Merchant Mariners at War

Merchant Mariners at War
Author: George J Billy
Publisher: University Press of Florida
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2008-09-14
Genre: History
ISBN: 0813047900

Thousands of cargo ships sailed in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters of World War II manned by young men who braved blockades, torpedoes, and bombings to deliver vital supplies to the Allied forces and make victory possible. These mariners have received little if any credit; they are the forgotten group of "the greatest generation." Merchant Mariners at War offers firsthand accounts of the wartime experiences of veterans who graduated from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy--the largest supplier of ships' officers in WWII. Gathered over more than a decade at the academy in Kings Point, New York, the interviews offer a unique portrait of the young officers who delivered the vital war materiel and provide a valuable window into the world of the merchant marine during WWII. The stories often include startling accounts of privation and endurance. Their stories give voice to a new perspective on WWII maritime history. Chapters cover such subjects as Liberty ships, U-Boats, the Battle of the Atlantic, D-Day, the Philippines, the vast Pacific, and the Murmansk Run. Throughout the book, interesting anecdotes from the veterans enliven the narrative and add to its contribution to the historical record--heretofore non-existent.

Heroes in Dungarees

Heroes in Dungarees
Author: Estate of: John Bunker
Publisher: Naval Institute Press
Total Pages: 391
Release: 2013-01-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1612512054

A World War II merchant seaman, John Bunker takes a thorough look at the American merchant marines' significant contributions to the war effort. There are plenty of fascinating facts about their extensive supply operations, but the focus of the book is on the men and their often-heroic actions. Bunker draws from his own experiences to describe the action at sea and also includes the personal stories of many other civilian participants. It is an engaging portrayal of the courage, bravery, and ingenuity demonstrated by these merchant seamen. All theaters of operation using U.S. merchant ships are covered; in addition, Bunker provides information on events before the country entered the war when efforts were being made to build more ships and to recruit the men necessary to crew the huge fleet.

At All Costs

At All Costs
Author: Sam Moses
Publisher: Random House
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2006-11-07
Genre: History
ISBN: 1588365611

In this gripping, page-turning account, Sam Moses has told a story in the tradition of Sebastian Junger’s A Perfect Storm, Robert Kurson’s Shadow Divers, and Hampton Sides’s Ghost Soldiers. It’s a story about the heroism of two men in battle at sea during World War II, and one woman fleeing Nazi Norway with her child. It’s about how courage can change the course of history. AT ALL COSTS: How a Crippled Ship and Two American Merchant Marines Turned the Tide of World War II is the astonishing untold account, with original historical reporting, of how two men faced unfathomable danger to help save the island of Malta, Churchill’s crux of the war. In 1942, the tiny island of Malta was the most heavily bombed place on earth. Hitler needed Malta as a stepping-stone to get to the oil in Iraq and Iran (Persia at the time). Blockaded by sea, Malta was running on empty, in food, fuel and ammunition. Axis U-boats and dive-bombers made supply convoys to Malta more like suicide missions. In this last-hope convoy, 50 warships escorted 13 freighters carrying aviation fuel, and a single critical tanker, the SS Ohio, with 107,000 barrels of oil from Texas. Winston Churchill had traveled to Washington and asked FDR for the tanker–his prime ministership was at stake over this mission to Malta. Relentlessly dive-bombed and repeatedly torpedoed, the Ohio suffered huge hits and was abandoned. Two young American merchant mariners– pulled from the sea after their own ship went down in flames–boarded the ravaged tanker, repaired her guns and fought off German and Italian dive-bombers, as the sinking Ohio was towed at 4 knots toward Malta with a tiny crew of volunteers. Sam Moses’ AT ALL COSTS is a triumphant story of human bravery: fearless, selfless acts by men determined to save a ship and win a war; profound communal courage from an island under brutal siege; and leaders who understood the cause of freedom.

