Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer

Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer
Author: Joseph E. Roulston
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 389
Release: 2008-02-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1592597602

We are currently experiencing a fundamental shift in the way in which we approach the characterization of cancer. Never before has the make up of cancer tissues and individual cells been so exhaustively researched and char- terized. We are now capable of producing molecular “fingerprints” that ch- acterize the expression of all known and unknown genes within tumors and their surrounding tissues. More than 30,000 different genes may be measured in each patient’s tumor in a single experiment. Simultaneously, novel therapies that exploit the molecular roadmap have been developed and are now being offered to patients. These novel agents, such as Glivec, Herceptin, Iressa, and others, specifically target individual genes within tumors and can produce d- matic responses in some patients. These drugs are only the forerunners of a coming tidal wave of novel therapeutics that individually target specific m- ecules within cancer cells—more than 300 such agents are currently in phase I or II clinical trials. This is an exciting time for cancer specialists and patients alike. However, if we have learned anything from the past 50 or more years of research into cancer, it is that Lord Beaverbrook, in founding the British national health service in the 1950s, was frighteningly prescient when he defined the primary goal of health care to be “Diagnosis, Diagnosis, Diag- sis. ” Now, more than ever, it is essential that appropriate diagnostic methods and approaches are applied to the selection of patients for treatment.

Molecular Diagnostics

Molecular Diagnostics
Author: Jan Trost Jorgensen
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2019-05-08
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0429533691

This unique book provides a thorough overview of developing molecular cancer diagnostic assays, which are the prerequisites for optimal solutions within personalized cancer medicine. The book takes the reader through definitions of the pharmacodiagnostic concept, historical perspectives of the early steps into molecular cancer diagnostics linked to therapy, the basis of different diagnostic molecular techniques, ongoing research, drug-diagnostic co-development, assay validation, clinical trial methodology, regulatory issues around pharmacodiagnostics and future aspects within personalized cancer medicine.

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients
Author: Kamla Kant Shukla
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 341
Release: 2019-03-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 981135877X

This book aims to bring together a broad variety of examples of the role of pharmacogenomics in current drug development, uncovering dynamic concentration-dependent drug responses on biological systems to understand pharmacodynamics responses in human cancer where genetic lesions serve as tumor markers and provide a basis for cancer diagnosis. The book describes methods and protocols applied in molecular diagnostics. It offers pathologists and researchers providing molecular diagnostic services an array of the most recent and readily accessible reference to compare methods and techniques. Highlights include the molecular diagnosis of genetic aberrations by quantitative polymerase reaction (qPCR), sequence-specific oligonucleotide arrays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), CGH arrays-and methodologies directed at the detection of epigenetic events, high-throughput nucleic acid and protein arrays, direct sequencing and FISH-based methodologies, currently used in the diagnosis of solid tumors. The book also includes an innovative line of treatment in relation to the molecular prognosis, diagnosis and pharmacogenomics in the actual practice of clinical findings at molecular levels. The book covers the applications of numerous genetic testing methodologies; in approximately the chronological order of discovery and high-throughput diagnosis using advanced genomic approaches to identify such genes, in the search for novel drug targets and/or key determinants of drug reactions. It also promotes a wider understanding of molecular diagnostics among physicians, medical students, and scientists in academics, industry and corporate world.

Principles of Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Cancer Medicine

Principles of Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Cancer Medicine
Author: Dongfeng Tan
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Total Pages: 2177
Release: 2012-12-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1469820641

The role of molecular genetics in the treatment of malignancy continues to grow at an astonishing rate. Today’s subspecialized multidisciplinary approach to oncology has incorporated advances in targeted molecular therapy, prognosis, risk assessment, and prevention—all based at least in part on molecular diagnostics and imaging. Inside this cutting-edge resource, readers will explore broad, comprehensive perspectives on the current trends in molecular diagnosis of cancer and personalized cancer medicine. Authoritative discussions share insights from noted experts in cancer research, clinical trials, molecular diagnostics, personalized therapy, bioinformatics, and federal regulations. From the basic mechanisms of carcinogenesis to the most advanced molecular screening, staging, and treatment technologies, readers will discover clear and straightforward discussions directly relevant to patient diagnosis and care.

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients
Author: Kamla Kant Shukla
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2019
Genre: HEALTH & FITNESS
ISBN: 9789811358784

This book aims to bring together a broad variety of examples of the role of pharmacogenomics in current drug development, uncovering dynamic concentration-dependent drug responses on biological systems to understand pharmacodynamics responses in human cancer where genetic lesions serve as tumor markers and provide a basis for cancer diagnosis. The book describes methods and protocols applied in molecular diagnostics. It offers pathologists and researchers providing molecular diagnostic services an array of the most recent and readily accessible reference to compare methods and techniques. Highlights include the molecular diagnosis of genetic aberrations by quantitative polymerase reaction (qPCR), sequence-specific oligonucleotide arrays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), CGH arrays-and methodologies directed at the detection of epigenetic events, high-throughput nucleic acid and protein arrays, direct sequencing and FISH-based methodologies, currently used in the diagnosis of solid tumors. The book also includes an innovative line of treatment in relation to the molecular prognosis, diagnosis and pharmacogenomics in the actual practice of clinical findings at molecular levels. The book covers the applications of numerous genetic testing methodologies; in approximately the chronological order of discovery and high-throughput diagnosis using advanced genomic approaches to identify such genes, in the search for novel drug targets and/or key determinants of drug reactions. It also promotes a wider understanding of molecular diagnostics among physicians, medical students, and scientists in academics, industry and corporate world.

