Mechanical Design of Structural Materials in Animals

Mechanical Design of Structural Materials in Animals
Author: John M. Gosline
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2018-05-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0691176876

Mechanical Design of Structural Materials in Animals explores the principles underlying how molecules interact to produce the functional attributes of biological materials: their strength and stiffness, ability to absorb and store energy, and ability to resist the fatigue that accrues through a lifetime of physical insults. These attributes play a central role in determining the size and shape of animals, the ways in which they can move, and how they interact with their environment. By showing how structural materials have been designed by evolution, John Gosline sheds important light on how animals work. Gosline elucidates the pertinent theories for how molecules are arranged into macromolecular structures and how those structures are then built up into whole organisms. In particular, Gosline develops the theory of discontinuous, fiber-reinforced composites, which he employs in a grand synthesis to explain the properties of everything from the body wall of sea anemones to spiders' silks and insect cuticles, tendons, ligaments, and bones. Although the theories are examined in depth, Gosline's elegant discussion makes them accessible to anyone with an interest in the mechanics of life. Focusing on the materials from which animals are constructed, this book answers fundamental questions about mechanical properties in nature.

Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors

Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors
Author: Pascal Yvon
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 686
Release: 2016-08-27
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0081009127

Operating at a high level of fuel efficiency, safety, proliferation-resistance, sustainability and cost, generation IV nuclear reactors promise enhanced features to an energy resource which is already seen as an outstanding source of reliable base load power. The performance and reliability of materials when subjected to the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors are essential areas of study, as key considerations for the successful development of generation IV reactors are suitable structural materials for both in-core and out-of-core applications. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors explores the current state-of-the art in these areas. Part One reviews the materials, requirements and challenges in generation IV systems. Part Two presents the core materials with chapters on irradiation resistant austenitic steels, ODS/FM steels and refractory metals amongst others. Part Three looks at out-of-core materials. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors is an essential reference text for professional scientists, engineers and postgraduate researchers involved in the development of generation IV nuclear reactors. - Introduces the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors and implications for structural materials - Contains chapters on the key core and out-of-core materials, from steels to advanced micro-laminates - Written by an expert in that particular area

Advanced Structural Materials

Advanced Structural Materials
Author: Winston O. Soboyejo
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 526
Release: 2006-12-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1420017462

A snapshot of the central ideas used to control fracture properties of engineered structural metallic materials, Advanced Structural Materials: Properties, Design Optimization, and Applications illustrates the critical role that advanced structural metallic materials play in aerospace, biomedical, automotive, sporting goods, and other indust

Micro- and Macromechanical Properties of Materials

Micro- and Macromechanical Properties of Materials
Author: Yichun Zhou
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 608
Release: 2013-09-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1466592443

This is an English translation of a Chinese textbook that has been designated a national planned university textbook, the highest award given to scientific textbooks in China. The book provides a complete overview of mechanical properties and fracture mechanics in materials science, mechanics, and physics. It details the macro- and micro-mechanical properties of metal structural materials, nonmetal structural materials, and various functional materials. It also discusses the macro and micro failure mechanism under different loadings and contains research results on thin film mechanics, smart material mechanics, and more.

Advanced Mechanics of Composite Materials

Advanced Mechanics of Composite Materials
Author: Valery V. Vasiliev
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 505
Release: 2007-05-16
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 008048817X

Composite materials have been representing most significant breakthroughs in various industrial applications, particularly in aerospace structures, during the past thirty five years. The primary goal of Advanced Mechanics of Composite Materials is the combined presentation of advanced mechanics, manufacturing technology, and analysis of composite materials. This approach lets the engineer take into account the essential mechanical properties of the material itself and special features of practical implementation, including manufacturing technology, experimental results, and design characteristics. Giving complete coverage of the topic: from basics and fundamentals to the advanced analysis including practical design and engineering applications. At the same time including a detailed and comprehensive coverage of the contemporary theoretical models at the micro- and macro- levels of material structure, practical methods and approaches, experimental results, and optimisation of composite material properties and component performance. The authors present the results of more than 30 year practical experience in the field of design and analysis of composite materials and structures. * Eight chapters progressively covering all structural levels of composite materials from their components through elementary plies and layers to laminates* Detailed presentation of advanced mechanics of composite materials * Emphasis on nonlinear material models (elasticity, plasticity, creep) and structural nonlinearity

Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering

Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering
Author: Damien Feron
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 1073
Release: 2012-02-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 085709534X

Corrosion of nuclear materials, i.e. the interaction between these materials and their environments, is a major issue for plant safety as well as for operation and economic competitiveness. Understanding these corrosion mechanisms, the systems and materials they affect, and the methods to accurately measure their incidence is of critical importance to the nuclear industry. Combining assessment techniques and analytical models into this understanding allows operators to predict the service life of corrosion-affected nuclear plant materials, and to apply the most appropriate maintenance and mitigation options to ensure safe long term operation.This book critically reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities. Initial sections introduce the complex field of nuclear corrosion science, with detailed chapters on the different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them. This is complemented by reviews of monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches. Given that corrosion is an applied science, the final sections review corrosion issues across the range of current and next-generation nuclear reactors, and across such nuclear applications as fuel reprocessing facilities, radioactive waste storage and geological disposal systems.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Nuclear corrosion science and engineering is an invaluable reference for nuclear metallurgists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as nuclear facility operators, regulators and consultants, and researchers and academics in this field. - Comprehensively reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities - Chapters assess different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them - Considers monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches

Structural Materials

Structural Materials
Author: José Antonio Pero-Sanz Elorz
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 375
Release: 2019-09-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030261611

The book covers the most important materials (naturals, metals, ceramics, polymers and composites) to be used mainly as structural engineering materials. Their main applications based on the properties are described in the first chapters of the book: mechanical, physical and chemical. The second part of the book is dedicated to the conceptual design by properties for a certain structural application: stiffness, mechanical strength, toughness, fatigue resistance, creep, etc., taking into account the weight and the cost. One of the chapters of the second part of the book is focused on the heat treatments of steels in order to improve their resistance to fatigue. The book concludes with a critical comparison between materials considering their production, properties and cost, and the forecast about the utilization of the different fields of materials in structural applications.

Unit Manufacturing Processes

Unit Manufacturing Processes
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 228
Release: 1995-01-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0309176670

Manufacturing, reduced to its simplest form, involves the sequencing of product forms through a number of different processes. Each individual step, known as an unit manufacturing process, can be viewed as the fundamental building block of a nation's manufacturing capability. A committee of the National Research Council has prepared a report to help define national priorities for research in unit processes. It contains an organizing framework for unit process families, criteria for determining the criticality of a process or manufacturing technology, examples of research opportunities, and a prioritized list of enabling technologies that can lead to the manufacture of products of superior quality at competitive costs. The study was performed under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation and the Defense Department's Manufacturing Technology Program.