Microstructural Design of Advanced Engineering Materials

Microstructural Design of Advanced Engineering Materials
Author: Dmitri A. Molodov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 524
Release: 2013-07-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3527652833
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The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.

Advanced Engineering Materials and Modeling

Advanced Engineering Materials and Modeling
Author: Ashutosh Tiwari
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 528
Release: 2016-08-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1119242541
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The engineering of materials with advanced features is driving the research towards the design of innovative materials with high performances. New materials often deliver the best solution for structural applications, precisely contributing towards the finest combination of mechanical properties and low weight. The mimicking of nature's principles lead to a new class of structural materials including biomimetic composites, natural hierarchical materials and smart materials. Meanwhile, computational modeling approaches are the valuable tools complementary to experimental techniques and provide significant information at the microscopic level and explain the properties of materials and their very existence. The modeling also provides useful insights to possible strategies to design and fabricate materials with novel and improved properties. The book brings together these two fascinating areas and offers a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on materials interfaces and technologies the engineering materials. The topics covered in this book are divided into 2 parts: Engineering of Materials, Characterizations & Applications and Computational Modeling of Materials. The chapters include the following: Mechanical and resistance behavior of structural glass beams Nanocrystalline metal carbides - microstructure characterization SMA-reinforced laminated glass panel Sustainable sugarcane bagasse cellulose for papermaking Electrospun scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering Bio-inspired composites Density functional theory for studying extended systems First principles based approaches for modeling materials Computer aided materials design Computational materials for stochastic electromagnets Computational methods for thermal analysis of heterogeneous materials Modelling of resistive bilayer structures Modeling tunneling of superluminal photons through Brain Microtubules Computer aided surgical workflow modeling Displaced multiwavelets and splitting algorithms

Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials

Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials
Author: M. A. Meyers
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 317
Release: 2003-12-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080537235
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The importance of the nanoscale effects has been recognized in materials research for over fifty years, but it is only recently that advanced characterization and fabrication methods are enabling scientists to build structures atom-by-atom or molecule-by molecule. The understanding and control of the nanostructure has been, to a large extent, made possible by new atomistic analysis and characterization methods pioneered by transmission electron microscopy. Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials focuses on the effective use of such advanced analysis and characterization techniques in the design of materials. - Teaches effective use of advanced analysis and characterization methods at an atomistic level - Contains many supporting examples of materials in which such design concepts have been successfully applied

Engineering Materials 2

Engineering Materials 2
Author: Michael F. Ashby
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 380
Release: 2014-06-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1483297217
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Provides a thorough explanation of the basic properties of materials; of how these can be controlled by processing; of how materials are formed, joined and finished; and of the chain of reasoning that leads to a successful choice of material for a particular application. The materials covered are grouped into four classes: metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. Each class is studied in turn, identifying the families of materials in the class, the microstructural features, the processes or treatments used to obtain a particular structure and their design applications. The text is supplemented by practical case studies and example problems with answers, and a valuable programmed learning course on phase diagrams.

Metallurgy and Design of Alloys with Hierarchical Microstructures

Metallurgy and Design of Alloys with Hierarchical Microstructures
Author: Krishnan K. Sankaran
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 508
Release: 2017-06-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128120258
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Metallurgy and Design of Alloys with Hierarchical Microstructures covers the fundamentals of processing-microstructure-property relationships and how multiple properties are balanced and optimized in materials with hierarchical microstructures widely used in critical applications. The discussion is based principally on metallic materials used in aircraft structures; however, because they have sufficiently diverse microstructures, the underlying principles can easily be extended to other materials systems. With the increasing microstructural complexity of structural materials, it is important for students, academic researchers and practicing engineers to possess the knowledge of how materials are optimized and how they will behave in service. The book integrates aspects of computational materials science, physical metallurgy, alloy design, process design, and structure-properties relationships, in a manner not done before. It fills a knowledge gap in the interrelationships of multiple microstructural and deformation mechanisms by applying the concepts and tools of designing microstructures for achieving combinations of engineering properties—such as strength, corrosion resistance, durability and damage tolerance in multi-component materials—used for critical structural applications. - Discusses the science behind the properties and performance of advanced metallic materials - Provides for the efficient design of materials and processes to satisfy targeted performance in materials and structures - Enables the selection and development of new alloys for specific applications based upon evaluation of their microstructure as illustrated in this work

Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons

Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons
Author: Madeleine Durand-Charre
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3662087294
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The book comprises three parts. Part 1 gives a historical description of the development of ironworking techniques since the earliest times. Part 2 is the core of the book and deals with the metallurgical basis of microstructures, with four main themes: phase diagrams, solidification processes, diffusion, and solid state phase transformations. Part 3 begins by an introduction to steel design principles. It then goes on to consider the different categories of steels, placing emphasis on their specific microstructural features. Finally, a comprehensive reference list includes several hundred pertinent articles and books. The book is the work of a single author, thus ensuring uniformity and concision. It is intended for scientists, metallurgical engineers and senior technicians in research and development laboratories, design offices and quality departments, as well as for teachers and students in universities, technical colleges and other higher education establishments.

