Methylmercury Accumulation In Rice
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| Author | : Xinbin Feng |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 229 |
| Release | : 2024-09-04 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1040106943 |
This book presents state-of-the-art knowledge related to concerns about methylmercury (MeHg) in the soil-rice system. It covers increasing concerns about human exposure to methylmercury through the consumption of Hg-contaminated rice and shows the global contamination of soil and how Hg can be mobilized, immobilized, methylated, and demethylated in soils. The authors present the biogeochemical process through which rice plants accumulate Hg. This book comprehensively displays the biogeochemical behavior of Hg in paddy soils and rice plants, as well as the current remediation technologies to mitigate Hg risks from paddy soil ecosystems. Features: Provides cutting-edge knowledge on mercury in paddy field ecosystems Discusses the key biogeochemical transformation processes of mercury in soil Explains the accumulation processes of mercury in rice plants Includes case studies on how to inhibit mercury accumulation in rice plants Shows the application of Hg stable isotope traces in paddy soil-rice field studies Intended for researchers, graduate students, and professionals working in fields such as Geochemistry, Agronomy, and Environmental Science and Engineering, this book will be an important resource for anyone interested in Hg contamination in soils and rice and the related risk for human and environmental health.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 2000-09-27 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 0309171717 |
Mercury is widespread in our environment. Methylmercury, one organic form of mercury, can accumulate up the aquatic food chain and lead to high concentrations in predatory fish. When consumed by humans, contaminated fish represent a public health risk. Combustion processes, especially coal-fired power plants, are major sources of mercury contamination in the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering regulating mercury emissions from those plants. Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury reviews the health effects of methylmercury and discusses the estimation of mercury exposure from measured biomarkers, how differences between individuals affect mercury toxicity, and appropriate statistical methods for analysis of the data and thoroughly compares the epidemiological studies available on methylmercury. Included are discussions of current mercury levels on public health and a delineation of the scientific aspects and policy decisions involved in the regulation of mercury. This report is a valuable resource for individuals interested in the public health effects and regulation of mercury. The report also provides an excellent example of the implications of decisions in the risk assessment process for a larger audience.
| Author | : Ralf Ebinghaus |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 538 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 3662037548 |
An up-to-date overview of the characterization, risk assessment and remediation of mercury-contaminated sites. The book summarizes, for the first time, works from Europe, Russia and the American continent, and review chapters are supplemented by detailed, international case studies.
| Author | : Guangliang Liu |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 435 |
| Release | : 2011-11-07 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1118146638 |
This book provides the fundamentals, recent developments, and future research needs for critical mercury transformation and transport processes, as well as the experimental methods that have been employed in recent studies. The coverage discusses the environmental behavior and toxicological effects of mercury on organisms, including humans, and provides case studies at the end of each chapter. Bringing together information normally spread across several books, this text is unique in covering the entire mercury cycle and providing a baseline for what is known and what uncertainties remain in respect to mercury cycling.
| Author | : Sandra Ceccatelli |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 375 |
| Release | : 2012-03-23 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 146142383X |
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant that knows no environmental boundaries. Even the most stringent control of anthropogenic Hg sources will not eliminate exposure given its ubiquitous presence. Exposure to Hg occurs primarily via the food chain due to MeHg’s accumulation in fish. Latest US statistics indicate that 46 States have fish consumption advisories. In addition, Hg is a common pollutant in hazardous waste sites, with an estimated 3-4 million children living within one mile of at least one of the 1,300+ active hazardous waste sites in the US. The effects on intellectual function in children prenatally exposed to MeHg via maternal fish consumption have been the subject of two on-going major, prospective, longitudinal studies in the Seychelles and the Faroe Islands. It is important to recognize that the risk for MeHg exposure is not limited only to islanders with high fish consumption. This book will provide state-of-the-art information to the graduate student training in toxicology, risk assessors, researchers and medical providers at large. It is aimed to bring the reader up to date on contemporary issues associated with exposure to methylmercury, from its effects on stem cells and neurons to population studies.
