These 10 papers were commissioned for a conference to discuss such questions as: If the military has to restructure its work force, how easily will it manage this transition? How well will the affected employees do in the labor market? and How will the defense industry and educational institutions respond to the need for transition? After an introduction (Nevzer Stacey), the following papers are provided: "Cutting Recruits: A Profile of the Newly Unqualified" (David Boesel); "Crew Cuts: Effects of the Defense Drawdown on Minorities" (Janice Laurence); "Impact of the Military Drawdown on Youth Employment, Training, and Educational Opportunity" (David Grissmer); "Educational Resources Available for Transition of Servicemembers" (Clinton Anderson); "The Use of NOCTI (National Occupational Competency Testing Institute) Examinations to Assist Military Personnel Moving into the Civilian Work Force" (Scott Whitener); "Competency Requirements of Managerial Jobs in the Public and Private Sector: Similarities and Differences" (Joyce Shields, Joanne Adams); "Lessons from the Past: Mitigating the Effects of Military Cutbacks on Defense Workers" (Lois Lembo, Judith Philipson); "Firm-based Education and Training of Workers: A Case Study of the Xerox Corporation" (Burt Barnow, Amy Chasanov); "The Impact of Military Drawdowns on Student Assistance Programs" (Meredith Ludwig, Holly Hexter); and "Effect of Veterans Benefits on Veterans' Education and Earnings" (Joshua Angrist).