Mechanotransduction In Endothelial Cells
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| Author | : Wolfgang B. Liedtke, MD, PH.D. |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 502 |
| Release | : 2006-09-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1420005847 |
Since the first TRP ion channel was discovered in Drosophila melanogaster in 1989, the progress made in this area of signaling research has yielded findings that offer the potential to dramatically impact human health and wellness. Involved in gateway activity for all five of our senses, TRP channels have been shown to respond to a wide range of st
| Author | : Jie Liu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 130 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Abstract: Endothelial cells are mechano-sensitive cells and can perceive and respond to the biophysical changes in their microenvironment. However the molecular basis of the mechanisms by which endothelial cells perceive mechanical signals and relay them intracellularly to regulate gene expression remain unclear. It was our hypothesis that, signals generated by dynamic mechanical strain control human microvascular endothelial cell functions with high fidelity and spatial precision to regulate cell cycle progression and proliferation to promote angiogenesis in health and in disease. Our in vitro and in vivo investigations demonstrate that mechanoactivation of human endothelial cells results in (i) transcriptome wide upregulation of genes involved in angiogenesis and tissue repair, (ii) activation of signaling cascades initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) and integrin linked kinase, (iii) activation of Akt signaling cascade via phosphotidyl inositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent Ser473-Akt phosphorylation and subsequent activation of signaling events which augment cell cycle progression and cell proliferation, (v) activation of ERK1/2 signaling cascade to promote angiogenesis (vi) suppression of IL-1[beta]-induced proinflammatory gene transcription to support increased endothelial cell survival and cell proliferation, and (vii) persistence of pro-angiogenic effects of mechanical signals in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. More importantly, the upregulation of angiogenesis by mechanical forces appears to play an important role in the increased induction of angiogenesis and more rapid wound resolution in vivo. The findings provide the molecular and biophysical basis by which mechanical forces, signaling molecules and transcription factors interplay to control cell growth and tissue organization. Furthermore, the findings provide the first evidence for the potential of mechanical signals in controlling tissue morphogenesis and open up new therapeutic options for wound healing and other angiogenesis dependent diseases.
| Author | : Tzung K. Hsiai |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 380 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9814280410 |
The book represents a paradigm shift from the traditional static model of investigation of oxidative biology to the dynamic model of vascular oxidative stress. The investigation of vascular biology and cardiovascular medicine is made possible by the use of tissue engineering, nanotechnology and stem cell research. This is the first textbook to target a wide readership from academia to industry and government agencies in the field of cardiovascular diseases.
| Author | : Mohammad R. K. Mofrad |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 668 |
| Release | : 2014-07-31 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1316139476 |
'Mechanotransduction' is the term for the ability, first described by 19th-century anatomist Julius Wolff, of living tissues to sense mechanical stress and respond by tissue remodeling. More recently, the scope of mechanotransduction has been expanded to include the sensation of stress, its translation into a biochemical signal, and the sequence of biological responses it produces. This book looks at mechanotransduction in a more restricted sense, focusing on the process of stress sensing and transducing a mechanical force into a cascade of biochemical signals. This stress has become increasingly recognized as one of the primary and essential factors controlling biological functions, ultimately affecting the function of the cells, tissues, and organs. A primary goal of this broad book is also to help define the new field of mechanomics, which attempts to describe the complete mechanical state of a biological system.
| Author | : Keith J. Gooch |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 230 |
| Release | : 2013-03-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3662034204 |
Animal Cell Culture nimal cell culture began in 1912 when Alexis Carrel grew bits of chick heart A in vitro by placing them into a drop of horse plasma. When the plasma clotted, it formed a solid surface into which the heart cells explanted. Left unattended, these cells died within several days. By regularly feeding the grow ing cells with aqueous extracts of whole chick embryos and periodically sub dividing them, Carrel was able to maintain the cells for extended periods. From these initial experiments, cell culture has expanded into an important component of biological research and commercial production. Animal cell culture is an important tool for the study of complex biologi cal systems. In vivo it is often impossible to target a treatment to one specific cell type or to adequately control the environment. For example, it is impos sible to selectively depolarize endothelial cells in vivo to determine the role of transmembrane potential in the transduction of fluid mechanical forces generated by blood flow to a biochemical response. Depolarizing all of the cells within the vascular system by injecting potassium chloride into the animal's bloodstream clearly is not an option, as it will lead to cardiac arrest.