Merchant Marine Survivors of World War II

Merchant Marine Survivors of World War II
Author: Michael Gillen
Publisher: McFarland
Total Pages: 216
Release: 2015-01-02
Genre: History
ISBN: 0786494670

World War II could not have been won without the U.S. Merchant Marine. Crewed by civilian seamen in peacetime and carrying much of the nation's ocean-borne commerce, the Merchant Marine became the "fourth arm of defense" in wartime, providing vital support for beachheads in all theaters of operation. Twenty World War II Merchant Marine veterans are featured in this oral history. Most had at least one ship torpedoed, bombed, shelled or mined out from under them--some of them two. Some became prisoners of the Japanese for the duration of the war, working on the infamous River Kwai Bridge. Many spent time on lifeboats or flimsy rafts under harsh conditions; one--Donald Zubrod--endured 42 days in a lifeboat with several others before their eventual rescue, close to death. American merchant mariners suffered a casualty rate that was a close second to the Marine Corps during the war.

My Life As a US Merchant Marine in World War II

My Life As a US Merchant Marine in World War II
Author: Charles Hoffman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2014-07-20
Genre:
ISBN: 9781500590147

This World War II US Merchant Marine memoir was written by Charles William Hoffman. This highly personal memoir of his days as a young man serving his country reflects the culture of that time. The US entry into WWII required immediate growth of US Merchant Marine capabilities. The Atlantic Ocean was a major strategic battle zone during WWII. The Merchant Marine participated in every landing operation by the US Marine Corps from Guadalcanal to Iwo Jima. It took 15 tons of suppliers to support one soldier for one year at the front. During 1945 alone, the Merchant Mariners delivered 17 million pounds of cargo every hour, including ammunition, airplanes, fuel, PT boats and amphibious craft, tanks, jeeps, trucks, medicines, locomotives and food. Mariners delivered the goods when and where needed in every war theater.Charles W. Hoffman served his country on seven ships, including a United Nations mercy mission and a highly dangerous ammunition ship. He was 1 of only 7 who survived from his original group of 51 young men who left St. Louis, Missouri to serve their country by delivering the goods to serve all warfighters.

Escape from Archangel

Escape from Archangel
Author: Thomas E. Simmons
Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2011-08-16
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 1617033804

During World War II, merchant marine tankers in convoys plied the frozen North Atlantic through the flaming wreckage of torpedoed ships. Working to keep sea lanes open, valiant merchant seamen supplied food, fuel, and goods to the Allies in the last pockets of European resistance to the Nazis. This exciting book acknowledges that the merchant marines, all volunteers, are among the unsung heroes of the war. One of these was Jac Smith, an ordinary seamen on the Cedar Creek, a new civilian tanker lend-leased to the U.S.S.R. and in the merchantman convoy running from Scotland to Murmansk. Smith's riveting adventures at sea and in the frozen taigas and tundra are a story of valor that underlines the essential role of merchant marines in the war against the Axis powers. This gripping narrative tells of a cruel blow that fate dealt Smith when, after volunteering to serve on the tanker headed for Murmansk, he was arrested and interned in a Soviet work camp near Arkhangelsk. Escape from Archangel recounts how this American happened to be imprisoned in an Allied country and how he planned and managed his escape. In his arduous 900-mile trek to freedom, he encountered the remarkable Laplanders of the far north and brave Norwegian resistance fighters. While telling this astonishing story of Jac Smith and of the awesome dangers merchant seamen endured while keeping commerce alive on the seascape of war, Escape from Archangel brings long-deserved attention to the role of the merchant marine and their sacrifices during wartime.

The Mathews Men

The Mathews Men
Author: William Geroux
Publisher: Penguin
Total Pages: 476
Release: 2016-04-19
Genre: History
ISBN: 0698184726

