Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis
| Author | : Holger Gärtner |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 78 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : Microscopy |
| ISBN | : 9783941300767 |
Microscopic Preparation Techniques For Plant Stem Analysis
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The Plant Stem
| Author | : Fritz H. Schweingruber |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 207 |
| Release | : 2018-06-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319735241 |
This unique and attractive open access textbook combines the beauty of macroscopic pictures of plant stems with the corresponding colorfully stained images of anatomical micro-structures. In contrast to most botanical textbooks, it presents all the stem characteristics as photographs and shows the microscopic reality. The amount of text is reduced to a minimum, and the scientific information is highlighted with short legends and labeled photographs, allowing readers to focus on the pictures to easily understand how the anatomical structures relate to genetic, ecological, decomposition and technical influences. It includes a chapter devoted to simple anatomical preparation techniques, and further chapters showing the cell content, cell walls, meristematic tissues and stem structures of all major taxonomic units and morphological growth forms in various ecological and climatic regions from subarctic to equatorial latitudes, as well as structures of fossil, subfossil and technically altered wood. This textbook appeals to students and researchers in the fields of plant anatomy, taxonomy, ecology, dendrochronology, history, plant pathology, and evolutionary biology as well as to technologists.
Plant Microtechniques and Protocols
| Author | : Edward Chee Tak Yeung |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 572 |
| Release | : 2015-09-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319199447 |
A proper understanding of the structural organization of the plant body is essential to any study in plant biology. Experimental studies in vivo and in situ will lead to structural, physiological, and cellular changes of the experimental material. To study macroscopic and microscopic changes, different histological methods and microtechniques can be used as they provide valuable information of the experimental system. In addition, the observed structural changes allow investigators to set hypothesis for further studies based on one’s own observation. Thus, proper selection and utilization of microtechniques are a must for the success of a research program. At present, an up-to-date collection of protocols are not readily available in the literature. The latest work in plant microtechniques was published in 1999 by Ruzin but many others are no longer in print [e.g., Jensen (1964); O’Brien and McCully (1981)]. Furthermore, a majority of published works focus on techniques related to general processing and staining procedures. A comprehensive treatment that encompasses broader applications of microtechniques to other disciplines is lacking [e.g., archeology, wood science, etc.]. There is a need to create a comprehensive volume of botanical methods and protocols which includes traditional and novel techniques that can be used by researchers in plant science and investigators in other disciplines that require plant microtechniques in their research and teaching. This book covers a wide variety of applications and brings them up-to-date to make them understandable and relevant, especially to students using the methods for the first time. It is our intention to create a useful reference for plant histology and related methods that will serve as a foundation for plant scholars, researchers, and teachers in the plant sciences.
Atlas of Stem Anatomy of Arctic and Alpine Plants Around the Globe
| Author | : Fritz Hans Schweingruber |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 453 |
| Release | : 2020-12-07 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030539768 |
This is the first book to provide comprehensive information on the anatomy and ecology of arctic and alpine plants from cold sites around the globe, including representative species from Greenland, Iceland, Svalbard, Himalaya, Japan, Argentina, Ecuador and Western USA. It presents the study sites, including characteristic landscape and vegetation photographs. It also discusses species distribution, habitat preferences and features plant pictures, particularly focusing on the specific stem anatomical features, which differ in many cases from temperate zone herbs. Furthermore, each plant is characterized according to a newly constructed codification system. Based on the first author’s 20-years of field research, a close collaboration with numerous botanical gardens, and the vast ecological experience of the other authors, the book presents approximately 350 species. The general layout is comparable to Doležal et al’s 2018 book Anatomy, Age and Ecology of High Mountain Plants in Ladakh, the Western Himalaya.