Cancer

Cancer
Author: Gary S. Stein
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 708
Release: 2019-09-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1118962885

A guide to recent insights into the genetic and epigenetic parameters of cancer biology and pathology and emerging clinical applications The thoroughly updated second edition of The Biology and Treatment of Cancer, now titled Cancer: Prevention, Early Detection, Treatment and Recovery, goes beyond reviewing the fundamental properties of cancer biology and the relevant issues associated with treatment of the disease. The new edition contains coverage of additional "patient centric" topics and presents cancer biology with selection of topics, facts, and perspectives written in easy-to-understand terms. With contributions from noted experts, the book explores recent advances in the understanding of cancer including breakthroughs in the molecular and cellular basis of cancer and provides strategies for approaching cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. The authors incorporate recent information on the genetic and epigenetic parameters of cancer biology and pathology with indications of emerging clinical applications. The text offers a unique guide to cancer prevention, early detection, treatment, and recovery for students, caregivers, and most importantly cancer patients. This significant book: Incorporates current insight into the genetic and epigenetic parameters of cancer biology and pathology and information on emerging clinical applications Contains contributions from leaders in cancer research, care, and clinical trials Offers an accessible guide to an accurate and balanced understanding of cancer and the cancer patient Focuses on the importance of cancer prevention, early detection, treatment, and survivorship Written for medical students, students of cancer biology, and caregivers and cancer patients, Cancer: Prevention, Early Detection, Treatment and Recovery offers an authoritative overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with cancer biology, cancer research, and the spectrum of clinical considerations.

Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer

Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer
Author: Pier Paolo Piccaluga
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 286
Release: 2024-04-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1837694346

Precision medicine, also known as personalized medicine, is an innovative approach to medical treatment and diagnosis that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person. In the context of cancer, precision medicine aims to tailor medical care to the specific genetic and molecular characteristics of each patient's tumor. This allows for more targeted and effective treatments, minimizing side effects and improving outcomes. The first step in precision medicine, especially in oncology, is represented by an accurate diagnosis, including molecular and genetic data. A comprehensive assessment in molecular pathology includes conventional and more innovative techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approaches, Sanger sequencing, and next-generation sequencing for genomic profiling. Precision medicine relies on the analysis of the patient's genomic information, including the DNA mutations present in their tumor. Genomic profiling helps identify specific genetic alterations that are driving the growth of cancer cells. This information is crucial for selecting targeted therapies that directly interfere with these specific molecular abnormalities. In addition, molecular diagnostics provide: • biomarker identification • tumor heterogeneity assessment In turn, this translates into direct treatment decision support. The information obtained through molecular tests guides oncologists in making more informed decisions about the most appropriate treatments for individual patients. This can include targeted therapies, immunotherapies, or other interventions based on the specific molecular profile of the tumor. Prognostication becomes treatment-specific (prediction) and predictive models can be developed by integrating genetic and molecular data with clinical information, to estimate the likelihood of treatment response, recurrence, and overall prognosis. Overall, molecular pathology has significantly advanced cancer diagnostics and treatment, leading to improved outcomes and a shift toward more personalized and effective care. The integration of molecular diagnostics and genomic information has transformed how cancer is understood and managed, offering new hope for patients and providing oncologists with powerful tools to combat the complexity of the disease.

Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology

Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology
Author: Yi Ding
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 449
Release: 2021-07-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030732274

This book is a review and high-yield reference on the clinical molecular diagnostics of malignant neoplasms. It aims to address the practical questions frequently encountered in the molecular oncology practice, as well as key points and pitfalls in the clinical interpretation of molecular tests in guiding precision cancer management. The text uses a Q&A format and case presentations, with emphasis on understanding the molecular test methods, diagnosis, classification, risk assessment and clinical correlation. Starting with an update on the molecular biology of cancer, the book focuses on the topics related to molecular diagnostics and genetics-based precision oncology. Separate chapters are dedicated to discussion of the bioinformatics for the analysis of genetic/genomic data generated from molecular assays, and quality control (QC)/quality assurance (QA) programs in the clinical laboratories; both are critical in producing high quality results for clinical care of cancer patients. These are followed by organ system-based reviews and discussions on the molecular genetic abnormalities and related tests covering diverse types of common to rare malignant neoplasms. This book also provides up-to-date knowledge related to malignant neoplasms, discusses the established as well as evolving requirements for pathologic diagnosis of these malignancies. It also discusses the cost effective utilization of molecular tests in clinical oncology. Written by experts in the field, Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology serves as a valuable reference for practicing pathologists, fellows, residents and other health care professionals.

Molecular Diagnostics

Molecular Diagnostics
Author: Jan Trost Jorgensen
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2019-05-08
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9814241458

This unique book provides a thorough overview of developing molecular cancer diagnostic assays, which are the prerequisites for optimal solutions within personalized cancer medicine. The book takes the reader through definitions of the pharmacodiagnostic concept, historical perspectives of the early steps into molecular cancer diagnostics linked to therapy, the basis of different diagnostic molecular techniques, ongoing research, drug-diagnostic co-development, assay validation, clinical trial methodology, regulatory issues around pharmacodiagnostics and future aspects within personalized cancer medicine.

Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer

Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer
Author: Finbarr E. Cotter
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 244
Release: 1996
Genre: Cancer
ISBN:

Leading clinicians and expert researchers bring together under one cover a comprehensive guide to the newest and most essential molecular techniques-particularly PCR-for diagnosing and monitoring hematological and solid tumors. These distinguished practitioners demonstrate step-by-step the use of PCR, FISH, CGH, Southern analysis, sequencing, and SSCP to assess cancer markers, to detect minimal disease and apoptosis, and to uncover particular translocations, mutations, and deletions. Their readily reproducible results offer physicians and scientists a promising entré into the powerful possibilities of using these techniques to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of cancer.