Multimedia Environmental Models

Multimedia Environmental Models
Author: Donald Mackay
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 272
Release: 2001-02-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781566705424

Completely revised and updated, Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach, Second Edition continues to provide simple techniques for calculating how chemicals behave in the environment, where they accumulate, how long they persist, and how this leads to human exposure. The book develops, describes, and illustrates the framework and procedures for calculating the behavior of chemicals in our multimedia environment of air, water, soil, and sediments, as well as the diversity of biota that reside in these media. While other books focus on specific compartments, such as the atmosphere, or specific substances, such as PCBs, this book presents the big picture of how organic chemicals behave in the total environment. It does this by providing examples of calculation methods based on the fugacity approach and explaining how to access up-to-date property databases and estimation methods as well as computer programs, which are available from the Internet. In addition, the models are Web based, instead of on a floppy disk as in the previous edition. Building on the work developed in the First Edition, the Second Edition includes: A how-to modeling section, more worked examples and problems- most with solutions and answers Expanded treatment of structure-activity relationships and modern estimation methods More material illustrating applications to bioaccumulation is specific organisms and food webs Emphasis on current efforts to identify PBT chemicals and exposure analysis as a component of risk assessment Examples that provide each step of modeling calculations Web-based models, and references to property databases, estimation methods, and computer programs from the Internet When you need to make assessments of chemical behavior you need current, comprehensive. Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach provides you with not only an understanding of how the multitude of organic chemicals behave in the total environment, but also with practical examples of how this behavior can be predicted using the fugacity approach.

Multimedia Environmental Models

Multimedia Environmental Models
Author: J. Mark Parnis
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 303
Release: 2020-09-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1000094995

Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach, Third Edition, takes a broad approach of viewing chemical behavior in the total biosphere of connected biotic and abiotic compartments. Chemicals are subject to the laws of "mass balance," a constraint that provides the opportunity to establish quantitative expressions for chemical fate that are central to chemical management and regulatory legislation. This book employs both the conventional concentration-based procedures and those based on application of the more elegant and powerful concept of fugacity to characterize equilibrium, steady-state distribution, and time-dependent transport between environmental phases such as air, water, and soil. Organic chemicals are emphasized because they are more easily generalized when assessing environmental behavior. Features Illustrates professional approaches to calculating the fate of chemicals in the environment Explicitly details all worked examples in an annotated step-by-step fashion Presents real-life freely downloadable models of use to government, industry, and private consulting professionals and students alike Clarifies symbols and notation

Perspectives in Life Cycle Impact Assessment

Perspectives in Life Cycle Impact Assessment
Author: Patrick Hofstetter
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461551277

Perspectives in Life Cycle Impact Assessment: A Structured Approach to Combine Models of the Technosphere, Ecosphere and Valuesphere describes the relationship between subjective and objective elements in Life Cycle Impact Assessment. It suggests a new framework which will allow people to master two of the major problems associated with LCA, the difficulty of separating subjective from objective elements and the tendency for impact assessment to record `phantoms' rather than actual damages. Perspectives in Life Cycle Impact Assessment: A Structured Approach to Combine Models of the Technosphere, Ecosphere and Valuesphere presents a proposal for a second generation framework and method for Life Cycle Impact Assessment. Many of the suggested elements are either based on other tools for environmental analysis, e.g. risk assessment, or fit in well with tools and concepts such as industrial ecology, technology assessment, or environmental impact assessment. The research presented in this book goes beyond the scope of presently used methods for Life Cycle Assessment and may stimulate new developments in a variety of areas. The book will appeal to persons from a wide range of scientific disciplines who are interested in learning more about Life Cycle Assessment. It will be especially valuable to members of SETAC and to students and researchers in the fields of environmental impact assessment, risk assessment and industrial ecology.

Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes and Products

Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes and Products
Author: Guido Sonnemann
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 422
Release: 2018-10-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0429792476

Life-cycle assessment is a methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service during its life cycle, and risk assessment is a tool to evaluate potential hazards to human health and the environment introduced by pollutant emissions. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals call for, among other objectives, responsible consumption and production by decoupling environmental resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth and human well-being. Life-cycle assessment and risk assessment are both analytical system approaches that allow scientists and other decision makers to address these issues and objectives according to the current understanding of environmental mechanisms. This book is the first attempt to illustrate the existing interfaces between life-cycle assessment and risk assessment and to indicate options for further integration of both tools. The second edition: Focuses on sustainability Considers new developments in life-cycle assessment and environmental risk assessment over the last ten years at the international level Introduces broader concepts and discussions on integrative versus the complementary use of life-cycle and risk assessments Extends the scope of integrated life-cycle and risk assessments to critical raw materials Includes more case studies and discusses engineered nanomaterials Featuring contributions from leading experts, Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes and Products is a great reference for graduate students and professionals in environmental management and intends to catalyze communication between life-cycle assessment and risk assessment experts and scientists in academia, industry, and governmental agencies. The practical format of the book—illustrated with flowcharts, examples, exercises, and concrete applications—makes it a useful manual for analyzing situations and making decisions.