Wireless multi-hop networks are more vulnerable to failures compared with wired networks due to dynamic topology, node misbehaviors, or even security attacks, which imposes a critical demand for the resilience of these networks. Motivated by this demand and the limitation of current research, we devote this dissertation on modeling, design, and analysis on the resilience of large-scale wireless multi-hop networks. In this dissertation, we first propose a novel semi-Markov node behavior model to analyze the topological survivability of wireless networks in the presence of both node misbehaviors and node failures, whose impacts are explicitly presented in the asymptotic bounds of the probabilistic k-connectivity obtained. In order to mitigate the impact of routing misbehaviors on network performance and topological connectivity, we next design a distributed topology control protocol, called PROACtive, to achieve (suboptimal) resilient topologies upon the original non-cooperative networks. Extensive ns2 simulations show that our protocol maintains generated topologies k-connected with high probability and improves network goodput significantly with low communication overheads. Noticing that a full connectivity can be impractical to achieve for large-scale networks, we then focus on the resilience of large-scale networks to random failures and investigate the critical time at which the network topology decomposes from a giant component to small disconnected parts. By coupling the network devolution process with an inverse continuum percolation process, we find the scaling laws of the critical phase transition time with respects to both light-tailed and heavy-tailed node lifetime distributions and show that a network with non-uniform node distribution can be more resilient to random failures than a network with uniform node distribution. Finally, we study the connection availability from the perspective of end users with individual mobility by analyzing the stochastic pr.