More on Changing Income Distribution and Economic Development in Brazil
Author | : Gary S. Fields |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 18 |
Release | : 1976 |
Genre | : Income distribution |
ISBN | : |
Download More On Changing Income Distribution And Economic Development In Brazil full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online free More On Changing Income Distribution And Economic Development In Brazil ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author | : Gary S. Fields |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 18 |
Release | : 1976 |
Genre | : Income distribution |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : EdUSP |
Total Pages | : 236 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Brazil |
ISBN | : |
Discusses the design and implementation of public policies to promote economic growth with fair income distribution. Considers aspects of health, housing, social protection, educational needs, and related means of reducing inequality.
Author | : |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 308 |
Release | : 2004-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780821358801 |
What makes Brazil so unequal? This title looks at this question and shows how inequalities weaken Brazil's economic development and what are the best policy options to reduce this inequity.
Author | : Marcos Mendes |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 281 |
Release | : 2014-11-19 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0128019654 |
In terms accessible to non-economists, Marcos José Mendes describes the ways democracy and inequality produce low growth in the short and medium terms. In the longer term, he argues that Brazil has two paths in front of it. One is to create the conditions necessary to boost economic performance and drive the country toward a high level of development. The other is to fail in untying the political knot that blocks growth, leaving it a middle-income country. The source of his contrasting futures for Brazil is inequality, which he demonstrates is a relevant variable in any discussion of economic growth. Inequality illuminates causes of seemingly-unconnected problems. This book, which includes freely-accessible documents and datasets, is the first in-depth analysis of an issue that promises to become increasingly prominent. Contrasting visions of Brazil’s future described in economic terms Easy-to-understand graphs and tables illustrate analytical arguments All Excel-based data available on a freely-accessible website
Author | : Phillippe George Leite |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Desigualdad economica - Brasil |
ISBN | : |
"Measured by the Gini coefficient, income inequality in Brazil rose from 0.57 in 1981 to 0.63 in 1989, before falling back to 0.56 in 2004. This latest figure would lower Brazil's world inequality rank from 2nd (in 1989) to 10th (in 2004). Poverty incidence also followed an inverted U-curve over the past quarter century, rising from 0.30 in 1981 to 0.33 in 1993, before falling to 0.22 in 2004. Using standard decomposition techniques, this paper presents a preliminary investigation of the determinants of Brazil's distributional reversal over this period. The rise in inequality in the 1980s appears to have been driven by increases in the educational attainment of the population in a context of convex returns, and by high and accelerating inflation. While the secular decline in inequality, which began in 1993, is associated with declining inflation, it also appears to have been driven by four structural and policy changes which have so far not attracted sufficient attention in the literature, namely sharp declines in the returns to education; pronounced rural-urban convergence; increases in social assistance transfers targeted to the poor; and a possible decline in racial inequality. Although poverty dynamics since the Real Plan of 1994 have been driven primarily by economic growth, the decline in inequality has also made a substantial contribution to poverty reduction. "--World Bank web site.
Author | : Mariano Torras |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 136 |
Release | : 2019-10-28 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1351873318 |
This book breaks new ground by accounting for the welfare implications of both severe inequality and environmental degradation and developing a sustainable development indicator that incorporates changes over time in each of these dimensions. The model is applied to data from Brazil spanning the 1965 -1998 period. The book's findings cast significant doubt on the proposition that rapid economic growth in Brazil has resulted in comparable welfare gains. The evidence presented more generally illustrates the often unsustainable nature of rapid GDP growth phases, as well as the general unreliability of GDP growth as an indicator of well-being improvement. The specific policy implication is that Brazil should discontinue - or at least severely curtail - the regressive and resource intensive economic policies it has followed in recent decades in the interest of welfare improvement not only for the poorer groups in society, but for future generations of Brazilians as well.
Author | : Thomas William Merrick |
Publisher | : Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press |
Total Pages | : 416 |
Release | : 1979 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Monograph on population and economic development trends in historical perspective in Brazil - examines economic history, population growth from 1800 to 1970, slavery, immigration, internal migration, structure of labour force, rural migration, growth and poverty of urban population, fertility, mortality, population policy in development planning including employment and income distribution, etc. Graphs, references and statistical tables.
Author | : Carlos Góes |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 34 |
Release | : 2017-10-31 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484324773 |
In this study, we document the decline in income inequality and a convergence in consumption patterns in Brazilian states in a new database constructed from micro data from the national households’ survey. We adjust the state-Gini coefficients for spatial price differences using information on households’ rental prices available in the survey. In a panel regression framework, we find that labor income growth, formalization, and schooling contributed to the decline in inequality during 2004-14, but redistributive policies, such as Bolsa Família, have also played a positive role. Going forward, it will be important to phase out untargeted subsidies, such as public spending on tertiary education, and contain growth of public sector wages, to improve budgetary efficiency and protect gains in equality.
Author | : João Pedro Azevedo |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 31 |
Release | : 2014-05-12 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484385535 |
We combine state-level fiscal data with household survey data to assess the links between sub-national fiscal policy and income inequality in Brazil over the period 1995-2011. The results indicate that a tighter fiscal stance at the sub-national level is not associated with a deterioration in inequality measures. This finding contrasts with the conclusions of several papers in the burgeoning literature on the effects of fiscal consolidation on inequality using national data for OECD economies. In addition, we find that a tighter stance is typically positively associated with a measure of “shared prosperity”. Hence, our results caution against extrapolating policy implications of the literature focusing on advanced economies to other settings.
Author | : Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 378 |
Release | : 2017-11-08 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1108588875 |
Inequality is a global concern, for its social and human consequences, and its impact on the pace and pattern of economic growth. In India and Brazil, this issue has received increasing attention in recent years. In Brazil, inequality grew until the 1980s, when it reached extreme levels, but has since been declining, especially during the first decade of the twenty-first century. In India, inequality showed little change up to the 1980s, but has since been rising. These differences result from a variety of economic, social and political factors, which are examined in depth in this comparative study. The book examines inequality in overall distributions of income and expenditure, and disparities across gender, region, caste, race, and access to education. It compares the experience of the two countries, and draws conclusions on the types of policy frameworks and institutions that might lead to a more equitable pattern of growth.