Moral Philosophy From Socrates To The 21st Aeon
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| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 2010-04-19 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1445746182 |
Ethics are a set of human rules, which morally allow an individual to interact in, or live freely within a group of people. This may be in society at large, a team, a professional body, or a group of people with similar interests.Historically, ethics or moral philosophy, are as old as human comprehension. These can be traced back to the pre-historic prohibited and accepted patterns of attitudes. Through the ages, attempts were made by thinkers to clarify the way people behave, share things, mix in numbers, and maintain standards. In modern times, the catalogue of such values and rules become part of all professions. Ethical contacts change with the advent of a new belief, codes of practice and reliance on each other. The brief historical survey of Western ethics from Socrates to the 21st century has shown constant themes. Each of these major questions is considered by this book in terms of meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 120 |
| Release | : 2019-08-16 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244510539 |
The philosophy of the mind deals with the examination of problems revolving around the concept of the mind. The mental may be distinguished from the physical in various ways: intentionality and consciousness provide important features of mental states. An important part of the argument is the claim that mental states are known in a special way: they are directly given, transparent to their owner and known infallibly. Monist and materialist believe that reality is physical and explained by natural science; sought in various ways to understand the mind in material terms. Behaviourism advocates that psychology should concern itself exclusively with observation of behaviour, disregarding introspection altogether. Others propose that mental states are the same as states of the brain. Dissatisfaction with these overly simple attempts to incorporate the mental into the physical realm led to the development of functionalism.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 89 |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 0244879893 |
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 133 |
| Release | : 2018-08-09 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244706514 |
THEOLOGY RELATIONSHIP OF RELIGIONS AND PHILOSOPHY Theological functions and interests imply that theology can master the disciplines with which it is confronted. Theology is based on authority (revelation) as documented in scriptures of various religions, philosophical, philological, historical studies and hermeneutical (critical interpretive) questions. Theological tasks broaden into a concern with the history and traditions of religions. With such approaches difficult and controversial questions arise; whether and to what extent the scriptural standards of the sources of revelation are modified by traditions. These problems play an important part in the relationship of people, cultures and their political philosophies. Thus, the question of truth posed by theology requires the constitution of a discipline that specifically concerns itself with fundamental questions, as is in systematic theology.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 102 |
| Release | : 2018-08-15 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244107971 |
Concepts and writings are not timeless and should instead be understood in terms of the historical context in which they developed. Ideology is a political belief-system which explains the world as it currently is and suggests how it should be changed. The term describes social classes, especially that of capitalism or bourgeoisie. Ideology is recognised as the means by which people perceive the social world and consciously subscribe to a political creed. Idealism is a set of views according to which the physical world is dependent upon the mind; we somehow create the world. Idealists are not saying that our experience of the world is other than what it is; simply a collection of 'ideas' that are coherent. Politics is the study and practice of how people are governed. Efforts are made to influence, gain, or wield power at various levels of government, internally and internationally, including dispute resolution, formal elections to the threat or use of outright coercion or force.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 96 |
| Release | : 2018-08-30 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244411816 |
Every individual has the right to pursue knowledge, to engage in research, or to teach independently of any political control. Academic freedom is desirable because knowledge is best discovered by the open investigation of facts and opinions. Nations exercise control over academic and educational systems. Some exploit this control for the purpose of indoctrination. Political theorists as diverse as Plato and Marx have argued that education gives people power to change their lives and enables whole societies to develop. The value of education can be illustrated by its impact in poorer countries. For the individual, education means access to better-paid, more varied jobs and higher status. Governments usually wish to hold down the potentially limitless costs of education while ensuring the production of a skilled and law-abiding citizenry, whereas others may have concerns about curriculum, assessment and discipline. In consequence, battles may be fought, but are rarely conclusively won.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 99 |
| Release | : 2013-07-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1291501789 |
PSYCHOTHERAPY, CONCEPTS OF TREATMENT The simplistic explanation of psychotherapy is that it deals with the treatment of disorders of emotion or personality by psychological methods. There are arguments about the effectiveness of psychotherapies, but it is generally agreed that success depends on a secure, confiding relationship between the therapist and patient and on a shared confidence in the capacity of the therapist and his or her theory to explain and eliminate the problem. In recent times psychotherapy gained recognition as a theory of and therapy for the mental disorders known as neuroses, and a general theory of personality and emotional development constructed by the many schools of behavioural sciences. Although the theories which psychotherapists follow are arguably the most inclusive in psychology, they still have fundamental conceptual weaknesses. Never-the-less, it is consider effective alongside the other forms of therapy, i.e. behavioural therapy, and treatments offered by psychiatry.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 104 |
| Release | : 2019-04-02 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244173737 |
Followers of Stoicism offer for consideration various metaphysical systems, united chiefly by their ethical implications. All variants on the pantheistic theme that the world constitutes a single, organically unified and benevolent whole, in which apparent evil results only from our limited view. Their philosophy had at its core the beliefs that virtue is based on: Knowledge; Reason and Harmony. The changes of circumstances were viewed with evenness of mind: pleasure, pain, and even death were irrelevant to true happiness. In time, the idea that only the accomplished wise man (the philosopher) could attain virtue was challenged, and Stoicism became more relevant to the reality of politics and statesmen. The Stoic belief in the brotherhood of man helped philosophy to make a real impact in later Republican Rome; upon such men as the young Cato (whose suicide brought him a martyr's fame), Brutus, and Cicero. Its disciples included Seneca, tutor and adviser to Nero and the emperor Marcus Aurelius.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 96 |
| Release | : 2019-01-11 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0244449503 |
Religion is a crucial source of legitimacy and Political mobilisation in Cultures. Conflict between groups is often within one state, based upon different religion, race, language, culture, history and ethnicity. Chaos may be caused due to scarce resources or in forms of oppression and prejudice, racism, segregation, and discrimination; culminating in civil war. Language differences reinforced by religious beliefs have often been a focus of political tension. Ethnic conflict is widespread in former colonies, where borders were drawn with no regard for the cultural differences. Secularisation and decline of religious belief are regarded as hallmarks of modernisation.
| Author | : Andreas Sofroniou |
| Publisher | : Lulu.com |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2013-07-17 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 1291491481 |