Microstructure And Properties Of Materials, Vol 2

Microstructure And Properties Of Materials, Vol 2
Author: James C M Li
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Total Pages: 454
Release: 2000-10-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9813105658
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This is the second volume of an advanced textbook on microstructure and properties of materials. (The first volume is on aluminum alloys, nickel-based superalloys, metal matrix composites, polymer matrix composites, ceramics matrix composites, inorganic glasses, superconducting materials and magnetic materials). It covers titanium alloys, titanium aluminides, iron aluminides, iron and steels, iron-based bulk amorphous alloys and nanocrystalline materials.There are many elementary materials science textbooks, but one can find very few advanced texts suitable for graduate school courses. The contributors to this volume are experts in the subject, and hence, together with the first volume, it is a good text for graduate microstructure courses. It is a rich source of design ideas and applications, and will provide a good understanding of how microstructure affects the properties of materials.Chapter 1, on titanium alloys, covers production, thermomechanical processing, microstructure, mechanical properties and applications. Chapter 2, on titanium aluminides, discusses phase stability, bulk and defect properties, deformation mechanisms of single phase materials and polysynthetically twinned crystals, and interfacial structures and energies between phases of different compositions. Chapter 3, on iron aluminides, reviews the physical and mechanical metallurgy of Fe3Al and FeAl, the two important structural intermetallics. Chapter 4, on iron and steels, presents methodology, microstructure at various levels, strength, ductility and strengthening, toughness and toughening, environmental cracking and design against fracture for many different kinds of steels. Chapter 5, on bulk amorphous alloys, covers the critical cooling rate and the effect of composition on glass formation and the accompanying mechanical and magnetic properties of the glasses. Chapter 6, on nanocrystalline materials, describes the preparation from vapor, liquid and solid states, microstructure including grain boundaries and their junctions, stability with respect to grain growth, particulate consolidation while maintaining the nanoscale microstructure, physical, chemical, mechanical, electric, magnetic and optical properties and applications in cutting tools, superplasticity, coatings, transformers, magnetic recordings, catalysis and hydrogen storage.

Biomimetic Principles and Design of Advanced Engineering Materials

Biomimetic Principles and Design of Advanced Engineering Materials
Author: Zhenhai Xia
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2016-06-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118926242
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This book explores the structure-property-process relationship of biomaterials from engineering and biomedical perspectives, and the potential of bio-inspired materials and their applications. A large variety of natural materials with outstanding physical and mechanical properties have appeared in the course of evolution. From a bio-inspired viewpoint, materials design requires a novel and highly cross disciplinary approach. Considerable benefits can be gained by providing an integrated approach using bio-inspiration with materials science and engineering. The book is divided into three parts; Part One focuses on mechanical aspects, dealing with conventional material properties: strength, toughness, hardness, wear resistance, impact resistance, self-healing, adhesion, and adaptation and morphing. Part Two focuses on functional materials with unique capabilities, such as self-cleaning, stimuli-response, structural color, anti-reflective materials, catalytic materials for clean energy conversion and storage, and other related topics. Part Three describes how to mimic natural materials processes to synthesize materials with low cost, efficient and environmentally friendly approaches. For each chapter, the approach is to describe situations in nature first and then biomimetic materials, fulfilling the need for an interdisciplinary approach which overlaps both engineering and materials science.

Materials Discovery and Design

Materials Discovery and Design
Author: Turab Lookman
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2018-09-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319994654
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This book addresses the current status, challenges and future directions of data-driven materials discovery and design. It presents the analysis and learning from data as a key theme in many science and cyber related applications. The challenging open questions as well as future directions in the application of data science to materials problems are sketched. Computational and experimental facilities today generate vast amounts of data at an unprecedented rate. The book gives guidance to discover new knowledge that enables materials innovation to address grand challenges in energy, environment and security, the clearer link needed between the data from these facilities and the theory and underlying science. The role of inference and optimization methods in distilling the data and constraining predictions using insights and results from theory is key to achieving the desired goals of real time analysis and feedback. Thus, the importance of this book lies in emphasizing that the full value of knowledge driven discovery using data can only be realized by integrating statistical and information sciences with materials science, which is increasingly dependent on high throughput and large scale computational and experimental data gathering efforts. This is especially the case as we enter a new era of big data in materials science with the planning of future experimental facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source at Stanford (LCLS-II), the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EXFEL) and MaRIE (Matter Radiation in Extremes), the signature concept facility from Los Alamos National Laboratory. These facilities are expected to generate hundreds of terabytes to several petabytes of in situ spatially and temporally resolved data per sample. The questions that then arise include how we can learn from the data to accelerate the processing and analysis of reconstructed microstructure, rapidly map spatially resolved properties from high throughput data, devise diagnostics for pattern detection, and guide experiments towards desired targeted properties. The authors are an interdisciplinary group of leading experts who bring the excitement of the nascent and rapidly emerging field of materials informatics to the reader.

Microstructural Characterization of Materials

Microstructural Characterization of Materials
Author: David Brandon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 517
Release: 2013-03-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118681487
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Microstructural characterization is usually achieved by allowing some form of probe to interact with a carefully prepared specimen. The most commonly used probes are visible light, X-ray radiation, a high-energy electron beam, or a sharp, flexible needle. These four types of probe form the basis for optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy. Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition is an introduction to the expertise involved in assessing the microstructure of engineering materials and to the experimental methods used for this purpose. Similar to the first edition, this 2nd edition explores the methodology of materials characterization under the three headings of crystal structure, microstructural morphology, and microanalysis. The principal methods of characterization, including diffraction analysis, optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and chemical microanalytical techniques are treated both qualitatively and quantitatively. An additional chapter has been added to the new edition to cover surface probe microscopy, and there are new sections on digital image recording and analysis, orientation imaging microscopy, focused ion-beam instruments, atom-probe microscopy, and 3-D image reconstruction. As well as being fully updated, this second edition also includes revised and expanded examples and exercises, with a solutions manual available at http://develop.wiley.co.uk/microstructural2e/ Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students of material science, materials engineering, and materials chemistry, as well as to qualified engineers and more advanced researchers, who will find the book a useful and comprehensive general reference source.