Sample Preparation Techniques for Soil, Plant, and Animal Samples
| Author | : Miodrag Micic |
| Publisher | : Humana |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016-01-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781493931842 |
The Sample Preparation Techniques for Environmental, Plant, and Animal Samples handbook is a collection of best practices, recipes and theoretical information aimed at anyone who works with any type of molecular biology, proteomics, or metabolomics research involving diffi cult and tough-to-process samples, and thus is exposed to the seemingly unbreakable bottleneck of sample preparation. Th is book is most useful to researchers preparing nucleic acids and proteins from environmental (e.g., soil, marine, and wastewater, feces) and tough microbiological (e.g., spores, yeasts, gram positive bacteria) samples, as well as solid tissue samples from plants and animals. This book is the first comprehensive piece of literature dealing with applications of bead beating technology and other types of mechanical homogenization sample preparation.
Bark Anatomy of Trees and Shrubs in the Temperate Northern Hemisphere
| Author | : Fritz H. Schweingruber |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 399 |
| Release | : 2019-04-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030140563 |
This book presents the microscopic and macroscopic bark structure of more than 180 different tree and shrub species from Europe, Asia and North America. It is the first compendium to demonstrate the anatomical variability in bark since almost 70 years (Holdheide 1951). The introductory chapter explains with high-quality microphotographs the anatomical traits most important for identification and ecological interpretation of barks, and the monographic part demonstrates in text and pictures the species-specific patterns. The species treatments are grouped by their main biomes. Each species description first characterizes the macroscopic aspects with its main form, features and habitat with text and pictures of the whole plant and the barks in a young and old stage. This is followed by the microscopical description of each species. The microscopic photographs are based on double-stained slides, revealing the quality and distribution of unlignified and lignified tissues in low and high magnification. The book fills a scientific gap: Archeologists and soil scientists want to identify prehistoric and historical remnants. Ecophysiologists are interested in the distribution of conducting and non-conducting tissues in the phloem and xylem along the stem axis and the internal longevity of cells. Ecologists get information about internal defense mechanisms and technologists are enabled to recognize indicators relevant in biophysics and technology.
Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy
| Author | : Frances M. Ross |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 529 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1107116570 |
2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
Phloem
| Author | : Johannes Liesche |
| Publisher | : Humana |
| Total Pages | : 473 |
| Release | : 2019-06-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781493995615 |
This detailed book presents methods that enable the determination of parameters relevant to phloem research in the most efficient ways, putting plant scientists with access to adequate instrumentation in the position to answer any phloem-related question. The collection explores techniques that have been used for decades, such as tracing phloem transport with carbon isotopes, as well as recent developments, such as esculin-based assays of phloem transport and super-resolution microscopy of phloem proteins. As such, the book presents the state-of-the-art in phloem research and, at the same time, a starting point for the development of new methods that will fill the remaining gaps in the phloem researcher’s toolbox in the future. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Phloem: Methods and Protocols is an ideal guide for all researchers exploring this challenging area of plant biology.
Handbook of Sample Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis
| Author | : Patrick Echlin |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 329 |
| Release | : 2011-04-14 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0387857311 |
Scanning electr on microscopy (SEM) and x-ray microanalysis can produce magnified images and in situ chemical information from virtually any type of specimen. The two instruments generally operate in a high vacuum and a very dry environment in order to produce the high energy beam of electrons needed for imaging and analysis. With a few notable exceptions, most specimens destined for study in the SEM are poor conductors and composed of beam sensitive light elements containing variable amounts of water. In the SEM, the imaging system depends on the specimen being sufficiently electrically conductive to ensure that the bulk of the incoming electrons go to ground. The formation of the image depends on collecting the different signals that are scattered as a consequence of the high energy beam interacting with the sample. Backscattered electrons and secondary electrons are generated within the primary beam-sample interactive volume and are the two principal signals used to form images. The backscattered electron coefficient ( ? ) increases with increasing atomic number of the specimen, whereas the secondary electron coefficient ( ? ) is relatively insensitive to atomic number. This fundamental diff- ence in the two signals can have an important effect on the way samples may need to be prepared. The analytical system depends on collecting the x-ray photons that are generated within the sample as a consequence of interaction with the same high energy beam of primary electrons used to produce images.
