Metaphor, Metonymy, the Body and the Environment

Metaphor, Metonymy, the Body and the Environment
Author: Jeannette Littlemore
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2023-07-31
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1009050702

By exploring the associations that people make between emotions and colours, looking at how they vary across languages, and exploring the explanations that people provide for the associations that they make, this Element provides insight into the ways in which humans express emotions through colour, and the reasons why they do so. Metaphoric (and metonymic) language and thought play a key role on several levels in the formation of emotion–colour associations, interacting with physical, environmental and social factors. A strong metaphorical connection between the valence of the emotion and the lightness of the colours with which it is associated, and between the intensity of an emotion and the saturation level of the colours with which it is associated is found. However, the strength of this association varies according to the linguistic background of the speaker, and the gender in which the emotion is presented.

Cognitive Explorations Into Metaphor and Metonymy

Cognitive Explorations Into Metaphor and Metonymy
Author: Frank Polzenhagen
Publisher: Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2014
Genre: Cognitive grammar
ISBN: 9783631647707

This volume presents cognitive-linguistic studies on metaphor and metonymy. It includes papers with a theoretical scope and case studies. The topics range from emotion terms, political and scientific discourse, morphology, cross-cultural variation to internet communication. The authors use corpus-based, qualitative and discourse-analytic methods.

Metaphors in the Mind

Metaphors in the Mind
Author: Jeannette Littlemore
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2019-08-15
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 110841656X

Explores the physical, psychological and social factors that shape the way in which people engage with embodied metaphor, including, for example, the shape of one's body, age, gender, physical or linguistic impairments, ideology and religious beliefs. It will appeal to students and researchers in cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology.

Metaphors We Live By

Metaphors We Live By
Author: George Lakoff
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 256
Release: 1980-11-01
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9780226468006

The now-classic Metaphors We Live By changed our understanding of metaphor and its role in language and the mind. Metaphor, the authors explain, is a fundamental mechanism of mind, one that allows us to use what we know about our physical and social experience to provide understanding of countless other subjects. Because such metaphors structure our most basic understandings of our experience, they are "metaphors we live by"—metaphors that can shape our perceptions and actions without our ever noticing them. In this updated edition of Lakoff and Johnson's influential book, the authors supply an afterword surveying how their theory of metaphor has developed within the cognitive sciences to become central to the contemporary understanding of how we think and how we express our thoughts in language.

Metaphor

Metaphor
Author: Beate Hampe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 395
Release: 2017-06-29
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1108191096

Metaphor theory has shifted from asking whether metaphor is 'conceptual' or 'linguistic' to debating whether it is 'embodied' or 'discursive'. Although recent work in the social and cognitive sciences has yielded clear opportunities to resolve that dispute, the divide between discourse- and cognition-oriented approaches has remained. To unite the field, this book brings together leading metaphor researchers from a number of disciplines. It collects major arguments and presents a wide variety of empirical evidence, placing special emphasis on the embodiment and socio-cultural embeddedness of cognition, as well as the multi-modal and social-interactive nature of communication. It shows that metaphor theory can only profit from an approach that takes multiple perspectives into consideration and tries to account for findings yielded by multiple methodologies. By doing so, it works towards a dynamic, multi-dimensional, socio-cognitive model of metaphor that goes beyond what research traditions have separately achieved.

Body Part Terms in Conceptualization and Language Usage

Body Part Terms in Conceptualization and Language Usage
Author: Iwona Kraska-Szlenk
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2020-03-23
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027261660

The volume focuses on body part terms as the vehicle of embodied cognition and conceptualization. It explores the relationship between universal embodiment, language-specific cultural models and linguistic usage practices. The chapters of the volume add to the previous research in a novel way. The presentation of original data from previously undescribed languages spoken by small communities in Africa and South America allows to discover unknown aspects of embodiment and to propose new interpretations. Well-known languages are analyzed from a new perspective relying on the benefits of linguistic corpora. Contrastive and theoretically oriented studies help to pinpoint similarities and differences among languages, as well as tendencies in conceptualization patterns and semantic development of the lexis of body part terms. The volume contributes to the field of linguistics, but also to cognitive science, anthropology and cultural studies.

Urban Flotsam

Urban Flotsam
Author: Raoul Bunschoten
Publisher: 010 Publishers
Total Pages: 460
Release: 2001
Genre: Architects
ISBN: 9064503877

The manner in which global trends affect cities and increase instability is like letting a rising river loose on a house. Global trends create urban flotsam that forms a second skin of the earth. How is this visible and how can it be useful in urban planning? This book answers questions through examples. It contains a manifesto for a general debate of issues, a poetic setting of the theme of the second skin and case studies undertaken in urban situations. With splendid photographs and magnificent conceptual maps and diagrams, the book balances between urban theory, urban pedagogy and urban poetry.

The Meaning of the Body

The Meaning of the Body
Author: Mark Johnson
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2012-06-29
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 022602699X

In The Meaning of the Body, Mark Johnson continues his pioneering work on the exciting connections between cognitive science, language, and meaning first begun in the classic Metaphors We Live By. Johnson uses recent research into infant psychology to show how the body generates meaning even before self-consciousness has fully developed. From there he turns to cognitive neuroscience to further explore the bodily origins of meaning, thought, and language and examines the many dimensions of meaning—including images, qualities, emotions, and metaphors—that are all rooted in the body’s physical encounters with the world. Drawing on the psychology of art and pragmatist philosophy, Johnson argues that all of these aspects of meaning-making are fundamentally aesthetic. He concludes that the arts are the culmination of human attempts to find meaning and that studying the aesthetic dimensions of our experience is crucial to unlocking meaning's bodily sources. Throughout, Johnson puts forth a bold new conception of the mind rooted in the understanding that philosophy will matter to nonphilosophers only if it is built on a visceral connection to the world. “Mark Johnson demonstrates that the aesthetic and emotional aspects of meaning are fundamental—central to conceptual meaning and reason, and that the arts show meaning-making in its fullest realization. If you were raised with the idea that art and emotion were external to ideas and reason, you must read this book. It grounds philosophy in our most visceral experience.”—George Lakoff, author of Moral Politics

Attention to Metaphor

Attention to Metaphor
Author: Valentina Cuccio
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Total Pages: 175
Release: 2018-09-25
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027263353

The last decades of the twentieth century have witnessed a fundamental scientific discovery: the identification of mirror neurons and, consequently, the development of the Embodied Simulation theory. Neuroscientific data on the mechanism of Embodied Simulation and its role in conceptual and linguistic processing, figurative language included, have stimulated a great deal of research on the embodied nature of conceptual metaphors. However, the very definition of the notions of body and embodiment are today still controversial in the Embodied Cognition debate. This book addresses the issue of the specific contribution of the body to conceptual and linguistic processing and provides a new definition for the mechanism of Embodied Simulation. In this light, and in consideration of a revision of the contemporary theory of metaphor recently introduced by Gerard Steen, who distinguished between deliberate and non-deliberate metaphor processing, the book also proposes a new model of metaphor processing that brings together the mechanism of Embodied Simulation, on the one hand, and the notion of deliberateness on the other. Modulation of attention during linguistic processing is a key component in explaining how they interact. Potential readers of the book include linguists, psychologists, philosophers and any other cognitive scientists and communication scientists piqued by the topic of metaphor and embodiment.

Embodiment Via Body Parts

Embodiment Via Body Parts
Author: Zouheir A. Maalej
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2011
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027223858

This volume is based on the theme session titled 'Embodiment via Body Parts', organized by Zouheir Maalej, Farzad Sharifian, and Ning Yu at the 10th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference held in Krakow, Poland, in July 2007.