| Author | : Balwant Singh |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 509 |
| Release | : 2010-02-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080932843 |
Over the past 20 years, synchrotron-based research applications have provided important insight into the geochemical cycling of ions and the chemical and crystallographic properties of minerals in soils and sediments. Of particular significance is the understanding of local coordination environments with the use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The high flux and brightness of the X-ray beams have allowed researchers to work at environmentally relevant concentrations. The use of focusing mirrors and apertures which allow for mapping and trace particle surfaces, microbes, roots, channels and elements at the micron and at a nano-meter scale in 2 and 3D have also been a great enhancement to science. This book provides the most up-to-date information on synchrotron-based research applications in the field of soil, sediment and earth sciences. Invited authors provide chapters on a wide range of research topics including multiphase flow and transport processes (physical aspects), rhizosphere and microbial life (biological aspects), and dynamics of C, N, S, P and heavy metals and metalloids (chemical aspects). In addition, perspectives on the impact of synchrotron based applications, particularly X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and the role of synchrotron applications in remediation, regulatory, and decision making processes are considered. Up-to-date, with the latest research results and techniques in synchrotron-based techniques Information on specific techniques, elements and minerals, regulatory and remediation decision making, contaminants and the impact of X-ray absorption spectroscopy on soil science Internationally recognized leaders in their fields of expertise from Europe, North America, Asia and Australia
| Author | : Ronald Eisler |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 333 |
| Release | : 2006-03-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1420008838 |
Complex and ever changing in its forms and functions, the element mercury follows a convoluted course through the environment and up the food chain. The process is complicated further by the fact that the difference between tolerable natural background levels and harmful effects in the environment is exceptionally small and still not completely und
| Author | : Vimal Chandra Pandey |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 446 |
| Release | : 2021-09-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128230835 |
Assisted Phytoremediaion covers a wide range of uses of plants for remediation of environmental pollutants. It includes coverage of such techniques as root engineering, transgenic plants, increasing the biomass, use of genetic engineering and genome editing technology for rapid phytoremediation of pollutants. In order to improve the efficiency of plant remediation, genetic engineering plays a vital role in the overexpression of genes or gene clusters, which are responsible for degradation and uptake of pollutants. The book presents state-of-the-art techniques of assisted phytoremediation to better manage soil and water pollution in large amounts. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, students, and engineers in environmental science and bioengineering, with case studies and state-of-the-art research from eminent global scientists. This book serves as an excellent basis from which scientific knowledge can grow and widen in the field of environmental remediation. Provides a clear picture of how to design, tune, and implement assisted phytoremediation techniques Offers a comprehensive analysis of current perspective and state-of-the-art applications of assisted phytoremediation Introduces the potential of genetic engineering as a rapid, cost-effective technology for environmental remediation using plants
| Author | : Donald B. Porcella |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014-08-23 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789401040693 |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiv PART I MERCURY AND HUMAN HEALTH B. WHEATLEY and S. PARADIS I Exposure of Canadian Aboriginal Peoples to Methylmercury 3-11 M. GIRARD and C. DUMONT I Exposure of James Bay Cree to Methylmercury during Pregnancy for the Years 1983-91 13-19 M. RICHARDSON, M. MITCHELL, S. COAD and R. RAPHAEL I Exposure to Mercury in Canada: A Multimedia Analysis 21-30 M. RICHARDSON, M. EGYED and D. J. CURRIE I Human Exposure to Mercury may Decrease as Acidic Deposition Increases 31-39 L. E. FLEMING, S. WATKINS, R. KADERMAN, B. LEVIN, D. R. AVYAR, M. BIZZIO, D. STEPHENS and J. A. BEAN I Mercury Exposure in Humans through Food Consumption from the Everglades of Florida 41-48 J. M. GEARHART, H. J. CLEWELL III, K. S. CRUMP, A. M. SHIPP and A. SILVERS I Pharmacokinetic Dose Estimates of Mercury in Children and Dose-Response Curves of Performance Tests in a Large Epidemiological Study 49-58 I. SKARE I Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings 59-67 J. DELLINGER, N. KMIECIK, S. GERSTENBERGER and H. NGU I Mercury Contamina tion of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: I. Walleye Fillets and Skin-On versus Skin-Off Sampling 69-76 J. DELLINGER, L. MALEK and M. BEATTIE I Mercury Contamination of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: II. Sensory Evoked Responses in Rats Fed Walleye 77-83 H. AKAGI, O. MALM, F. J. P. BRANCHES, Y. KINJO, Y. KASHIMA, J. R. D. GUIMARAES, R. B. OLIVEIRA, K. HARAGUCHI, W. C. PFEIFFER, Y.
| Author | : Kari Christine Tanner |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780355763812 |
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxic and bioaccumulative form of mercury that can be produced by bacteria living in water saturated soils, including those found in flooded rice fields. In the Sacramento Valley, California, rice is grown on 240,000 hectares, and mercury is a concern due to a history of mining in the surrounding mountains. Using unfiltered aqueous MeHg data from MeHg monitoring programs in the Sacramento River watershed from 1996 to 2007, the MeHg contribution from rice systems to the Sacramento River, was assessed. AgDrain MeHg concentrations were elevated compared to upstream river water during November through May, but were not significantly different during June through October. June through October AgDrain MeHg loads (concentration × flow) contributed 10.7–14.8% of the total Sacramento River MeHg load. Missing flow data prevented calculation of the percent contribution of AgDrains in November through May. Field scale MeHg dynamics were studied in two commercial rice fields in the Sacramento Valley. The Studied fields had soil total mercury concentrations of 25 and 57 ng g−1, which is near the global background level. Surface water and rice grain MeHg and THg concentrations were low compared to previously studied fields. An analysis of surface water drainage loads indicates that both fields were net MeHg importers during the growing season and net MeHg exporters during the fallow season. Since the microbes that produce MeHg prefer flooded environments, management that dries the soil might reduce MeHg production. Conventional continuously flooded (CF) rice field water management was compared to alternate wetting and drying, where irrigation was stopped twice during the growing season, allowing soil to dry to 35% volumetric moisture content, at which point plots were re-flooded (AWD-35). Compared to CF, AWD-35 resulted in a significant reduction of MeHg concentration in soil, surface water and rice grain.