| Author | : Mohammad R. K. Mofrad |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014-07-31 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9781107682467 |
"Mechanotransduction" is the term for the ability, first described by 19th-century anatomist Julius Wolff, of living tissues to sense mechanical stress and respond by tissue remodeling. More recently, the scope of mechanotransduction has been expanded to include the sensation of stress, its translation into a biochemical signal, and the sequence of biological responses it produces. This book looks at mechanotransduction in a more restricted sense, focusing on the process of stress sensing and transducing a mechanical force into a cascade of biochemical signals. This stress has become increasingly recognized as one of the primary and essential factors controlling biological functions, ultimately affecting the function of the cells, tissues, and organs. A primary goal of this broad book is also to help define the new field of mechanomics, which attempts to describe the complete mechanical state of a biological system.
| Author | : Aleksandr.. Rabodzey |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 194 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
(cont.) These studies show that intercellular adhesion molecules are important in the force transmission and shear stress response. Their role, however, is not limited to flow mechanotransduction. Intercellular force transmission has an important application - organ development and, specifically, angiogenesis. We studied the role of VE-cadherin in vessel development in HUVECs and showed that VE-cadherin-null cells do not form vessels in the in vitro assay. This observation confirms the important role of intercellular force transmission in response to external force caused by flow or exerted by other cells.
| Author | : Markus Hecker |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2021-03-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3030631648 |
This volume of the series Cardiac and Vascular Biology presents the most relevant aspects of vascular mechanobiology along with many more facets of this fascinating, timely and clinically highly relevant field. Mechanotransduction, mechanosensing, fluid shear stress, hameodynamics and cell fate, are just a few topics to name. All important aspects of vascular mechanobiology in health and disease are reviewed by some of the top experts in the field. This volume, together with a second title on cardiac mechanobiology featured in this series, will be of high relevance to scientists and clinical researchers in the area of vascular biology, cardiology and biomedical engineering.
| Author | : Protasio L. Da Luz |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 760 |
| Release | : 2018-02-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0128125519 |
Endothelium and Cardiovascular Diseases: Vascular Biology and Clinical Syndromes provides an in-depth examination of the role of endothelium and endothelial dysfunction in normal vascular function, and in a broad spectrum of clinical syndromes, from atherosclerosis, to cognitive disturbances and eclampsia. The endothelium is a major participant in the pathophysiology of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension, and these entities are responsible for the largest part of cardiovascular mortality and morbidly. Over the last decade major new discoveries and concepts involving the endothelium have come to light. This important reference collects this data in an easy to reference resource. Written by known experts, and covering all aspects of endothelial function in health and disease, this reference represents an assembly of recent knowledge that is essential to both basic investigators and clinicians. Provides a complete overview of endothelial function in health and diseases, along with an assessment of new information Includes coverage of groundbreaking areas, including the artificial LDL particle, the development of a new anti-erectile dysfunction agent, a vaccine for atherosclerosis, coronary calcification associated with red wine, and the interplay of endoplasmic reticulum/oxidative stress Explores the genetic features of endothelium and the interaction between basic knowledge and clinical syndromes
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 404 |
| Release | : 2014-07-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0123983274 |
Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas in molecular biology. It contains contributions from leaders in their fields and abundant references. Volume 126 features in-depth reviews that focus on the tools required to investigate mechanotransduction. Additional chapters focus on how we can use these tools to answer fundamental questions about the interaction of physical forces with cell biology, morphogenesis, and function of mature structures. Chapters in the volume are authored by a unique combination of cell biologists and engineers, providing a range of perspectives on mechanotransduction. Provides a unique combination of perspectives from biologists and engineers Engaging to people of many training backgrounds
