Modulation of Electrostatic Microelectromechanical Mirrors Using a CMOS Controller

Modulation of Electrostatic Microelectromechanical Mirrors Using a CMOS Controller
Author: Paul Rounsavall
Publisher:
Total Pages: 104
Release: 1999-03-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9781423545897

Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) is a rapidly growing technology that lends itself particularly well to optical applications. An example of an optical MEMS device is the piston-action mirror that modulates the phase of reflected light. The phase of reflected light can be varied using thermal or electrostatic actuation to control the position of the mirror. In previous research, a modulation method to control thermally actuated mirrors was developed. This thesis presents the development, implementation, fabrication, and testing of a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) controller capable of directly interfacing between a digital system, such as a computer, and an electrostatically actuated MEMS mirror device. The controller pulse width modulates a supply voltage to vary the power applied to the MEMS mirror device. The MEMS mirror device responds with negligible position ripple to the applied average power of the pulse width modulation signal. By varying the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, the position of the mirror is varied. This controller can be adapted to control other electrostatically actuated devices using the design and methodology described in this thesis. The implementation of this controller is a step toward the monolithic integration of a MEMS deformable mirror array with CMOS control electronics.

Integrated CMOS Electronic Drivers for Large Scale Metal MEMS Mirror Arrays Using Linearization Techniques

Integrated CMOS Electronic Drivers for Large Scale Metal MEMS Mirror Arrays Using Linearization Techniques
Author: Duk Joong Kim
Publisher:
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

Abstract: Spatial light modulators (SLM) are micromachined MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical-systems) devices that can modulate light by reflecting light rays at different phases. These devices when formed into a large-scale array can be used for high speed optical and secure optical communications by modulating the light rays' phase. With the advances in MEMS fabrication technology, it has become inexpensive to produce large scale minor arrays, which are more efficient than traditional LCD (liquid crystal display) based systems. The MEMS mirror arrays are fabricated on silicon substrates and there is a need to design the necessary electronics that control the operation of these minor arrays. The requirements of these electronic drivers have pushed towards the development of IC (Integrated Circuits) fabrication processes that allow operation at much higher voltages than traditional devices. These processes have made it possible to integrate electronic drivers together with MEMS devices on one substrate to form a compact and efficient system. In the past, MEMS mirror drivers were large in size and had limited functionality. During the last decade, various methods were developed to produce smaller and more proficient systems. The approach presented here led to a pixel design that is compact and scalable, which makes it suitable to form a large-scale array. In addition, the driver incorporates a linearization scheme that compensates for the non-linear relationship of minor deflection to the applied voltage, which is an inherent issue with an electrostatic- activated device. The challenges of making an integrated system of MEMS and IC are small area requirements, incorporation of low and high voltage devices, and high voltage switching techniques. In this dissertation, multiple development stages of a large scale SLM driver ranging from a simple 4 by 4 array to 160 by 160 are designed, built and tested. This work involved testing the possibility of integration at early stages leading to a functioning large scale integrated system of IC and MEMS devices.

MEMS Mirrors

MEMS Mirrors
Author: Huikai Xie
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2018-05-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3038428671

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "MEMS Mirrors" that was published in Micromachines

Optical MEMS

Optical MEMS
Author: Huikai Xie
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2019-08-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3039213032

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Optical MEMS that was published in Micromachines

MEMS

MEMS
Author: Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 576
Release: 2005-11-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1420036556

As our knowledge of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) continues to grow, so does The MEMS Handbook. The field has changed so much that this Second Edition is now available in three volumes. Individually, each volume provides focused, authoritative treatment of specific areas of interest. Together, they comprise the most comprehensive collection

MEMS Materials and Processes Handbook

MEMS Materials and Processes Handbook
Author: Reza Ghodssi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 1211
Release: 2011-03-18
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387473181

MEMs Materials and Processes Handbook" is a comprehensive reference for researchers searching for new materials, properties of known materials, or specific processes available for MEMS fabrication. The content is separated into distinct sections on "Materials" and "Processes". The extensive Material Selection Guide" and a "Material Database" guides the reader through the selection of appropriate materials for the required task at hand. The "Processes" section of the book is organized as a catalog of various microfabrication processes, each with a brief introduction to the technology, as well as examples of common uses in MEMs.

Resonant MEMS

Resonant MEMS
Author: Oliver Brand
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 512
Release: 2015-04-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 352767635X

Part of the AMN book series, this book covers the principles, modeling and implementation as well as applications of resonant MEMS from a unified viewpoint. It starts out with the fundamental equations and phenomena that govern the behavior of resonant MEMS and then gives a detailed overview of their implementation in capacitive, piezoelectric, thermal and organic devices, complemented by chapters addressing the packaging of the devices and their stability. The last part of the book is devoted to the cutting-edge applications of resonant MEMS such as inertial, chemical and biosensors, fluid properties sensors, timing devices and energy harvesting systems.

Handbook of Modern Sensors

Handbook of Modern Sensors
Author: Jacob Fraden
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2006-04-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387216049

Seven years have passed since the publication of the previous edition of this book. During that time, sensor technologies have made a remarkable leap forward. The sensitivity of the sensors became higher, the dimensions became smaller, the sel- tivity became better, and the prices became lower. What have not changed are the fundamental principles of the sensor design. They are still governed by the laws of Nature. Arguably one of the greatest geniuses who ever lived, Leonardo Da Vinci, had his own peculiar way of praying. He was saying, “Oh Lord, thanks for Thou do not violate your own laws. ” It is comforting indeed that the laws of Nature do not change as time goes by; it is just our appreciation of them that is being re?ned. Thus, this new edition examines the same good old laws of Nature that are employed in the designs of various sensors. This has not changed much since the previous edition. Yet, the sections that describe the practical designs are revised substantially. Recent ideas and developments have been added, and less important and nonessential designs were dropped. Probably the most dramatic recent progress in the sensor technologies relates to wide use of MEMS and MEOMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems and micro-electro-opto-mechanical systems). These are examined in this new edition with greater detail. This book is about devices commonly called sensors. The invention of a - croprocessor has brought highly sophisticated instruments into our everyday lives.

Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices

Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices
Author: Minhang Bao
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2005-04-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 008045562X

Sensors and actuators are now part of our everyday life and appear in many appliances, such as cars, vending machines and washing machines. MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) are micro systems consisting of micro mechanical sensors, actuators and micro electronic circuits. A variety of MEMS devices have been developed and many mass produced, but the information on these is widely dispersed in the literature. This book presents the analysis and design principles of MEMS devices. The information is comprehensive, focusing on microdynamics, such as the mechanics of beam and diaphragm structures, air damping and its effect on the motion of mechanical structures. Using practical examples, the author examines problems associated with analysis and design, and solutions are included at the back of the book. The ideal advanced level textbook for graduates, Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices is a suitable source of reference for researchers and engineers in the field.* Presents the analysis and design principles of MEMS devices more systematically than ever before.* Includes the theories essential for the analysis and design of MEMS includes the dynamics of micro mechanical structures* A problem section is included at the end of each chapter with answers provided at the end of the book.