emerging methods for mycotoxin analysis, ranging from bio-sensing to spectroscopic techniques.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Determining mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in food and feed is a standard reference for all those concerned with reducing mycotoxin contamination in the food chain. - Focuses on the essentials of mycotoxin determination, covering sampling, sample preparation, clean-up and key determination techniques - Documents quality assurance and official methods and performance criteria for determining mycotoxins in food and feed - Explores the processes of determining mycotoxigenic fungi in food and feed including the identification of genes and gene clusters
| Author | : R. Barkai-Golan |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 407 |
| Release | : 2011-09-02 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080557856 |
Mycotoxins are toxins produced by aerobic, microscopic fungus under special conditions of moisture and temperature. They colonize in a variety of foods from harvest to the grocer. Mycotoxins have gained world wide interest in recent years with the revelation of the effect of these toxins on health. A current example is the presence of ochratoxin A, a human carcinogen and nephrotoxin, in wines. The increased concern about fruit safety has led to increased studies throughout the world and enhanced awareness for stringent regulations governing mycotoxin limits in food.Presented in three defined sections, this is the first book to provide comprehensive analysis of the main mycotoxins contaminating fruits and vegetables and their derived products. The first section provides a safety evaluation of mycotoxins in fruits and vegetables, details regarding factors affecting mycotoxin production and diffusion in the fruit tissue, and recent methods for detection of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins produced by the fungi. The second part takes a critical look at the main individual mycotoxins and the third section focuses on approaches for prevention and control. - The first book dedicated to mycotoxins in fruits and vegetables - Presents mycological, mycotoxicological and phytopathological aspects of fruits and vegetables - Includes an analysis of detection, prevention and control methods for mycotoxigenic fungi and the mycotoxins they produce - Provides a complete risk assessment and safety evaluation of mycotoxins in perishable produce
| Author | : V. Betina |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 455 |
| Release | : 1993-05-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0080858627 |
This work comprises two parts, Part A: Techniques and Part B: Applications. In Part A the most important principles of sample preparation, extraction, clean-up, and of established and prospective chromatographic techniques are discussed in relation to mycotoxins. In Part B the most important data, scattered in the literature, on thin-layer, liquid, and gas chromatography of mycotoxins have been compiled. Mycotoxins are mostly arranged according to families, such as aflatoxins, trichothecenes, lactones etc. Chromatography of individual important mycotoxins and multi-mycotoxin chromatographic analyses are also included. Applications are presented in three chapters devoted to thin-layer, liquid, and gas chromatography of mycotoxins.