“Vividly drawn and emotionally gripping." —Daniel James Brown, #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Boys in the Boat From the author of The Ghost Ships of Archangel, one of the last unheralded heroic stories of World War II: the U-boat assault off the American coast against the men of the U.S. Merchant Marine who were supplying the European war, and one community’s monumental contribution to that effort Mathews County, Virginia, is a remote outpost on the Chesapeake Bay with little to offer except unspoiled scenery—but it sent an unusually large concentration of sea captains to fight in World War II. The Mathews Men tells that heroic story through the experiences of one extraordinary family whose seven sons (and their neighbors), U.S. merchant mariners all, suddenly found themselves squarely in the cross-hairs of the U-boats bearing down on the coastal United States in 1942. From the late 1930s to 1945, virtually all the fuel, food and munitions that sustained the Allies in Europe traveled not via the Navy but in merchant ships. After Pearl Harbor, those unprotected ships instantly became the U-boats’ prime targets. And they were easy targets—the Navy lacked the inclination or resources to defend them until the beginning of 1943. Hitler was determined that his U-boats should sink every American ship they could find, sometimes within sight of tourist beaches, and to kill as many mariners as possible, in order to frighten their shipmates into staying ashore. As the war progressed, men from Mathews sailed the North and South Atlantic, the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean, and even the icy Barents Sea in the Arctic Circle, where they braved the dreaded Murmansk Run. Through their experiences we have eyewitnesses to every danger zone, in every kind of ship. Some died horrific deaths. Others fought to survive torpedo explosions, flaming oil slicks, storms, shark attacks, mine blasts, and harrowing lifeboat odysseys—only to ship out again on the next boat as soon as they'd returned to safety. The Mathews Men shows us the war far beyond traditional battlefields—often the U.S. merchant mariners’ life-and-death struggles took place just off the U.S. coast—but also takes us to the landing beaches at D-Day and to the Pacific. “When final victory is ours,” General Dwight D. Eisenhower had predicted, “there is no organization that will share its credit more deservedly than the Merchant Marine.” Here, finally, is the heroic story of those merchant seamen, recast as the human story of the men from Mathews.

Torpedoed for Life

Torpedoed for Life
Author: Herman Starnes
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre:
ISBN: 9781480285231

A good number of Merchant Marine WW II combat veterans have poured out their memories in this book. They tell about what they did on their ships for their country to supply the needs of our fighting men and those of our allies all over the earth. We WW 2 Merchant Marines are all now in our upper 80's & 90's and dealing with medical problems. No one knows how many of us are still alive. Every day we hear that one or more of our WW II sailor comrades have "Crossed the Bar" (passed away). There have been more than 50 Merchant Marine wartime books written over the years since that war. This one may be the last and we will tell our story up to the present. Very few people have heard of these Merchant Mariners or the struggle to obtain recognition and benefits from two generations of forgetful Washington politicians. Ian Allison and this author were very close to that struggle and you can read about it here - unvarnished. We are very proud to have stories about Stanley Willner in Death's Railway and Perry Adam in Little Ships which were written by Gerald Reminick and published by the Glencannon Press, Mr. Walter Jafffe, Publisher, El Cerritto, CA. These gentlemen have wished us well with this book. The Forgotten Heroes, by the well-known author, Mr. Brian Herbert, is the third book we used for expertise on total information about the Merchant Marine. We met Mr. Herbert at the April 18, 2007 House Committee on VA Affairs. He spoke strongly about the treatment and neglect the country had given us. When his verbal time ran out, he continued with a five-page written testimony.This volume's publishing would not be possible without the collection of WW II Merchant Marine information provided by Captain Dave Swan of the St. Johns River Chapter of the AMMV from the Maritime Museum in Jacksonville, FL 32260. The subject of this book is not the U.S. in WW II. Those accounts almost never mention the Merchant Mariners. Our stories are told by these old men who were out there on every ocean before, during and after the US entered the war, 1940-1946. We most certainly acknowledge the contribution of their stories.

Fourth Arm of Defense

Fourth Arm of Defense
Author: Salvatore R. Mercogliano
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Total Pages: 88
Release: 2017
Genre: Merchant marine
ISBN: 9780945274964

This publication is the eighth in the series The U.S. Navy and the Vietnam War. The publication focuses on the sealift and logistic operations during the war and includes a number of photographs as well as sidebars detailing specific people and ships involved in the logistic operations. This historical pictorial reference would be of interest to students, historians, members of the military, specifically the Navy, and military leaders, veterans, Vietnam War veterans, and the U.S. merchant marines.